SUBJECT–

ACCOMODATION
OPERATION

TOPIC– SOFT
FURNISHINGS

2ND YEAR

IIHM DELHI

Faculty- Ms. Sapna Yadav

SOFT FURNISHING
 DEFINITION
 Things such as curtains, chair covers etc that
are made of cloth and are used in decorating
a room.

 Draperies-a decorative piece of material

usually hung in loose folds and arranged in a
graceful design
 SOFT FURNISHING
 For thousands of years, fabrics have been used
in furnishing to provide warmth, comfort,
protection and decoration.  They have been
used as draperies, padding, hangings and
coverings to provide comfort and protection. 
Fabrics are used a great deal in interiors
according to style, theme and décor.  Loose
draperies and hangings were common features in
medieval Europe.  The richness of the interiors
was concentrated in textiles.  These were
embroidered, dyed, painted to dramatically
alter the appearance of a bare room.
 SOFT FURNISHING
 Upholstery with fabrics and its techniques
had been mastered by the end of the
17th century, by borrowing splendid material
and lavish trimmings.  Initially these were
detachable loose covers, which were later
converted to fixed upholstery. These
wrappings were supposed to be removed
when the furniture was used. Furniture and
carpets beside silk damasks and velvets were
mostly produced in France and Italy.
 TEXTILES USED FOR SOFT
FURNISHING
• Types of Textiles

• Wool:
• Wool is an ideal fibre that is soft,
comfortable and dyes well. 
• It is also flame proof. 
• Wool jacquard and wool piles are suitable
upholstery material. 
• Knots and loops can be added to provide
interest to the surface.
 TEXTILES USED FOR SOFT
FURNISHING
Cotton:
Cotton is used extensively for upholstery particularly
for loose covers.  Cotton fabrics are easy to print
and dye with low prices.  Heavily dressed cotton
should be avoided. Cotton pile like corduroy and
velveteen are suitable for upholstery since they are
pleasant, comfortable and durable.

Linen:
Linen fibres are firmer more lustrous and stronger
than cotton ones.  However, they crease easily. 
They can be suitably blended with cotton.
 TEXTILES USED FOR SOFT
FURNISHING
Rayon:
Rayon is a synthetic fibre sometimes used as a
blend with natural fibres.  It is cheap and durable
with good abrasion resistance. Rayon velvets
and rayon brocades are used as silk substitutes.

Nylon:
Nylon is extensively used for stretch covers. 
The fibre is knitted and provides greater
elasticity.  This may be blended with wool. Nylon
fibres are quite tough and abrasion resistant.
 SOFT FURNISHING SELECTION
Important Factors to Consider for
Upholstery Selection:

1.Resistance to abrasion
2.Resistance to fading and colour fastness
3.Crease Resistance
4.Resistant to pests
5.Resilience
6.Ease of cleaning
7.Wear and tear resistance
 SOFT FURNISHING –
CARE & MAINTENANCE
Upholstery should be protected from pests
and pets. 
Dogs and cats may damage them by their
claws and shredded hair.
Perching on the arms may cause damage
to arm covers.
Cigarette smoke is absorbed by
upholstery. 
Sunlight causes fading and discolouration
while heat may cause warping of wood.
 SOFT FURNISHING –
CARE & MAINTENANCE
 Remove stains by spotting as soon as they
occur and protect chair backs and arm
rests with loose covers. 
 Observe for woodworms, which may also
damage the fabric. 
 Remove seat cushions for even wear.
Wash or dry-clean removable covers and
shampoo fixed covers with dry foam
periodically.
 Leather upholstery should be dusted
regularly and brushed. 
 SOFT FURNISHING –
CARE & MAINTENANCE
 Cream polish may be applied.
   A cloth soaked in warm water with detergent
may be used to wipe lightly when excessively
soiled.
 Dry thoroughly and polish. 
 Plastic covered upholstery should be dusted
regularly, vacuumed and wiped with moist cloth.
 Condensation may cause moisture absorption of
fabrics.
SOFT FURNISHINGS
PELMET, VALANCE, SWAG
PELMET
VALANCE
SWAG
FUNCTIONS OF CURTAIN
FUNCTIONS OF CURTAIN
FUNCTIONS OF CURTAIN
FUNCTIONS OF CURTAIN
CARE & CLEANING OF
CURTAIN
LOOSE COVERS
LOOSE COVERS
LOOSE COVERS
CUSHIONS
BLANKETS
BLANKETS
QUILTS/DUVET
BEDSPREADS
BED-RUNNER
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Glass curtains-Also called sheer curtains are
usually made of cotton and Polyester
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Drapes-Also called over curtains ,these are
made of heavier fabrics and may be lined.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
CURTAIN AND DRAPES.
 Generally, drapes are floor length
while curtains drop to just below a window
sill. 14. Drapes usually have a backing on
them that gives them structure while hanging
on a rod while curtains are made to move in
the breeze.
CURTAINS VALANCE & SWAG
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Draw curtains-They are usually made-up of
opaque Fabric and are mounted on
transverse rods
NET CURTAIN
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Sash Curtains-These are type of glass curtain
hung on the window sash they can be
stretched taut between rods along the top
and bottom of the window sashes or hung in
loose folds.
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Casement curtains-These covers the entire
window and have casing at both top and
bottom.
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Tie Backs-Either on panel can be tied to back
to one side or both the panels can be tied
back to the two sides.
 TYPES OF CURTAINS

 French Café Curtains-These cover only the

lower part of the window with the casing slip
over attention rod mounted in window
frame.
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Criss cross curtains-These curtains are the
variation of tie back type. Both the curtain
panels overlap each other at the top along
the entire width of the window and then
they criss cross each other.
 TYPES OF CURTAINS

 Tier Curtains-These are double Decker café

curtains .
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Cottage Curtains-These are the combination
of the Café curtain and tie back styles.

 Roll ups-These are shades made of a sturdy

fabric and lined with a contrasting fabric
 TYPES OF CURTAINS

 Roll ups-These are shades made of a sturdy

fabric and lined with a contrasting fabric
 TYPES OF CURTAINS
 Fold Backs- These are made up of sets of two
double sided shades hung across the entire
width of the window on double curtain rods.
 CURTAIN ACCESSORIES
 Pelmets-an ornamental drapery or board
fixed above a window to conceal the curtain
rail.
Types of pelmets-
 Valance-A short drapery, decorative board,
or metal strip mounted especially across the
top of a window to conceal structural
fixtures.
 TYPES OF VALANCE
Types of valance-
 Shaped valence
 Ruffled valance
 Pleated Valance
 Square cut valence
 Scalloped valence
 CURTAIN ACCESSORIES
 Swag-It’s a valance with a tail(cascade).

Others-
Rods
Tie backs
Tassels
Brass brackets
 LOOSE COVERS
 A fitted but easily removable cloth cover for
a chair ,
 A slipcover (also called loose cover) is a
fitted protective cover that may be slipped
off and on a piece of upholstered furniture.
Slipcovers are usually made of cloth.
Slipcovers slip on and off, they come fresh,
and may be removed for seasonal change,
cleaning, moving, or storage.
PILLOW MENU
FEATHER PILLOW
FOAM PILLOW
CONTOUR PILLOW
CONTOUR PILLOW
PILLOW MENU
PILLOW MENU
 CUSHIONS

 A cushion (from Old French coisson, coussin;

from Latin culcita, a quilt) is a soft bag of
some ornamental material, stuffed with
wool, hair, feathers, polyester staple fiber,
non-woven material, or even paper torn into
fragments.
 TYPES OF CUSHION

 Embroidered cushions -The specialty of

cushion covers is that they represent the
culture and style of a particular region or
decade.
 TYPES OF CUSHION
 Velvet Cushions - Velvet is made up by
weaving as a double cloth on a specialized
loom in which thread sticks up and form a
soft mound.
 TYPES OF CUSHION
 Appliqué Cushions . The appliqué fabric was
the first used hand block with interesting
patterns made of natural colours. Rich
appliqué work labels the beauty to the
cushion covers. Fine stitches ensure its
durability that makes it long lasting
 TYPES OF CUSHION
 Patch Work Cushions - Patchwork cushion is
made by sewing many small pieces of fabrics
together with the help of needles. Because
of this quality of patchwork you get a great
combination of fabrics, patterns, designs and
colours.
 Orthopaedic seat cushions - These cushions
are used by people who are suffering from
back ache or want to prevent themselves
from it.
 TYPES OF CUSHION
 Brocade Cushion - Brocade fabric includes a
selection of natural images like; flowers,
plants, etc. Brocade is used for wedding
dresses, stage appearance and other
entertainment fields, so obviously the
cushions made with brocade fabric will have
an attractive look and will focus attention on
them.
 TYPES OF CUSHION

 Block Print Cushion Cover - Block print cushion

is the most common and widely used technique
of printing. A block is just like a stamp that
contains letters or any design. So block printing
provides options of getting a cushion that
contains the design of your choice. Either you
can get the ready-made printed cushions or
you can order the manufacturer to create a
different design on the wooden block for you.
BOLSTER COVER
 BLINDS
 A Protective covering that keeps things out
or hinders sight

Types of blind-
Venetian-Venetian blind has horizontal slats,
one above another. Venetian blinds are basic
slatted blinds made of metal or plastic
VENETIAN BLINDS
 BLINDS
 Roller blinds – Roller blinds are one of the
most functional blinds are widely used for
the office room in the house. Usually, these
blinds are made out of plastic material.
ROLLER BLINDS
 BLINDS
 Vertical blinds- are less likely to be damaged
in strong winds and to hold dirt, but are
more likely to break down. Generally they
require less muscle strength, and are faster
to operate.
VERTICAL LOUVRES
HANGING VERTICAL LOUVRES
 BLINDS
 Roman blinds – very similar to the roller
blinds, roman blinds can be moved up and
down as desired. Roman blinds are ideal for
imparting a luxurious look to a bedroom
BLINDS
 BLINDS
 Pinoleum blinds-They are inexpensive fine
strips of wood held together by cotton
PINOLEUMS
 BLINDS
 Balastore blinds-are perforated with small
holes to let light through either glare.
 BLINDS
 Pleated blinds-strong paper with smaller
pleats.
 BLINDS

 Austrian blinds-they may be partially raised

when fully raised become pelmet. Used in
banquets.
EXTERIOR BLINDS
ROLLER BLIND
BOTTOM PART OF THE LOUVRE
HOOK WITH RUNNER
CHANNEL & RUNNER
CURTAIN ROD WITH RUNNERS
CURTAIN ROD WITH
CIRCULAR HOOKS
PLASTIC HOOK & RUNNER
DOUBLE ROD
FABRIC LOOP HANGING
PENCIL PLEATS
PINCH PLEATS
BOX PLEATS
GOBLET PLEATS
VALANCE
VALANCE WITH A RAIL
FRILLED VALANCE
VALANCE & SWAG
SWAG TAIL
PELMET