DOCKS-TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

&
INLAND WATER TRANSPORT
BY
CHIRUTANI THEJASWI
 DOCKS
• A Dock Is The Area Of Water Between Or Next To One
Or A Group Of Human-made Structures That Are
Involved In The Handling Of Boats Or Ships Or Such
Structures Themselves.
• A Dock Is A Marine Structure For Berthing Of Vessels
For Loading And Unloading Cargo And Passengers .
• Docks Are Enclosed Areas For Berthing The Ships To
Keep Them Afloat At A Uniform Level To Facilitate
Loading And Unloading Cargo.
 CLASSIFICATION OF DOCKS

• Docks Are Classified Into Following Two Categories:

• Wet Docks
• Dry Docks
• Docks Required For Berthing Of Ships Or Vessels To Facilitate The Loading
And Unloading Of Passengers And Cargo Are Called Wet Docks
• The Docks Used For Repairs Of Ships Are Known As Dry Docks
 CLASSIFICATION OF DRY DOCKS

• Dry Docks Are Classified Into Five Categories

• Graving Or Dry Docks.
• Floating Dry Dock.
• Marine Railway Dock.
• Ship Lift Dry Docks.
• Slip Ways.
 FUNCTIONS OF DRY DOCKS
• A Dry Dock (Sometimes Drydock Or Dry-
dock) Is A Narrow Basin Or Vessel That Can
Be Flooded To Allow A Load To Be Floated
In, Then Drained To Allow That Load To
Come To Rest On A Dry Platform. Dry
Docks Are Used For The Construction,
Maintenance, And Repair Of Ships,
Boats, And Other Watercraft.
 FUNCTIONS OF WET DOCKS

• A Wet Dock Or Impounded Dock Is A

Variant In Which The Water Is Impounded
Either By Dock Gates Or By A Lock, Thus
Allowing Ships To Remain Afloat At Low
Tide In Places With High Tidal Ranges.
The Level Of Water In The Dock Is
Maintained Despite The Rising And Falling
Of The Tide. This Makes Transfer Of Cargo
Easier.
 LIST OF DOCKS IN INDIA
• KANDLA PORT, GUJARAT - BUSIEST PORT IN INDIA.
• JAWAHARLAL NEHRU PORT, MAHARASHTRA (EARLIER KNOWN AS NHAVA SHEVA)
• MUMBAI PORT (LARGEST PORT OF INDIA).
• VISAKHAPATNAM PORT, ANDHRA PRADESH.
• CHENNAI PORT (SECOND LARGEST SEA PORT IN INDIA).
• MORMUGAO PORT, GOA.
• KOLKATA PORT.
KANDLA PORT, GUJARAT Jawaharlal Nehru Port, Maharashtra
MUMBAI PORT VISAKHAPATNAM PORT
CHENNAI PORT MORMUGAO PORT,GOA
KOLKATA PORT
INLAND WATER TRANSPORT
 INTRODUCTION
• Inland Water Transportation Is An Inter-modal Transportation For Moving Goods
And Passengers.
• There Are 14,500 Km Of Inland Waterways In India . Out Of These , about 5,700
Km Is Navigable By Mechanized Vessels.
• Share Of Iwt In Transportation In India Is Far Lower As Compared With Many
Other Countries Which Have Exploited The Benefits Of Iwt.
• The Iwt Modal Share In Netherlands Is 42%,france 15%,hungary 15%,germany
14%,belgium 13% And In Us 15%.
 INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA

• IWAI IS THE STATUTORY AUTHORITY IN CHARGE OF THE

WATERWAYS IN INDIA.ITS HEADQUARTERS IS LOCATED IN
NOIDA,U.P.
• NATIONAL WATERWAYS COME UNDER PURVIEW OF CENTRAL
GOVERNMENT AND INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA
(IWAI),WHEREAS OTHER WATERWAYS ARE UNDER THE CONTROL OF
THE STATE GOVERNMENTS.
 MISSION AND VISION OF IWAI
• THE INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA (IWAI) IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION OF INLAND WATERWAYS FOR SHIPPING AND
NAVIGATION.
• USERS CAN ACCESS INFORMATION ON WATERWAYS, HYDROGRAPHY, TRAFFIC,
VESSEL, EQUIPMENT, KALANDAN PROJECT, NAVIGATIONAL AIDS, RIVER CRUISES,
INDO-BANGLADESH PROTOCOL, ETC.
• DETAILS RELATED TO WORKSHOPS, SEMINARS, ACTS, RULES, POLICIES,
SCHEMES, REGULATIONS, INTEGRITY PACT, ETC. ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.
 NATIONAL WATERWAYS

• CURRENTLY,5 WATERWAYS HAVE BEEN DECLARED AS NATIONAL

WATERWAYS(NW) IN INDIA
 COASTAL SHIPPING
• COASTAL SHIPPING ACTS AS AN INTER-MODAL TRANSPORTATION
AND PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN INTEGRATED LOGISTICS CHAIN
IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES.
• COASTAL SHIPPING ,ALSO KNOWN AS SHORT SEA SHIPPING
ACCOUNTS FOR 43% OF CARGO TRAFFIC IN EUROPE.
• OTHER ECONOMIES SUCH AS US AND CHINA HAVE ADOPTED
DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION PLANS FOR INCREASED
TRANSPORTATION THROUGH INLAND WATERWAYS
INLAND WATER TRANSPORT
 ADVANTAGES OF IWT

• CONGESTION FREE
• FUEL EFFICIENT
• ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
• LARGE PARCEL SIZES
• LOWER CAPITAL AND RECCURING INVESTMENTS
• LOWER TRANSPORTATION COSTS
• LOWER EXTERNAL COSTS
 OPERATIONAL ISSUES OF IWT
• VESSELS
• DEPTH
• TERMINALS ON RAILWAYS
• DEVELOPMENT OF INLAND WATERWAYS
• TERMINALS DEVELOPMENT
• CARGO HANDLING FACILITIES
• DRY DOCKING
• ADDITIONAL HANDLING
• FUNDING
 PROBLEMS FACED BY INLAND WATER
TRANSPORT
Technical Challenges:
•  Inadequate Depth: Lack Of Inadequate Depth Of Waterways For Commercial
Movement Of Cargo Is A Major Concern. Also Quality Of Water Flow Is
Becoming Poorer Progressively.
• Inadequate air Draft: multiple Bridges With Low Vertical Clearance obstructs
The Passage Of Bigger Vessels such as NW 3.
 INCENTIVES

• INLAND VESSEL BUILDING SUBSIDY SCHEME(IVBSS)

• OPERATIONAL
• FINANCING
• TRAINING
• INTEGRATION
 CONCLUSION

• Hence I Conclude That, Waterways Are An Important Mode Of Transport

For Both Passenger And Cargo Traffic In India. It Is The Cheapest Means Of
Transport And Is Most Suitable For Carrying Heavy And Bulky Material. It Is A
Fuel-efficient And Eco-friendly Mode Of Transport.
 REFERENCES

• HARBOUR,DOCK AND TUNNEL ENGINEERING BY

R.SRINIVASAN
• DOCK AND HARBOUR ENGINEERING BY GAUTAM
H. OZA, HASMUKH P. OZA