Ethics Group 3

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Group #3
BSED SS-1C ETHICS
Your Team
The Role of Economics and Inclusive Growth - Arabela
Moral Challenges of Globalization - Karen
Global Ethics - Reslyn
Global Problems - Jolina

Global Poverty - Jolina
Migration - Haziel
Environmental Ethics - Christine
Pluralism vs. Fundamentalism - Giecell
Values and Characteristics - Romalyn
Ethical Challenges and Response - Benjie
The Rule of Religion in Ethics - Japheth

The Principles
of Taxation
and Inclusive
growth
Topic 1 TAX
-A tax is a compulsory financial

charge or some other type of levy
imposed on a taxpayer by a
governmental organization to fund
government spending and various
public expenditures. A failure to
pay, along with evasion of or
resistance to taxation, is
punishable by law.
Topic 1 TAXATION
-Taxation is the system by which a

government takes money from
people and spends it on things
such as education, health, and
defense.
-Taxation is the imposition of
compulsory levies on individuals
or entities by governments. Taxes
are levied in almost every country
of the world, primarily to raise
revenue for government
expenditures, although they serve
other purposes as well. In modern
economies, taxes are the most
important source of governmental
revenue.
Topic 1 Principles of Taxation
Principles of Taxation
The 18th-century economist and

philosopher Adam Smith
attempted to systematize the rules
that should govern a rational
system of taxation.
•The benefit principle
Under the benefit principle, taxes are seen as serving a function

similar to that of prices in private transactions; that is, they help
determine what activities the government will undertake and who
will pay for them. If this principle could be implemented, the
allocation of resources through the public sector would respond
directly to consumer wishes.
•The ability-to-pay principle
The ability-to-pay principle requires that the total tax burden will
be distributed among individuals according to their capacity to
bear it, taking into account all of the relevant personal
characteristics. The most suitable taxes from this standpoint are
personal levies (income, net worth, consumption, and
inheritance taxes). Historically there was common agreement
that income is the best indicator of ability to pay.
Topic 1 Inclusive Growth
Inclusive Growth
Inclusive growth is a concept that advances equitable
opportunities for economic participants during economic growth
with benefits incurred by every section of society. The definition of
inclusive growth implies direct links between the macroeconomic
and microeconomic determinants of the economy and economic
growth.
Topic 1 The role of economics and inclusive growth
The role of
economics
and
Inclusive
growth
•Economics
• Economics studies the production, distribution, and

consumption of goods and services, which are both a key driver
of development (increasing standards of living through providing
food, housing, and other basic human requirements) and a main
cause of current changes in earth systems.
• Economics provides a framework for understanding the actions

and decisions of individuals, businesses and governments.
Inclusive growth
• Inclusive growth perfectly facilitates the stability and

development of the global economy. On the one hand, inclusive
growth will add new impetus and vitality, providing new room for
economic growth.
Topic 1 The moral challenges of globalization
The moral
challenges of
globalization
The moral challenges

of globalization
The moral challenge of globalization demands a fundamental
change in values, focusing on human security, democracy, and
economic justice. By thinking globally and acting collectively,
which of us must contribute to building a more compassionate,
humane, and peaceful world
The moral challenges

of globalization
Few things are as important today as “globalization” . Though only
a small number of individuals take time to closely examined this
concept, many feel entitled to invoke it regularly. Not only does
“globalization” purport to characterize our present age, but it also
seems to carry the weight of destiny. Certainly, technological
advances and the emergence of sophisticated markets have
increased the affinity between different global societies, I loving
for rapid transportation of people and information.
Thomas Friedman
defines Globalization on his book “The Lexus and the Olive Tree”
as the inexorable integration of markets , nation state and
technologies to a degree never witnessed before – in a way that is
enabling individuals, corporations, and nation states to reach
around the world farther , faster , deeper , and cheaper
BUT GROUP ORGANIZATION POINTS TO SEVERAL

OTHER DISTINCTIVE PHENOMENA AS WELL such as :
Traditional understandings of economics are changing - The
globalization is a Janus-faced beast , offering an imaginable
prosperity to the most well-educated and well-born , while doing
out only misery and despair to the world's poor.
1.The Real Crisis

(Leadership Crisis ) when we allow well to be concentrated in fewer and
fewer hands, so that the world's three riches individuals have assets that
exceed the combined gross domestic product of the poorest forty-eight
countries.
( Spiritual Crisis) many people are so poor that they can only see God in the
form of bread, and when other individuals seem only to have faith in a
capricious God whose “ invisible hand “ guides the free market ( Gandhi)
( Moral Crisis) “ I say it is a moral crisis when 40,000 children die each day
from malnutrition and disease. And I say that it is
( Democratic Crisis) when 1.3 vision people live on incomes of less than $1 a
day, and in their unrelenting poverty are totally excluded from public decision-
making. ( Oscar Arias 1999)
2.Human Security
The first step towards global thinking requires that we adopt a
definition of peace that goes beyond the short-sighted demands of
national security. Human security is a concern with human life and
dignity. The martyred Salvadoran Archbishop , Oscar Romero ,
eloquently this idea . He told his people that “ The only peace that
God wants is a peace based in justice”.
3.Democratic Values
The second step in global thinking is to expand our understanding
of democracy. People are satisfied that democracy has a place in
the constitution of the state, but make no room for democracy in
the constitution of their own soul. They do not let it affect their
daily interactions, their personal relationships, or their professional
ambitions. For ,at its core , democracy is a radical philosophy of
civic participation .
It is the faith that through public dialogue and inclusive
deliberation, ordinary individuals can build ever better systems for
leaving together.
4.Economic Justice
- this leads us to a third crucial component of global thinking. We must
remember that democracy is merely not the distribution of political power , but
also the distribution of economic power.
“ the human race is facing forms slavery which are new and new and more
subtle than those of the past … and for far too many people , freedom remains
a word without meaning” ( Pope John Paul II)
Renewed focus on human security, through going democracy , and economic

justice Will be the basis for a profound shift in our ethical thinking. To say that a
fundamental change in values is necessary, however, not to void concrete
policy proposals. Rather, by putting our values up front, we are able to turn to
the problems of the day with new vitality and insight.
5.Trade and aid

I argue that richest and most powerful nations have a special responsibility to
promote trade and aid policies that truly empowered the developing world.
( Oscar Arias 1999)
Debt forgiveness should be part of an expanded program of just humanitarian

support . From 1982 to 1990 , debtor countries in the South paid their creditors
in the North $6.5 billion interest me $ 6-billionbin principal payments per month
as much as the entire developing worlds spend on education and health .
Some argue that forgiving these debts would disrupt the economy and show
unfair preferences. But this arguments ignored several important precedents.
6.Military Spending
- while the formulating just aid policies and forgiving debts Will be
important aspects of our struggle for human development, It is a
must to focus efforts on controlling a world military-industrial
complex removed from democratic restraints and humanitarian
standard .
7.Arms Trade
One key component of this tasks will be controlling the reckless
distribution of weapons throughout the world . In pursuing true
solutions to contemporary defense concerns, and in creating
policies that will allow us to focus on human security, the world
need to work together as an international community to limit the
availability and spread of deadly weaponry.
This globalization has bullied and seeped it’s way into every nook
of humanity , with results include loss of democracy , human
rights violations , rapid environmental degradation , expanding
poverty and inequality , and increased starvation . We should not
fear globalization as such , but we should be afraid of
globalization as it is being played out according to the imperialistic
goals of a few rich people (Sarah Oelberg 2002
Topic 3 GLOBAL ETHICS
Refers to a set of common moral

values and ethical standards
which are shared by the different
faiths and culture.
Topic 3 VALUES OF GLOBAL ETHICS
•VALUES OF GLOBAL ETHICS
-Is to check world poverty and international Aid, Environmental

problems, Peace and security, intervention and the human
rights. Importance of Global Ethics
•IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL ETHICS
-To investigates some of the most important moral problems

which we face. Global Ethics Issue
Topic 3 •Some of the most common ethical issues
•Some of the most common ethical

issues
-organizations encounter globally include
-outsourcing, working standards and
-conditions, workplace diversity and equal

opportunity, child labor, trust and human rights,and corruption.
Topic 4 GLOBAL POVERTY
GLOBAL
PROBLEMS
Topic 4 GLOBAL PROBLEMS
GLOBAL PROBLEMS
- Global problems are not just important problems, or problems
that affect many people. Rather they are those problems that
affect the whole of the planet, and potentially all of the people who
live on it.
A global issue is any issue (problem, risk) that adversely affects the
global community and environment, possibly in a catastrophic way,
including environmental issues, political crisis, health crisis, social
issues and economic crisis.
WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

Climate Change
The global temperatures are rising, and are estimated to increase
from 2.6 degrees Celsius to 4.8 degrees Celsius by 2100. This
would cause more severe weather, crises with food and resources
and the spread of diseases.

Pollution
Pollution is one of the most difficult global issues to combat, as
the umbrella term refers to ocean litter, pesticides and fertilizers,
air, light and noise pollution. Clean water is essential for humans
and animals, but more than one billion people don’t have access
to clean water due to pollution from toxic substances, sewage or
industrial waste.

Violence
Violence can be found in the social, cultural and economic
aspects of the world. Whether it is conflict that has broken out in a
city, hatred targeted at a certain group of people or sexual
harassment occurring on the street, violence is a preventable
problem that has been an issue for longer than necessary.

Lack of Education
More than 72 million children throughout the globe that are of the
age to be in primary education are not enrolled in school. This can
be attributed to inequality and marginalization as well as poverty.
Unemployment
Without the necessary education and skills for employment, many
people, particularly 15- to 24-year olds, struggle to find jobs and
create a proper living for themselves and their families. This leads
to a lack of necessary resources, such as enough food, clothing,
transportation and proper living conditions.

Government Corruption
Corruption is a major cause of poverty considering how it affects
the poor the most, eroding political and economic development,
democracy and more. Corruption can be detrimental to the safety
and well being of citizens living within the corrupted vicinity, and
can cause an increase in violence and physical threats without as
much regulation in the government.

Substance Abuse
The United Nations reports that, by the beginning of the 21st century, an
estimated 185 million people over the age of 15 were consuming drugs
globally. The drugs most commonly used are marijuana, cocaine, alcohol,
amphetamine stimulants, opiates and volatile solvents. Different classes of
people, both poor and rich, partake in substance abuse, and it is a persistent
issue throughout the world.
Terrorism
Terrorism is an issue throughout the world that causes fear and insecurity,
violence and death. Across the globe, terrorists attack innocent people, often
without warning. This makes civilians feel defenseless in their everyday lives.
GLOBAL
POVERTY
GLOBAL POVERTY
Global poverty is defined as the number of people worldwide who
live on less than $1.90 a day. A person surviving on less than
$1.90 a day lives in extreme poverty, as defined by the World
Bank.
•1. INEQUALITY AND

MARGINALIZATION
“Inequality” is an easy, but sometimes misleading term used to

describe the systemic barriers leaving groups of people without a
voice or representation within their communities.
Gender inequality, caste systems, marginalization based on race
or tribal affiliations are all economic and social inequalities that
mean the same thing: Little to no access to the resources
needed to live a full, productive life.
2. CONFLICT
Conflict is one of the most common forms of risk driving poverty

today. Large-scale, protracted violence that we’ve seen in areas
like Syria can grind society to a halt, destroying infrastructure
and causing people to flee (often with nothing but the clothes on
their backs). In its tenth year of conflict, Syria’s middle class has
been all but destroyed, and over 80% of the population now lives
below the poverty line
3. HUNGER, MALNUTRITION, AND

STUNTING
You might think that poverty causes hunger (and you would be
right!), but hunger is also a cause — and maintainer — of
poverty. If a person doesn’t get enough food, they’ll lack the
strength and energy needed to work (or their immune system will
weaken from malnutrition and leave them more susceptible to
illness that prevents them from getting to work).
4. POOR HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS ESPECIALLY

FOR MOTHERS AND CHILDREN
Extreme poverty and poor health often go hand in hand. In

countries where health systems are weak, easily preventable
and treatable illnesses like malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory
infections can be fatal — especially for young children. And
when people must travel far distances to clinics or pay for
medicine, it drains already vulnerable households of money and
assets, and can tip a family from poverty into extreme poverty
5. LITTLE OR NO ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER,

SANITATION, AND HYGIENE
Currently, more than 2 billion people don’t have access to clean

water at home. This means that people (which is to say, women
and girls) collectively spend some 200 million hours every day
walking long distances to fetch water.
6. LACK OF EDUCATION
Not every person without an education is living in extreme

poverty. But most of the extremely poor don’t have an education.
There are many barriers to education around the world, including
a lack of money for uniforms and books, a bias against girls’
education, or many of the other causes of poverty mentioned
here.
7.LACK OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
Many people living in the United States are familiar with social
welfare programs that people can access if they need healthcare
or food assistance. But not every government can provide this
type of help to its citizens — and without that safety net, there’s
nothing to stop vulnerable families from backsliding further into
extreme poverty. Ineffective governments also contribute to
several of the other causes of extreme poverty mentioned
above, as they are unable to provide necessary infrastructure or
healthcare, or ensure the safety and security of their citizens in
the event of conflict.
8. LACK OF JOBS OR LIVELIHOODS
This might seem like a no-brainer: Without a job or a livelihood,

people will face poverty. Dwindling access to productive land
(often due to conflict, overpopulation, or climate change) and
overexploitation of resources like fish or minerals puts increasing
pressure on many traditional livelihoods.
What is extreme poverty?
Since 2015, the World Bank has defined extreme poverty as

people living on less than $1.90 a day, measured using the
international poverty line. But extreme poverty is not only about
low income; it is also about what people can or cannot afford.
Topic 5 Migration
MIGRATION
Topic 5 Migration
Migration
is the movement of people from one place to another. Migration
can be within a country or between countries. Migration can be
permanent, temporary or seasonal.
Topic 5 Migration
Internal Migration
~ from one place to another within the country
Topic 5 Migration
International Migration
~ movements towards to another country
Topic 5 Migration
TYPES OF HUMAN MIGRATION

External migration
~moving to a different state, country, or continent
Immigration
~ moving into a new country
Emigration
~leaving one country to move to another
Return migration
~ moving back to where you came from
Topic 5 Migration
TYPES OF HUMAN MIGRATION

Seasonal migration
~its the movement of population from their place of origin after
and before planting and harvesting activities, before and after
planting and harvesting seasons to job target places. Moving with
each season or in response to labor or climate conditions
Topic 5 Migration
PEOPLE WHO MIGRATE
An emigrant is a person who is leaving one country to live in

another.
An immigrant is a person who is entering a country from another
to make a new home.
A refugee is a person who has moved to a new country because
of a problem in their former home.
Topic 5 Migration
Topic 5 Migration
Topic 5 Migration
Why do people
migrate?
People migrate for many different reasons. These reasons can be
classified as economic, social, political or environmental:
Topic 5 Migration
Economic migration - moving to find work or follow a

particular career path
Social migration - moving somewhere for a better quality of

life or to be closer to family or friends
Political migration - moving to escape political persecution or

war
Environmental causes of migration include natural disasters

such as flooding
Topic 5 Migration
Push and pull factors

Push factors are the reasons why people leave an area.
They include:
•lack of services
•lack of safety
•high crime
•crop failure
•drought
•flooding
•poverty
•war
Topic 5 Migration
Pull factors are the reasons why people move

to a particular area.
They include:
•higher employment
•more wealth
•better services
•good climate
•safer, less crime
•political stability
•more fertile land
•lower risk from natural hazards
Topic 5 Migration
Migration usually happens

as a result of a combination
of these
push and pull factors
Topic 6 ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
ENVIRONMENTAL
ETHICS
Environmental ethics
is a branch of applied philosophy that studies the conceptual
foundations of environmental values as well as more concrete
issues surrounding societal attitudes, actions, and policies to
protect and sustain biodiversity and ecological systems.
Human centered or Anthropocentric
- environmental ethics focuses exclusively on the benefits of the

natural environment to humans and the threats to human beings
presented by the destruction of nature.
Nature centered or Ecocentrism
This is an area of philosophy that explores the relationship

between humans and the environment from a moral and ethical
perspective, attempting to define our responsibilities and
determine right actions
Human centered or Anthropocentric
- environmental ethics focuses exclusively on the benefits of the

natural environment to humans and the threats to human beings
presented by the destruction of nature.
Three basic pairs

of principles
Justice and Sustainability
The classic formal principle of justice is that equals should be

treated equally unless there is a sufficient reason to treat anyone
or anything unequally.
Sufficiency and Compassion
The principle of sufficiency mandates that all forms of life are

entitled to enough goods to live on and flourish
Solidarity and Participation
The principle of solidarity invites us to consider how we relate to

each other in community.
Topic 7 Pluralism vs. Fundamentalism
Pluralism vs.
Fundamentalism
Pluralism
- is a political philosophy holding that people of different beliefs,
backgrounds, and lifestyles can coexist in the same society and
participate equally in the political process.
The theory and mechanics

of pluralism are also
applied in the areas of
culture and religion.
Pluralism
- is a political philosophy holding that people of different beliefs,
backgrounds, and lifestyles can coexist in the same society and
participate equally in the political process.
Cultural pluralism
describes a condition in which minority groups participate fully in
all areas of the dominant society, while maintaining their unique
cultural identities.
Religious pluralism
should not be confused with “freedom of religion,” which refers to
all religions being allowed to exist under the protection of civil laws
or doctrine.
Fundamentalism
- is a religious movement that believes that the words found in
religious texts are literally true and can not be challenged by new
evidence or logical analyses.
- Another type of fundamentalism is

called communalism. This type of
fundamentalism seeks to organize
society along with a religious or ethnic
identity.
.
Types of
Fundamentalism
Christian fundamentalism
- is the belief that the text of the Bible was inspired by God.
Islamic fundamentalists
believe that the text of the Koran was literally dictated to their
prophet Mohammed by the archangel Gabriel.
Hindu fundamentalism
mostly revolves around creating a religious identity for the nation
of India
Topic 8 Millennials and Filennials
Millennials and
Filennials
Millennials
- Also known as ‘Generation Y’ or the ‘‘Net Generation’’
- early 1980s as starting birth years and mid 1990s to early 2000s
as ending birth years.
- Millennials have been described as the first global generation
and the first generation that grew up in the Internet age.
- This generation comprises the largest age group in America and
Asia. Their age group is called the “yuppie” age (from the acronym
YUP or Young Urban Professionals).
Filennials or Filinnials
- Filipino Millennials). - It is term use to denote for the
Filipino Millennials.
- Millennials in the Philippines are
described as those who are social
Filinnials media-dependent and also, the
“selfie” generation.
- However, there are also good
attitudes which millennials possess:
being politically and socially-
engaged.
Values Of Millennials is and Fillennials

-Selflessness.
-Determination
-Courage
-Self-Reliance
-Love of family
-Love of country
-Kindness
-Respect
Characteristics of Millennials
• Technologically savvy and connected
>Millennials grown up with digital devices
that will serve or guide as there communication
, entertainment, shopping, mapping and
education all in one.Millennials clearly adapt
faster to computer and internet services
because they have always
had them.
They go at their own pace

Millennials live by their own terms.
They solve problems and make decisions
through processes they made for themselves,
and don’t like anything
that hinders their creativity.
Achievement-focused
Millennials always seek out new learning opportunities,they
are willing to put extra effort to help the organization
succeed.
• They can be impulsive sometimes and

fearless.
• Open and adaptive to change
Oftentimes, this generation has been one of ushering in changes in business,

technology and the economy. Most seem to recognize that these industries are
constantly changing and that the methods of working within the modern-day
career field must change with them. Being adaptive to the continuously
changing atmosphere they live in also allows this generation to advance in and
take on a variety of roles
.
Passion for learning
This generation exhibits deep curiosity about

the world and displays the desire
to further develop skills and knowledge
that can help them within their professional lives
Free-thinking and creative
It could be from the vast availability of technological mediums, or the fact

that millennials grew up during the time of transition from conventional
methods to modernized and technologically advanced ways of working.
Because of this innovation, millennials may tend to be more imaginative
in their thinking
F
I
L
I
P
I
N
O
M I L L E N N I A L S
Politically and Socially

conscious
Refers to your awareness about your society.As a
millennial you acknowledge that the individual has a
uniqueness in your community.The awareness of
social issues
is in and giving a solution to it .
Topic 9 ETHICAL CHALLENGES AND RESPONSE
ETHICAL
CHALLENGES
AND
RESPONSE
What is
Ethical Challenges?
An ethical dilemma or ethical challenge is a problem in the
decision-making process between two possible options, neither of
which is absolutely acceptable from an ethical perspective.
●Someone's wrong can be your right which means your right will
definitely, at some point, be someone else's wrong. Most of the
time, the right choice is subjective.
The Different Generations

3 Separate Effects on Why there's a

Difference in Attitudes between
Generations:
1. Life Cycle or Age - differences brought by the influence of
their life cycle or age.
2. Period - event, situations, and broader social forces affecting

everyone.
3. Cohort - group of individuals having shared experiences

growing up which influence and develop their attitudes or
behaviour.
BABY BOOMER/S (1944-1964)

-is a term used to describe a person who was born between 1946
and 1964. The baby boomer generation makes up a substantial
portion of the world's population, especially in developed nations.
-The term "baby boomer" is derived from the boom in births that
took place after the return of soldiers from WWII.
MILLENNIALS/GENERATION Y (1980-1994)
-is a demographic that includes individuals who reached
adulthood around the turn of the 21st century. This definition of
the term discusses millennials in the workplace, millennials and
technology, millennials and culture.
-Howe and Strauss define the Millennial cohort as consisting of

individuals born between 1982 and 2004.
FILINNIALS (FILIPINO MILLENNIALS)

-Another spelling variation: Fillennials
-They are described as the "selfie generation" and followers of

social media.
-The social media opened their eyes that traditional media such
as TV, movies, radio and print are no longer the source of
information.
-Filinnials are usually spendthrifts.

THE DIFFERENCE OF FILINNIALS FROM

MILLENIALS
• According to the survey of a global study called The Truth
about the Youth, Filipino Millennials differ from other countries'
Millennials when it comes to:
1.Closeness to the family;
2.Activeness on social media; and
3.Perception on social responsibilities.
• These differences steam from the fact that the unique history
and economic, political and social conditions in the Philippines
shaped the Filinnials.
THE DIFFERENCE OF FILINNIALS FROM

MILLENIALS
• According to the survey of a global study called The Truth
about the Youth, Filipino Millennials differ from other countries'
Millennials when it comes to:
1.Closeness to the family;
2.Activeness on social media; and
3.Perception on social responsibilities.
• These differences steam from the fact that the unique history
and economic, political and social conditions in the Philippines
shaped the Filinnials.
WHEN FACING ETHICAL CHALLENGES:

• BABY BOOMERS • MILLENNIALS
• Stongly adheres to their own • Open minded and accepting.
beliefs and values. • Thinking out of the box.
• "When I was at your age..." • Multi-view
statement. • Takes on the internet to express
• Follow through on what their their sentiments.
religion stands or the tradtition. • Loves freedom.
• Obey the authority • Interested in and cares about
what is happening on their
community.
ISUE #1: SAME-SEX MARRIAGE

• Baby Boomers take an opposing view on this issue. They don't
support this because for them, marriage is between a man and
a woman, supporting it will destroy the sanctity of marriage and
a break of tradition.
• On the other hand, Millennials take an agreeable approach on
this issue. They support it as to that everyone, regardless of
gender, must have the right of marriage.
• On the Filinnials, tradition and upbringing may cause a different
stance on this issue
ISSUE #2: PRE-MARITAL SEX

• Baby Boomers and Millennials have engage in pre-marital sex,
but it's the Millennials who are more accepting of it than Baby
Boomers, according to a 2015 survey on sexual behaviours in
America. In 1970s, 29% said "nothing is wrong with it at all." It
increased to 42% by 1980s, 49% by 2000s, and 58% between
2010 and 2012.
• On the Philippine setting, again, tradition, upbringing and
religious views may differ the stance of Filinnials. However,
POPCOM said that 30% of youngsters ranging from 15-19
years old, have engaged in pre-marital sex by 2017. Mostly of
this is unprotected, thus, leading to higher teenage pregnancies
in the country.
WAYS ON COPING CHALLENGES:

• According to an article from • Do's and Dont's when speaking
MSU Online, there are ways on up:
how to act and to react when • Do's
faced by an unethical conduct or • Question your assumption.
unethical dilemma without losing • Gain perspective.
your own ethics: • Have a conversation.
• Repeat back and clarify. • Dont's
• Ask questions. • Forge ahead without a plan.
• Focus on someone's best • Make accusations.
interest.
• Suggest an alternative.
KNOW YOUR ETHICS:

• Ethics is the process of questioning, discovering and depending
our values, principles and purpose. It's about finding out who
we are and staying true to that in the face of temptations,
challenges and uncertainty.
• Maintaining your own ethical awareness and practicing sound

judgment are essential as you decide what steps to take in
dealing with ethical dilemmas.
Topic 10 THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN ETHICS
THE ROLE OF
RELIGION IN
ETHICS
What is religion?
• Committed of members of a religion follow rules and values
they deemed to be sanctioned by God and goddesses
Religion’s role in ethics?

• People derive non basic ethical principles and belief through
the right use of natural reason such as Aquinas principle “do
what is good and avoid what is evil”
Religious Fundamentalism and Ethics

• -Religious fundamentalism refers to (the) belief in "absolutely true"
religious truths that are practiced in the style of past traditions
• -religious fundamentalists believe that they have a special relationship

with God or their gods and goddesses, and that their beliefs are
opposed by "evil" forces that must be battled (ISIS fighters for
instance); (but) they handle their physical and psychological
deprivation by subconsciously transforming it into a spiritual and
moral crisis; religious teaching serves as an alibi for actions that
destroy the doers and people around them
• -Addressing religious fundamentalism, therefore, requires an adequate

constructive intervention by governments and citizens
Can we be Ethical without

being Religious?
If religion has a role in

moral decision-making,
then what should be that
role?
The link between religion and morality is

best illustrated by the Golden Rule.
Virtually all of the world’s great religions
contain in their religious texts some version
of the Golden Rule: “Do unto others as you
would wish them do unto you”
Religion
Expression of the
Golden Rule
Christianity :
All things whatsoever ye would that men
should do to you, Do ye so to them; for this
is the law and the prophets.
Confucianism :
Do not do to others what you would not

like yourself
Then there will be no resentment against
you, either in the family or in the state.
Buddhism :
Hurt not others in ways that you

find hurtful.
Islam :
No one of you is a believer until he desires
for his brother that which he desires for
himself.
Thank
You !

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Moral Challenges of Globalization - Karen

Global Ethics - Reslyn

Global Problems - Jolina

Environmental Ethics - Christine

Pluralism vs. Fundamentalism - Giecell

Values and Characteristics - Romalyn

Ethical Challenges and Response - Benjie

The Rule of Religion in Ethics - Japheth

-A tax is a compulsory financial

-Taxation is the system by which a

The 18th-century economist and

•The benefit principle

Under the benefit principle, taxes are seen as serving a function

•The ability-to-pay principle

• Economics studies the production, distribution, and

• Economics provides a framework for understanding the actions

• Inclusive growth perfectly facilitates the stability and

The moral challenges

The moral challenges

BUT GROUP ORGANIZATION POINTS TO SEVERAL

1.The Real Crisis

Renewed focus on human security, through going democracy , and economic

5.Trade and aid

Debt forgiveness should be part of an expanded program of just humanitarian

Refers to a set of common moral

•VALUES OF GLOBAL ETHICS

-Is to check world poverty and international Aid, Environmental

•IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL ETHICS

-To investigates some of the most important moral problems

•Some of the most common ethical

-organizations encounter globally include

-outsourcing, working standards and

-conditions, workplace diversity and equal

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS

•1. INEQUALITY AND

“Inequality” is an easy, but sometimes misleading term used to

Conflict is one of the most common forms of risk driving poverty

3. HUNGER, MALNUTRITION, AND

4. POOR HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS ESPECIALLY

Extreme poverty and poor health often go hand in hand. In

5. LITTLE OR NO ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER,

Currently, more than 2 billion people don’t have access to clean

Not every person without an education is living in extreme

7.LACK OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

8. LACK OF JOBS OR LIVELIHOODS

This might seem like a no-brainer: Without a job or a livelihood,

What is extreme poverty?

Since 2015, the World Bank has defined extreme poverty as

TYPES OF HUMAN MIGRATION

TYPES OF HUMAN MIGRATION

PEOPLE WHO MIGRATE

An emigrant is a person who is leaving one country to live in

Economic migration - moving to find work or follow a

Social migration - moving somewhere for a better quality of

Political migration - moving to escape political persecution or

Environmental causes of migration include natural disasters

Push and pull factors