Industrialised Building Construction CBRI

Industrialized Building Construction and Modular Coordination
 Humanity in its initial phase developed craft to make all things necessary for its survival and even comfortable
living.
 ‘Craft’ is development and employment of human skill and labour to produce artifact and pieces of utility.
 It requires a person to develop the skill, knowledge and practice to employ it to each piece for it to materialize.
 Each piece produced is, at the most identical but more often unique.
 It becomes costly since so many man hours goes into its production.
 ‘Craft’ way of producing things do not makes sense to produce identical things therefore mass production is
not natural to this way of working.
 As the demand for identical things in great numbers increase, this way of working is not effective.
 Industry is ‘quantity focused’ and a employs the skills and efforts to generate identical things in large numbers.
 Industrialization necessitates certain protocols to be followed to make it practically viable

Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages:
1. Faster production
2. More economical for mass production
3. Manage Quality control
4. Faster Research and development makes improvement possible
Disadvantages:
5. Proto typing of product
6. Flexibility of use is reduced
7. Reliance on larger setups for producing simplest of utilitarian objects.
Industialization of Building Construction
Industrialization of entire building as an product is difficult since every building is different than other in various aspects i.e.
site, designed use, climate response etc.
It is possible to industrialize the production of components if building and assemble them on site.
A system of such component manufacturing and then assembly can be set up as an industry.
Industrialized Building System can be defined as building systems in which structural

components are manufactured in a factory, on or off site, transported and assembled into a
structure with minimal additional site works.
It an be introduced to achieve the target of faster completion with mass production of the
building elements in places out of its final location in a building.
It has been proved to be beneficial to construction activites in developed countries, especially where fast
construction is a necessity and Human labour is costly.
In India, process of industrialization of building construction is slower since human labour is cheap and we are
not very time conscious.
Industialization of Building Construction: Industrialised Building Systems (IBS)
Characteristics Of IBS
 One of the major characteristics of the IBS is the Industrial production of components through
prefabrication, “OR” sometimes highly mechanized in-situ processes i.e. permanent steel formworks, tunnel
forms, etc.
 Reduced labor during prefabrication of components and site works.
 Modern design and manufacturing methods involving Information Technology like usage of Computer Aided
design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).
 Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles.
 Open Building Concept- permitting hybrid applications, and adaptable to standardization and MC (Modular
Coordination)
Classification Of IBS
There are various Industrialized Building Systems (IBS) used throughout the world, and they can be classified
into three major categories. These categories are:-
1. Frame or Post & Beam System.
2. Panel System.
3. Box system.
Frame or post & Beam system is the simplest as it has always been(in our vernacular architecture) a preformed
elements of stone or wood etc. however, the standardization of sizes were more dependent on the availability
of material.
Box system is the most sophisticated due to its assembly and handling issues.
FRAME SYSTEM: Frame
structures may be
defined as those
structures that carry the
loads through their
beams and girders to
column and to the
ground. Their important
feature is the capacity to
transfer heavy loads over
large spans. Used in the
construction of bridges,
parking lots, warehouses,
industrial buildings, sport
facilities and so on.
FRAME SYSTEM: Frame
structures may be
defined as those
loads through their
column and to the
FRAME SYSTEM: Frame
structures may be
defined as those
loads through their
column and to the
PANEL SYSTEM
Panel system may be
defined as those
structures
that carry the load
through large floor and
wall panels.
Concrete panel systems
are extensively used in
Europe for high rise
building for ease of
construction purpose.
Used in Hollow core
slabs, Interior & Exterior
Wall.
PANEL SYSTEM
Panel system may be
defined as those
structures
that carry the load
through large floor and
wall panels.
Concrete panel systems
are extensively used in
Europe for high rise
building for ease of
construction purpose.
Used in Hollow core
slabs, Interior & Exterior
Wall.
BOX SYSTEM Box
system may be defined
as those systems that
use 3D modules (or
boxes) for fabrication of
habitat units. The main
features of this system
are in the internal
stability as it can
withstand load from
various directions.
Require only large
prefabricated sections
to be transported or
handled at one time.
WHY IBS???
Scenario in construction industry compared to other sectors is that the construction
industry suffers from low productivity, safety and quality control.
Due to the traditional labor-intensive practices, the 3- D Syndrome (Dirty, Difficult &
Dangerous) has always been associated with the construction industry.
IBS is a good solution for these kind of problems of the construction industry- messy
sites, high wastages, labor intensive works, low quality work, delays.
ADVANTAGES
1. Reduction of site labor; Low site workers requirement due to simplified
construction methods.
2. Minimal wastage; Reduction of construction waste with the usage of the

standardized components and less in-site works.
3. Less site material; Reduction of construction materials at sites through

usage of pre-fabricated components.
4. Cleaner environment ; Cleaner sites due to lesser construction waste.
ADVANTAGES
5. Controlled quality; controlled and highly aesthetic end products through
the processes of controlled prefabrication and simplified installations.
6. Neater and safer site; Safer construction sites due to the reduction of site
workers, materials and construction waste.
7. Faster Project Completion; Faster completion of construction projects due

to the usage of standardized pre-fabricated components and simplified
installation processes.
8. Lower total construction cost;

Industialization of Building Construction: Objectives in India
There is Considerable shortage of houses in the country. which is also

increasing continuously, especially for EWS and LIG groups.
Problem of housing being greatest amongst the lower income groups, both
rural and urban, the greatest stress is being laid on housing for these target
groups.
This calls for development and standardization of new building materials and
construction techniques which are simple and economical, commensurate
with structural and hygienic safety and durability, in order to ensure speedy
and economical construction.
Industialization of Building Construction: context in India
• Industrialization to focus to achieve cost cutting while maintaining the

quality.
• Shortage of Skilled labour but substantial availability of unskilled Human

labour.
• Application to housing projects in rural areas where land cost is

substantially low and therefore exercise in cost cutting is focused on
construction material and technology.
• The structures typically have short to medium spans.

Industialization of Building Construction: Central Building Research Institute (CBRI)
Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) works under Council for scientific & industrial Research which is
a contemporary R&D organization of Government of India.
CBRI develops cutting edge technologies for building construction applicable for specific situation.
CBRI has developed several low cost technologies applicable for mass construction of low cost housing.
CBRI do not market the components of buildings but only promotes a system of construction.
Some of the roofing and flooring systems developed and promoted by CBRI are;
1. Partially Precast R.C. Planks and R.C. Joist roofing and Flooring
2. Precast R.C. Channel System for roofing and Flooring
3. Precast waffle units for roofing and Flooring
4. Reinforced Brick panels for roofing and Flooring
5. Precast doubly curved shells for roofing and Flooring
6. Precast R.C. ‘L’ Panels for roofing
Industialization of Bldg Const.: Partially Precast R.C. Planks and R.C. Joist roofing and Flooring
Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) works under Council for scientific & industrial Research which is
a contemporary R&D organization of Government of India.
CBRI develops cutting edge technologies for building construction applicable for specific situation.
CBRI has developed several low cost technologies applicable for mass construction of low cost housing.
CBRI do not market the components of buildings but only promotes a system of construction.
Some of the roofing and flooring systems developed and promoted by CBRI are;
1. Partially Precast R.C. Planks and R.C. Joist roofing and Flooring
2. Precast R.C. Channel System for roofing and Flooring
3. Precast waffle units for roofing and Flooring
4. Reinforced Brick panels for roofing and Flooring
5. Precast doubly curved shells for roofing and Flooring
6. Precast R.C. ‘L’ Panels for roofing

Industrialised Building Construction CBRI

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Industrialized Building Construction and Modular Coordination

 Industrialization necessitates certain protocols to be followed to make it practically viable

Industrialized Building System can be defined as building systems in which structural

 Reduced labor during prefabrication of components and site works.

 Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles.

2. Minimal wastage; Reduction of construction waste with the usage of the

3. Less site material; Reduction of construction materials at sites through

7. Faster Project Completion; Faster completion of construction projects due

8. Lower total construction cost;

There is Considerable shortage of houses in the country. which is also

• Industrialization to focus to achieve cost cutting while maintaining the

• Shortage of Skilled labour but substantial availability of unskilled Human

• Application to housing projects in rural areas where land cost is

• The structures typically have short to medium spans.

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