Halo-HaloGens

SUBSTITUTED
HYDROCARBONS
Ha l oge nat e d Com punds

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QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED

• What are Halogens?

• What are Halogen Compounds?
• How do we Identify Halogenated Compounds?
• What are some examples of Halogenated Compounds?

Presentation Goals:
• Enumerate the Halogen
Compounds
• Explain how these
compounds are named
• Explain the exceptions

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INTRODUCING THE HALOGEN ELEMENTS

Since halogens are the most reactive element group, they can be harmful and toxic to biological
organisms. However, the compounds they make can be observed and used in our daily lives.

Fluorine
Chlorine
The most reactive
Used as a
and electronegative
disinfectant
element

Bromine
Used to test for the
presence of Alkenes

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INTRODUCING THE HALOGEN ELEMENTS

Since halogens are the most reactive element group, they can be harmful and toxic to biological
organisms. However, the compounds they make can be observed and used in our daily lives.

Iodine Astatine
Used as a Heaviest element
disinfectant for from the halogen
wounds group

Tennessine
A radioactive
artificially-made
solid element

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WHAT ARE HALOGENTAED

COMPOUNDS?
• Halogenated compounds are compounds in which one or
more hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms.
• They are synthetically produced and do not exist naturally.

In Halogenated Compounds...

Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), and Iodine (I) are
known to be involved in making halogenated compounds.

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IDENTIFYING HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS

• Functional Class Name

Name of the elements in an organic compound left + halogen element names, “fluoride”,
“chloride”, “bromide”, or “iodide”.
• Substitutive Name or IUPAC Name
Adding “fluoro-”, “chloro-”, “bromo-”, or “iodo” to the parent compound.

• Chemical Structure
..
H Cl

..
..
H C H H C H

H H
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Chemical Formula: CCl4

EXAMPLE 1
• Functional Class Name: Carbon Tetrachloride
• Substitutive Name (IUPAC Name): Tetrachloromethane

What is it?
A clear, colorless liquid used as a dry-
cleaning solvent, refrigerant, and formerly
used in fire extinguishers.

Cl
Cl C Cl

Cl
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Chemical Formula: CH3Br

EXAMPLE 2
• Functional Class Name: Methyl Bromide
• Substitutive Name (IUPAC Name): Bromomethane

What is it?
A colorless, odorless gas formerly used as a
pesticide in agriculture and shipping. It was
also applied as a soil sterilant for the
production of seeds.
H
Br C H

H
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WHAT TO REMEMBER?

• Substituting one or more hydrogen atoms on a hydrocarbon with a halogen

atom forms a halogenated compound.

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END
R efe re nce s

• https://www.britannica.com/science/halogen/Relative-reactivity
• https://www.thoughtco.com/list-of-halogens-606649
• https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/The_Basics_of_GOB_Chemistry_(Ball_e
t_al.)/12%3A_Organic_Chemistry_-
_Alkanes_and_Halogenated_Hydrocarbons/12.08%3A_Halogenated_Hydrocarbons
• https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/introductoryorganic/chapter/names-and-structures-for-halogenated-
compounds/
• https://www.labor.nc.gov/halogenated-hydrocarbons
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/halogenated-hydrocarbon
• https://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_370.htm
• https://frtr.gov/matrix2/section2/2_4_1.html?fbclid=IwAR38I9TBy-
rfNlzSt6VJG7RAXsmdOwDxNBVd8L8X0CKZMB1MgvlvHw3Tyt0
• https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/40/appendix-III_to_part_268?
fbclid=IwAR0ZfZcABgb9ULTaZ5ZLuisg-ZMv2fw2FAjRXzytDBo4CD3CARQP0uPZyrc
• https://www.chemicalbook.com/Article/Carbon-tetrachloride-Health-Hazard-and-Toxicity.htm
• https://wou.edu/chemistry/courses/online-chemistry-textbooks/ch105-consumer-
chemistry/ch105-chapter-7/ Halo-H aloG e ns
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride
• https://www.vedantu.com/question-answer/ccl4-is-used-as-fire-extinguisher-because-a-its-class-
10-chemistry-cbse-5f5fb67468d6b37d16360933
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromomethane
• https://www.epa.gov/ods-phaseout/methyl-bromide
• https://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/methyl-bromide

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