IGNITION

GROUP NO.5| PHARMACEUTICS

Topic Contents:

 Definition
.  Apparatus
 Methods
 Methods/Layout
 Applications
 References
  Ignition also known as incineration is a process by which
organic substances is strongly heated until whole of the
Definition: carbonaceous matter burns & an inorganic residue left
behind.
APPARATUS

 Crucibles:
     Crucibles are cup-shaped vessels
made with such material that they will
stand extremely high temperature.
 Incinerators:
      Ignition incinerators are used in hospital pharmacy to burn infectious waste.

Fig: Incinerator
METHODS/LAYOUT:
• IGNITION WITH HEAT LAMP: 
Process:

 The filter containing the precipitate is folded, laid in the crucible and heated
slowly until the filter is reduced to ash.
 When cooled it is placed in the desiccator. 
Via Copper
Drying
Oven:
Process:
 It is a single walled copper box placed on a stand with a Bunsen burner placed
below .
 An opening is present for the insertion of thermometer.
 The ovens are constructed with double walls to admit filling with water.
 After process of ignition the substance is allowed to cool in a dessicator. 
• via PARRISH'S GAS FURNACE:
Structure:

 Parrish’s furnace is a cast of iron open at the bottom.

 A brass burner of two rings passes into the body of the furnace near the bottom.
 Rings are perforated for the ignition by jet of gas.
Examples:

1 2 3 4
Potash:Its ignition Ferric acid: it is Pyrophosphoric Ammonio-
brings it into state converted into acid:it ignites at magnesium
of carbonate. ferric oxide. 213̊C phosphate
Applications:

 For the standardization of organic substances and crude drugs by means of

gravimetric analysis.
 In hospital pharmacy to burn syringes
 In sprays 
 To determine impurities of organic salts of alkali metals ( such as tartarates,
citrate, benzoate & many drugs.)
 Purity of drugs is determined by its ash content.
References:

 Handbook of pharmacy by Virgil Coblentz  page no.52,68,69,110,334,408,518

 Treatise on pharmacy  sixth edition volume 2 by P.Remington page
no.100,110,122,176,178,265,503
 Compend  of pharmacy Eighth edition revised and enlarged by F.E Stewart  page
no.14,81,99