This document discusses cluster validation techniques. It explains that cluster validation is used to evaluate how good the resulting clusters from an algorithm are. There are two main types of validation: internal validation, which uses metrics like Davies-Bouldin Index and Silhouette Index to measure cluster compactness and separation without external labels; and external validation, like Rand Index and Jaccard score, which compare cluster labels to known external labels to evaluate accuracy. Several cluster validation metrics are presented for both internal and external validation.
This document discusses cluster validation techniques. It explains that cluster validation is used to evaluate how good the resulting clusters from an algorithm are. There are two main types of validation: internal validation, which uses metrics like Davies-Bouldin Index and Silhouette Index to measure cluster compactness and separation without external labels; and external validation, like Rand Index and Jaccard score, which compare cluster labels to known external labels to evaluate accuracy. Several cluster validation metrics are presented for both internal and external validation.
This document discusses cluster validation techniques. It explains that cluster validation is used to evaluate how good the resulting clusters from an algorithm are. There are two main types of validation: internal validation, which uses metrics like Davies-Bouldin Index and Silhouette Index to measure cluster compactness and separation without external labels; and external validation, like Rand Index and Jaccard score, which compare cluster labels to known external labels to evaluate accuracy. Several cluster validation metrics are presented for both internal and external validation.
CLUSTERING Process of partitioning a set of data objects into subsets (called clusters) Objects in a cluster are similar to one another and dissimilar to objects in other clusters. CLUSTER VALIDITY INDICES To evaluate the “goodness” of the resulting clusters. Different aspects of cluster validation To compare clustering algorithms To compare two different cluster set Comparing the results of a cluster analysis to externally known results Determining the ‘correct’ number of clusters Scikit-learn(sklearn) – a library for machine learning in python from sklearn.metrics import .. Types of Validity Indices Internal Quality Indices Use to measure the goodness of a clustering structure without respect to external information. How well the clusters are separated and how compact the clusters are. External Quality Indices Measure the extent to which cluster labels match the externally supplied class labels. Internal Quality Indices Based on the following two criteria: Compactness/Cohesion: how closely related the objects in a cluster are Separation: how distinct or well-separated a cluster is from other clusters Application To compare clustering algorithms Determining the ‘correct’ number of clusters Disadvantages of k-mean Choosing the number of clusters k In most exploratory applications, the number of clusters K is unknown Correct choice of k is often ambiguous Davies Bouldin Index
Maximum of intra-cluster distance by
inter-cluster distance Lower the DB index value, better is the clustering
>> from sklearn.metrics import davies_bouldin_score
……….... >> davies_bouldin_score(X, labels) Dunn Index
It is defined as Minimum separation by
maximum diameter Higher the Dunn index value, better is the clustering. Silhouette Index The Silhouette Coefficient combine ideas cohesion and separation, but for individual points S(i) = ( b(i) – a(i) ) / ( max { ( a(i), b(i) ) } Where, a(i) is the average dissimilarity of ith object to all other objects in the same cluster b(i) is the average dissimilarity of i th object with all objects in the closest cluster. >> from sklearn.metrics import silhouette_score ……….... >> silhouette_score(X, labels) Other Internal Cluster Validity Indices Root-mean-square std dev R-squared Modified Hubert statistics Calinski-Harabasz index I index SD validity index S_Dbw validity index and so on…. External Quality Indices Comparing the results of a cluster analysis to an externally known result, such as externally provided class labels Validate against ground truth Compare two clusters Jaccard Score Rand Index Measure the number of pairs that are in: A = Same class both in P and G B = Same class in P but different in G C = Different class in P but
same in G D = Different class both in
P and G Agreement: a, d Disagreement: b, c Rand Index:
>> from sklearn.metrics import adjusted_rand_score
……….... >> adjusted_rand_score(labels_true, labels_pred) F-measure Precision: What % of tuples that the classifier labeled positive are actually positive Recall: What % of positive tuples did the classifier label as positive
F-Measure : The harmonic mean of precision and
recall Others External Cluster Validity Indices Normalized Mutual Information(NMI) Purity Sorensen-Dice Braun-Banquet Normalized Van Dongen Pair-Set Index Centroid Index and many more…. Reference https://medium.com/swlh/how-to-choose-the-right-numbe r-of-clusters-in-the-k-means-algorithm-9160c57ec760 https://present5.com/clustering-methods-part-3-cluster-val idation-pasi-franti/ https://www.datanovia.com/en/lessons/cluster-validation-s tatistics-must-know-methods/ https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/dunn-index-and-db-index- cluster-validity-indices-set-1/ Understanding of Internal Clustering Validation Measures Yanchi Liu1,2, Zhongmou Li2, Hui Xiong2, Xuedong Gao1, Junjie Wu31School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China Thank You !!