Module I:

EARTHQUAKES
AND FAULTS
LESSON 1: EARTHQUAKES AND
FAULTS (INTRODUCTION)
OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe what fault is and how these
faults related to earthquakes.
2. Determine the extent of damage an
earthquake can do in a particular
location 
 On July 1990, a strong earthquake hit
Luzon. Have you heard about it? Maybe
not, because it happened before you were
born. But if your parents are from Luzon,
they surely know about the earthquake. It is
possible that they were even affected by it.
 Article Reading
Earthquake wreaks havoc in the Philippines
More than 1,000 people are killed when a 7.7-
magnitude earthquake strikes Luzon Island in the
Philippines on this day in 1990. The massive tremor
wreaked havoc across a sizeable portion of Luzon, the
country’s largest island, with Baguio City suffering the
most devastating effects.
 The epicenter of the quake, which struck at
4:26 p.m., was north of Manila in the Nueva
Ecija province. Reports indicate that the
shaking went on for nearly a full minute.
Collapsing buildings were the main cause of
damage and death. Getting out of a multi-story
building was a good safety precaution that
afternoon, although many people were injured
and a few even died in stampedes of others
doing the same thing.
 At Christian College, a six-story building
completely collapsed, trapping
approximately 250 students and teachers
inside. Heroic rescue efforts saved many,
but some victims who did not die in the
collapse were found dead later from
dehydration because they were not
pulled out in time.
 All types of buildings, including several resort hotels in
Baguio, known as the Philippines’ Summer Capital, suffered
tremendous damage. Most of the city’s 100,000 residents slept
outdoors that evening and during the following week, afraid to
return to their homes amid the frequent aftershocks. For days,
workers pulled bodies from the demolished buildings in
Baguio. The best estimate is that 1,000 bodies were eventually
recovered. At least another 1,000 people suffered serious
injuries. Rescue efforts were hampered severely because the
three main roads into the city were blocked by landslides.
Hundreds of motorists were stranded on the roads as well.
Outside of Baguio, a chemical factory fire also caused terrible
damage. The Tuba gold and copper mine in the area lost 30
workers when a mine collapsed.
 Baguio, sitting on at least seven fault
lines, is now listed as one of the most
risk-prone cities in Asia. In addition to
the risk of earthquakes, the area’s high
annual rainfall increases the likelihood of
deadly landslides.
 American military personnel stationed in
the Philippine archipelago took part in the
relief effort. The area was revisited by
disaster less than a year later when Mount
Pinatubo erupted. Some geologists believe
the two events were connected.
 Questions:
1. Where is the epicenter of the earthquake?
2. How many individuals are affected by the
earthquakes?
3. Discuss how devastating a 7.7 intensity
earthquake is.
 CRITERIA RATING

Role Playing The concept being

conveyed is delivered
clearly.
5 4 3 2 1

  Role was played in a

convincing and
5 4 3 2 1

consistent manner.
Make a 2 -3 minute Role-play was well 5 4 3 2 1
role playing act prepared and
organize.
showing what people Role-play captured 5 4 3 2 1
do when earthquake and maintained
audience interest.
strikes.
Earthquake
Is a sudden movement of the earth's crust
caused by the release of stress accumulated
along geologic faults or by volcanic activity
which can result to destruction of properties
and the loss of many lives.
1. When was the 7.7
Earthquake took place in the
Philippines?
a. 1990 b. 1991
c. 1890 d. 1891 A
2. Where in the Philippines this
earthquake have badly hit?
a. Luzon b. Mindanao
c. Mindoro d. Baguio D
3. Which of the following are safer in during
an earthquake?
a. inside the house
b. outside in an open area
c. inside the car
d. under a tree
B
4. Which agency of the government in
the Philippines is monitoring the
movement of the earth crust?
a. PHIVOLCS
c. PAGASA
b. DOST
d. DENR A
5. It is a sudden movement of the earth's
crust caused by the release of stress
accumulated along geologic faults or by
volcanic activity.
a. typhoon b. flood
c. tsunami d. earthquake
D
ASSIGNMENT:
Cut or copy 1 newspaper clippings
about Earthquakes that happens
in CALABARZON Area. You can also
get your news item from the
internet. (Short bond paper)