Welcome to ONLINE

MVT training 15.06.2021

K.S.PARMAR- GM (P)
LOCATION MAMAGER-WSS
WS-MEHSANA
 Today’s Topic

• Various Well Stimulations Services

Units
• Coil Tubing Units
• Nitrogen Pumping Unit and
• Various W/Line Units
• Logging
• W/Line unit (conventional)
 Well Stimulation Services
• Well stimulation is a well intervention
performed on an oil or gas well to
increase production by improving the
flow of hydrocarbons from the 
reservoir  into the  well bore.
• It may be done using a well
stimulator structure known as "Well
stimulation units".
Types Of Well Stimulation Services

• Hydraulic Fracturing

• Acidization
 Types of Allied Services

• Coil Tubing
• Sand Control
• Nitrogen
• Hot oil Circulation
• Casing tubing Cleaning
• Thermo gel Plug
ONGC owns a fleet of nearly 125 units
at different location of India.
• Coil Tubing Unit
• Sand Blender & Dumper
• Nitrogen Pumper & Nitrogen Bulk carrier
(Cryogenic vessel)
• Hot oiler
• MPPU Multi purpose pumping Units
• Frac Pumper
• Acid Pumper
• DATA Acquisition van
Precautions needs to take prior to
Well Stimulation Jobs

• TBT: Tool Box Talk

• JSA : Job Safety Analysis

• PPE : Personal Protective Equipment

 Four Basic steps of JSA

• Selecting the job to be analyzed

• Breaking the job down into a
sequence of steps
• Identifying potential hazards
• Determining preventive measures to
overcome these hazards
Hydraulic Fracturing
 Hydraulic Fracturing

• Hydraulic fracturing is the process by

which the rock is broken up, allowing the
oil and gas trapped inside to flow to the
well.
• Although new technologies have made
the use of hydraulic fracturing increasingly
prevalent, it is not a new practice.
 Hydraulic Fracturing

• Hydraulic fracturing is currently the

most popular as it has proven to be
more effective, efficient, and safer
than older methods and has been
used in over 1 million wells worldwide
over the last six decades.
• However, all three methods are
often used.
 Acidization

• Acidizing is a stimulation method where

wells are treated by pumping acid down
hole in order to dissolve pores into the rock
and improve the flow of hydrocarbon. As
with fracing, acidizing enlarges existing flow
channels and opens new channels back into
the wellbore.
 Acidization
• In most of the primary shale plays being
exploited today, the role of acidization has
taken a back seat to hydraulic fracturing as
far as stimulation goes. Acidizing is more
effective in conventional formations such as
limestone, dolomite and carbonate
reservoirs.
 Precautions during Acid Job

• Stay away from Acid bunk

• Strictly Follow SOP.
 Coil Tubing Unit
• A cost and time effective solution for well
intervention operations employs coiled
tubing. Instead of removing the tubing from
the well, which is how work over rigs fix the
problem, coiled tubing is inserted into the
tubing against the pressure of the well and
during production. 
• CT Size 1" to 3.25 "
• BHA can be used for drilling and milling.
• It's a cheaper version of work over
operations.
• It is used to perform open hole drilling and
milling operations. 
Barriers to Maintain Well in Control
 Coil Tubing Unit
• Size 1" to 3.25 "
• BHA can be used for drilling and
milling.
• It's a cheaper version of workover
operations.
• It is used to perform open hole
drilling and milling operations. 
 Coil Tubing Components
• Coil Tubing
• Tubing Reel
• Injector
• Stuffing Box
• Blow Out Preventer BOP
• Control Console, the power pack
and crane.
Coil Tubing Unit
Application of Coil Tubing Unit
• Circulation
• Nitrogen Pumping
• Coil Tubing Drilling
• Production
• Sand Washing With Foam
• Sand Washing With nitrified water
Liquid Nitrogen Unit
 N2 Activation.
• The nitrogen gas is circulated into
the production conduit to displace
liquids and reduce the hydrostatic
pressure created by the fluid column
hence, Nitrogen lifting is common
technique used to initiate production,
generally a coiled tubing is utilized
but it can be directly injected via the
annulus.
 Advantages Of N2 application

• Enriched Sources
• Low Cost
• High Security
• Better boost Pressure
• Non-Corrosive
Precautions during N2 Operations

• Stay away from liquid nitrogen

• Do not cross the pumping line
when pressurised
• Follow SOP.
Wireline Units Logging
 Types of Well Logs
• Electrical resistivity well logs tell you how hard it is for an
electric current to pass through a formation. This is also an
indication of whether the water in the potential well is fresh
or salty. (Salt water conducts more electricity making it easier
for the electric current to pass through.)

Acoustic well logs tell you how easy it is for sound waves to

travel through the formation. This is useful to see if water is
present in the formation.

Gamma ray or radioactivity well logs let you know how

much shale is present in the formation.

• Induction well logs take the place of electrical resistivity logs

when working with wells containing oil or air.

• Spontaneous potential (SP) well logs tell you how porous

or permeable the formation is.
Wireline Unit
 What is wireline Units?
In the oil and gas industry, the
term wireline usually refers to a
cabling technology used by operators
of oil and gas wells to lower
equipment or measurement devices
into the well for the purposes of well
intervention, reservoir evaluation, and
pipe recovery.
 Wireline Components

• Wireline slick line

• Wire Drum
• Stuffing Box
• Sheaves
• Lubricators
• w/Line Blow Out Preventer
• Control Console, the power pack
Wireline Equipment
Wireline BOP-Rams
 Use of Wireline

• Scrapping of tubing
• GLV replacement
• Sliding Sleeve Opening and Closing
• Installation of Flow Choke
• Temporary isolation of the well bore.
Scraping of the
Tubing
 Scraping of the Tubing

• The presence of paraffin wax in crude oil

has caused flow and mechanical problems
while the oil is flowing from the well bore.
• Temperature is observed to be the main
factor that controls saturation of the
paraffin wax in oil.
• The removal of paraffin wax & scale from
tubing string is an urgent problem in the
production of the oil & gas.
 Scraping of the Tubing
• Scale begins to form when the state of
any natural fluid is perturbed in such a
way that the solubility limit for one or
more components is exceeded.
The solubility limits shall change when
there shall be:
Temperature variation
⮚ Pressure variation
⮚ Release of Gases from formation fluid
like CO2
⮚ Change in pH
⮚ Contact with in-compatible waters
 Scraping of the Tubing
• Scale deposition in production
tubing may occur as a thick layer
adhering to the inside of the tubing. It’s
often centimeters thick and has
crystals up to one cm or larger. The
primary effect of scale growth on
tubing is to lower the production rate
by increasing the surface roughness of
the pipe and reducing the flowing area.
The driving pressure therefore goes up
and the production goes down.
Scraping of the Tubing
 Tubing Gauge Cutters

These gauges are normally slightly smaller than the minimum ID of the
tubing to allow the gauge to pass through the tubing but stop if any
obstruction is encountered in the tubing bore. These gauges are
beveled to remove paraffin deposits or light scale deposits from the
tubing wall.
Tubing Gauge Cutters
Stem
Knuckle jar
Wire-Grab