"Any relationship between a building and its users is one of violence, for any

use means the intrusion of a human body into a given space, the intrusion of
one order into another."
 BERNARD TSCHUMI
Born – January 25th ,1944
Swiss – French architect, writer and educator
Inspirations – Art, Literature and Filmmaking
INTRODUCTION :

His father was a great architect which also made him to think in like he knows all before starting. In his teenage he was
more interested in literature, film, philosophy and more, but when he was 17, he visited Chicago, USA. he discovered
what a great city is, and then he decided to do architecture.

HOW MANHATTAN TRANSCROPTS CAME INTO EXISTENCE :

He developed a mode of expression which he used to call a notion which means architecture is not about plan
,sections,
Elevations but also movements of bodies in spaces which in turned to be called Manhattan transcripts
 INFLUENCES
• In the 1970s, while he was teaching at the Architectural Association School in London, he
came up with a ‘strategy of disjunction’, which was based on his belief that architecture and
contemporary culture can be best explained through fragmentation and not through unity.

• Inspired by the linguistic theories of Jacques Derrida, he began to deconstruct the various
elements of architecture. He expanded and carried forward the ideas of thinkers like Roland
Barthes and Michel Foucault when he combined film and architecture to explain and
reexamine architecture’s responsibilities in implementing the unquestioned set notions.

• Tschumi was also inspired by the structural diagramming and theories used by Russian
cinematographer, Sergei Eisenstein and implemented those ideas to understand the relation
between elements like space, event and movement in terms of architecture. Over time, he
has Riya Paul Sustainable Constructivism: Traditional vis-à-vis Modern Architecture ISBN: 978-
93-83083-76-3 154 discussed and published elaborate theories on defamiliarization, de-
structuring, superimposition and cross-programming.
DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES
Bernard Tschumi has always been rather intrigued by the interaction
between the three very fundamentals of design –

CONCEPT, CONTEXT AND CONTENT.

“There is no architecture without a concept –an overarching idea,

diagram, or parti that gives coherence and identity to a building. Concept,
not form, is what distinguishes architecture from a mere building.”
Tschumi formulated that these factors can relate in three basic ways –INDIFFERENCE, RECIPROCITY AND CONFLICT.

INDIFFERENCE: The condition where any of the one of the participating component remains absolutely ignorant of the
other. They co-exist, but never interfere.

RECIPROCITY: The condition when the architectural concept or the content interacts closely with one another,
complimenting each other and merging effortlessly.

CONFLICT: The condition that occurs where one of the factors collide strategically with the other. Such a condition may
require negotiation of either party for their survival.

Limoges Concert Hall - It is the exploration of movement and

VACHERON CONSTANTIN – EXAMPLE OF INDIFFERENCE
enclosure apart from the material and spatial choices.
 IDEALOGIES AND THINKING

• "Any relationship between a building and its users is one of violence, for any use means the intrusion of a human
body into a given space, the intrusion of one order into another." - (Tschumi in Architecture and Disjunction )

• FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION TO CONCEPTS FOLLOW CONTENT.

• Architecture is not about space and form, but also about event, action and what happens in the space.

• RED IS NOT A COLOR

NEW ACROPOLIS MUSEUM, ATHENS
Bernard Tschumi always begins projects by forming
questions, the answers to which often lead to a
possible solution for the building

• “How to make an architectural statement at the

foot of the Parthenon, arguably one of the most
influential buildings of all time?

• How to design a building on a site already

occupied by extensive archeological excavations,
and in an earthquake-prone zone?

• How to design a museum to contain the most

important collection of classical Greek sculptures
and a singular masterpiece, the Parthenon Frieze,
currently still located at the British Museum?”
CONCLUSION

• PRAGMATIC
• REPITITION
• DISCONTINUITY
• RUPTURE
• FRAGMENTATION
• TRANSFORMATION
• SUPERIMPOSITION
 BOOKS :
• MANHATTAN TRANSCRIPTS
• ARCHITECTURE AND DISJUNCTION
• PARC
• EVENT CITIES I ,II,III,IV,V
• NOTATION
• RED IS NOT A COLOR
• ARCHITECTURE IN /OF MOTION