MODIFIED RELEASE

DOSAGE FORM

Done by:
lecturer Ahmed Abdulameer

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 Introduction

• Modified release dosage forms are drug delivery systems (DDS)

which, by virtue of formulation and product design, provide drug
release in a modified form distinct from that of the conventional
dosage forms.

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 This is achieved by development of new various modified drug
release dosage forms, like:
• Control release dosage forms
• Sustained release dosage forms
• Delayed-release dosage forms
• Repeat action
• Site specific or targeted drug delivery systems

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 1- CONTROLLED RELEASE DRUG
DELIVERY

• Designed to release their medication in controlled manner, at pre-

determined rate, duration and location in the body to achieve and
maintain optimum therapeutic blood levels of drug.

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2- SUSTAINED RELEASE DRUG
DELIVERY
Any of the dosage form that maintains the therapeutic blood or
tissue levels of drug by continuous release of medication for a
prolonged period of time, after administration of a single dose.
In case of injectable dosage forms it may vary from days to months.

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• Sustained release dosage form are designed to provide an
immediate release of drug which promptly produces the desired
therapy, followed by gradual and continual release of additional
amounts of drug to maintain this effect over a predetermined period
of time.

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Rationale for sustained release
pharmaceuticals

1- Multiple daily dosing is often inconvenient and can

result in missed doses, made-up doses and patient
non-compliant with therapeutic regimen.

2- Blood levels of drugs from conventional immediate-

release dosage forms taken more than once daily
following definite schedule usually demonstrate
sequential peaks and troughs (valleys) associated with
each dose.

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 Rationale for sustained release
pharmaceuticals

3- Extended release tablets or capsules are commonly taken only once or

twice daily compared with the conventional dosing of 2 to 4 times daily.

4-The need for night dosing of drugs may be eliminated.

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 Advantages of sustained-release Dosage
Forms over Conventional Forms

1- Reduction in drug blood level fluctuations

2- Reduction in frequency of dosing

3- Enhanced patient compliance

4- Reduction in incidence of adverse side effects

5- Reduction in overall healthcare costs.

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Friday, January 14, 2022 10
 Terminology

• The following terms have been applied to “extended”

or “sustained” drug delivery systems:
• Extended release (ER)
• Sustained-release (SR)
• Timed-release (TR)
• Long-acting (LA)
• Prolonged-action (PA), and
• Sustained-action (SA)

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 sustained-release Oral Dosage Forms

The general properties of drugs best suited for ER product

design are:
• 1- They exhibit neither very slow nor very fast rates of
absorption and excretion

• 2- They are uniformly absorbed from the g.i.t.

• 3- They are administered in relatively small doses.

• 4- They possess a good margin of safety i.e. Therapeutic Index

(TI)

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3- Delayed-release products

•Usually enteric coated tablets or

capsules designed to pass through the
stomach unaltered to release their
medication within the intestinal tract.

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 Delayed-release

• These dosage forms designed to release the drug at a time other

than promptly after administration.

• The delay may be time-based or based on the influence of

environmental conditions such as g.i. pH, enzyme, pressure, etc

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4- Repeat action

• These are dosage forms usually containing 2 single doses of

medication, one for immediate and the second for delayed release
e.g. bi-layered tablets.

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 5-Targeted release

• Drug release that is directed towards isolating or concentrating a

drug in a body region, tissue, or site for absorption or drug action

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 MODIFIED RELEASE
DOSAGE FORM

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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