In tr od u c t ion t o

t he
Philo s oph y of
t he H u man
Pe rs on
Sir Je t ' s Google Cla ssr oom
I t ' s oka y I t ' s oka y t o
t o feel feel ne rv o us .
sad.
Wha t i s
Philo s oph y ?
Philo s oph y i s t o w onde r
abo ut life , w onde r abo ut
loneline ss , bi rt h , death,
trut h , bea uty , and
f r eedom . While t o
Philo s ophi z e i s e x plo r e
life b y asking painf u l
q u e st ion s .
Examples of Philo s oph y
Don ' t j ust lea r n , experience . -
Roly T . Benneth (The Ligh t in the
Heart)

Yo u are her e t o make good

t hing s happen . - Anon y mo us

I t doe s no t ma tt e r ho w
s lo w l y y o u go, as long as y o u
do no t st op . - Conf u ci us
Plat
o WHEN WAS PLATO ALIVE?
PLATO WAS BORN IN 428/427
BCE TO A NOBLE FAMILY AND
DIED IN 348 /347 BCE. HE LIVED
PRIMARILY IN ATHENS, GREECE.
PLATO'S BIRTH OCCURRED NEAR
THE END OF THE GOLDEN AGE
OF ATHENS, AND HE GREW UP
DURING THE PELOPONNESIAN
WAR.
Pla to 's Idea of Fo r m s
PLATO’S THEORY OF FORMS
“ HIGHER WORLD OF REALITY EXISTS” WHICH HE
BELIEVED THAT IS INDEPENDENT AND SEPARATE FROM
THE WORLD OF THINGS OF OUR DAILY EXPERIENCE AND
ALSO CALLED THE “ WORLD OF IDEA OR FORMS ”

IN BASIC TERMS, PLATO'S THEORY OF FORMS ASSERTS

THAT THE PHYSICAL WORLD IS NOT REALLY THE ' REAL '
WORLD ; INSTEAD, ULTIMATE REALITY EXISTS BEYOND OUR
PHYSICAL WORLD . THE FORMS ARE ABSTRACT, PERFECT,
UNCHANGING CONCEPTS OR IDEALS THAT TRANSCEND
TIME AND SPACE; THEY EXIST IN THE REALM OF FORMS.
Wha t i s a J ust
S t a t e ?
PLATO EMPHASIZED REASON:
“ RATIONAL INQUIRY OF HUMAN SOCIETY ”
BELIEVED THAT AN ENTIRE COMMUNITY
COULD BE TRANSFORMED THROUGH
CONFORMITY TO RATIONAL PRINCIPLES.
PLATO’S POLITICAL THEORY: “ A JUST
STATE HAD THE GOAL AND AIM OF
IMPROVING THE MORAL STATE OF THE
CITIZENS .”
Plato di v ided people in t o Three
groups
1.THOSE WHO DEMONSTRATE THE
PHILOSOPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
WISDOM AND JUSTICE SHOULD BE
RULERS
2.THOSE WHO REVEAL EXCEPTIONAL
COURAGE SHOULD BE SOLDIERS.
3.THOSE WHO ARE DOMINATED BY DESIRE
(THE MASSES) SHOULD BE PRODUCERS
AND MANUFACTURERS
Ar i st o t le
384 - 322 BCE bo r n in
Stagira, Macedon

T ut o r of Alex ande r t he Gr eat

De s i r ed t o u nde rst and

t he ph ys ical u ni v e rs e

Believed in t he impo rt ance

of reason in shaping one’s
philo s oph y
Ar i st o t le
A r i st o t le was one of t he greatest
philo s ophe rs w ho ever li v ed and
t he fi rst genuine s cien t i st in
hi st o ry . He made pionee r ing
con tr ib ut ion s t o all field s of
philo s oph y and science, he
in v en t ed t he field of fo r mal logic ,
and he iden t ified t he v a r io us
s cien t ific di s cipline s and
e x plo r ed t hei r r ela t ion s hip s t o
each o t he r .
Ar i st o t le
Con tr ib ut ion s :
1. C r i t ici s m of Plato’s Ideas
2. A r i st o t le ’ s Vie w on E thic s
3. A r i st o t le ’ s Vie w on Poli tic s

A r i st o t le ’ s Vie w on E thics
4. A r i st o t le belie ve tha t in o r de r fo r us t o
be f u ll y h u man , we need t o li v e o ur li v e s
based on e thic s .
5. Mo r all y v i rtu o us life i s t o li v e a life
based on r ea son.
6. The emo t ion s are pa rt of the
h u man pe rs onali ty .
 Ar i st o t le
A r i st o t le ’ s Vie w of Poli tic s
Fo r A r i st o t le , bo t h poli t ic s and e t hic s
deal w i t h t he good life .

To li v e a good life , one m ust be a

v i rtu o us membe r of a poli t ical
comm u ni ty .

Poli tics come s f r om t he w o r d

“ poli s ” mean s “ ci ty ”
Aesch y l us
Kno w n as ' t he fa t he r of tr aged y ', t he
pla ywr igh t wr o t e u p t o 90 pla ys ,
w inning w i t h half of t hem at t he great
A t henian fe st i v al s of G r eek d r ama .
Perhaps hi s mo st famo us w o r k i s
Pr ome t heus Bo u nd w hich t ell s t he
m yt h of t he Ti t an p u ni s hed b y Ze us
fo r giving h u mani ty t he gif t of fi r e .

525 - 456 BCE

Aesch y l us
Befo r e Ae s ch y l us , t he G r eek s had onl y one
cha rac te r and a cho rus . Th us , t he po ss ibili t ie s
fo r conflic t and d r ama t ic ac t ion were
limi t ed , and dialog ues between cha rac te rs
were no t po ss ible

In tr od u ced t o ac t o rs on stage

The great s in t ha t depic ts t h r o u gh hi s pla ys

i s t he s in of “ H u b r i s ” ( p r ide o r arrogance ).
Ae s ch y l us ’ d r ama s s ho w t ha t p r ide
ru in s one s elf and o t he rs
Sophocles
A G r eek poe t and d r ama t i st
He wr o t e all 123 pla ys w hich 7 pla ys
surv i v e t oda y
He in tr od u ced a t hi r d ac t o r and al s o
inc r eased
496 - 406
t he cho rus f r om 12 t o 15 membe rs BCE
The plo ts in hi s d r ama are cha r ac t e r i z ed
b y h u man mo t i v a t ion s and choice s .
He po rtr a y ed t he di v ine w ill o v e r po w e r ing
t he
ac t ion s of h u man . B ut hi s w o r k s al s o s ho w
h u man s are w onde r f u l and ho w t he y are
mo t i v a t ed b y t hei r commi t men t t o t he
 E ur ipede s
480 - 406 BCE
E ur ipide s was one of the be st -
kno w n and mo st infl u en t ial
d r ama t i sts in cla ssical G r eek
c u l tur e ; of hi s 90 pla ys , 19 have
surv i v ed . Hi s mo st famo us
tragedie s, w hich r ein v en t G r eek
m yt h s and p r obe the da r ke r s ide of
h u man na tur e , incl u de Medea , The
Bacchae, Hippol ytus , Alce st i s and
The T r ojan Women .
 1
O r al Recitation :
Look fo r a
Philo s oph y on t he
in t e r ne t and share
i ts relevance t o y o ur
life .
 THANK YOU FOR
ATTENDING OUR CLASS
HAVE A GREAT D A Y A H E A D .