BAHASA SISTEM INFORMASI ILMU KOMPUTER

INGGRIS I

GERUNDS OR INFINITIVES

Annisa Latifa

Demi Lidya Landau, S.Pd., M.Hum 21.12.2174

WHAT IS GERUND?
• Gerunds is the -ing form of a verb used as a noun

• To form gerunds, use

the base form + -ing
ex : I enjoy learning English

• To form negative gerunds, use not + gerund

ex : Not speaking English well is
my biggest problem in this country
 SUBJECT

GERUND'S POSITIONS IN A
OBJECT
SENTENCE

OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
 • It is always singular.
• Subject is something that is being discussed

GERUNDS USED AS
SUBJECTS OF THE
SENTENCE .
GERUNDS USED AS OBJECTS
• Is a noun that receives the action of a transitive action
verb
• Generally found after action verb
• You can determine if a word is a direcj object by asking
whom? or what?

EXAMPLE :
• On their vacation, the Rezendes discovered snorkling
• In the summer, Kara prefers swimming
• Shopia likes jumping on the trampoline
GERUNDS AS OBJECT OF
PREPOSITION

EXAMPLE :

• He's excited about playing tennis

• You get food grades by studying hard
WHAT IS INFINITIVES?
• Infinitives is to + the simple form of a verb

• To form infinitives, use

to + base form of the verb
ex : I want to dance

• To form negative infinitives, use

not + infinitive
ex : he decided not to go to the party
INFINITIVE'S POSITIONS IN A SUBJECT

SENTENCE
PURPOSE
 INFINITIVES IN THE SUBJECT POSITION
Ex : To live in the United states ismy dream

INFINITIVES OF PURPOSE
Ex : I came here in order to learn
 DIFFERENCES
OF
GERUND AND INFINITIVE
 Gerunds,
often follow verbs that indicate that an action is happening or
has happened
The action expressed by the verb comes at the same time or after the action
expressed by the gerund
Example : We enjoy going to concerts

Infinitives,
Often follow verbs that indicate that an
action will or could happen
The action expressed by the verb comes
before the action expressed by the infinitive
Ex : We hope to go to the concert
Verbs that are followed by a noun phrase + infinitive
can also be followed by a gerund. The gerund makes it general and the infinitive make
specific the person indicated.

Example :

• They allow smoking in this building

They allowed me to smoke in this building

• I like cooking
I like to cook

• She started losing weight

She started to lose weight
When a specific performer of the gerund action needs to be
indicated, a possessive noun or a possessive determiner is
used

Example :
• I really appreciate Karen's/ her writing that letter
for me
• Peter's/ his coming late really annoys me
When an infinitive functions as a subject, any stated
subject of the infinitive should be preceded by for. If a
pronoun follows for, it must be in object form

When the subject of a gerund is stated,

it takes the possessive form
BAHASA
INGGRIS I

THANK YOU FOR

LISTENING!