Acknowledgmen

t
I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my teacher as well as our
principal who gave me the golden opportunity
to do this wonderful project on the topic,
which also helped me in doing a lot of Research
and I came to know about so many new things
I am really thankful to them.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my
parents and friends who helped me a lot in
finalizing this project within the limited time
frame.
 Index
Contents

History Of The Basketball

Rules And Regulations

Specification Of The Court

Equipment Required

Important Tournaments

Sports Personalities

Fundamental Skills

Warming Up and Cooling Down

 Basketball Terminology

Common Basketball Injuries

Bibliography

History Of Athletics

Track And Field Events

Combined Events

Indian Athletic Awardees

Indian Athletic Records

World Athletic Records

Paralympics
Common Wealth Games 2018

2020 Olympics

Bibliography
 History Of The Basketball
In early December 1891, Canadian James Naismith, a physical
education professor and instructor at the International Young
Men's Christian Association Training School (YMCA) (today,
Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, was trying to
keep his gym class active on a rainy day. He sought a vigorous
indoor game to keep his students occupied and at proper levels of
fitness during the long New England winters. After rejecting
other ideas as either too roughor poorly suited to walled-in
gymnasiums, he wrote the basic rules and nailed a peachbasket
onto a 10-foot (3.0 m) elevated the track. In contrast with
modern basketball nets, this peachbasket retained its bottom, and
balls had to be retrieved manually after each "basket" or point
scored; this proved inefficient, however, so the bottom of the
basket was removed, allowing the balls to be poked out with a
long dowel each time.
Old style basketball with laces
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball. These round
balls from "association football" were made, at the time, with a
set of laces to close off the hole needed for inserting the inflatable
bladder after theother sewn-together segments of the ball's cover
had been flipped outside-in. These laces could cause bounce
passes and dribbling to be unpredictable. Eventually, a lace-free
ball construction method was invented, and this change to the game
was endorsed by Naismith. (Whereas in American football, the
lace construction proved to be advantageous for gripping and
remains to this day.) The first balls made specifically for
basketball were brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that
Tony Hinkle, searching for a ball that would be more visible to
players and spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is
now in commonuse. Dribbling was not part of the original game
except for the"bounce pass" to teammates. Passing the ball was
the primary means of ball movement. Dribbling was eventually
introduced but limited by the asymmetric shape of early balls.
Dribbling was commonby 1896, with arule against the
double dribble by 1898.

The peach baskets were used until 1906 when they were finally
replaced by metal hoops with backboards. A further change was
soon made, so the ball merely passed through. Whenever a
persongot the ball in the basket, his team would gain a point.
Whichever team got the most points won the game. The baskets
were originally nailed to the mezzaninebalcony of the playing
court, but this proved impractical when spectators in the balcony
began to interfere with shots. The backboard was introducedto
prevent this interference; it had the additional effect of allowing
rebound shots. Naismith's handwritten diaries, discovered by his
granddaughter in early 2006, indicate that he was nervous about
the new game he had invented, which incorporated rules from a
children's game called duck on a rock, as many had failed before
it.

Frank Mahan, one of the players from the original first game,
approached Naismith after the Christmas break, in early 1892,
asking him what he intended to call his new game. Naismith
replied that he hadn't thought of it because he had been focused on
just getting the game started.Mahan suggested that it be called
"Naismith ball", at which he laughed, sayingthat a name like
that would kill any game. Mahan then said, "Why not call it
basketball?" Naismithreplied, "We have a basket and a ball,
and it seems to methat would be a good name forit." The first
official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium in Albany,
New York, on January 20, 1892, with nine players. The game
ended at 1–0; the shot was made from 25 feet (7.6 m), on a court
just half the size of a present-day Streetball or National
Basketball Association (NBA) court.

At the time, football was being played with 10 to a team (which

was increased to 11). When winterweather got too icy to play
football, teams were taken indoors, and it was convenient to
have them split in half and play basketball with five on each
side. By 1897–1898 teams of five became standard
 Rules and Regulations
 T h e o b j e c t of t h e G a m e
The object of basketball is to throw the ball (basketball) into a
hoop to score points. The game is played out on a rectangular
court anddepending on which section of court you successfully
throw a ball into the basket will depend on how many points are
scored. The ball can be moved around the by dribbling or
passing the ball. At the end of the game, the team with the most
points is declared the winner.

 Scoring
There are three scoring numbers for basketball players. Any
basket scored from outside the three-point arc will result in three
points being scored. Baskets scored withinthe three-point arc will
result in two points being scored. Successful free throws will
result in 1 point being scored per free throw. The number of free
throws will depend on where the foul was committed.
  Wi n n i n g the Ga me
Winning a game of basketball is pretty simple; score more points
thanyour opponents in the allotted game time. If the scores are
tied at the endthen an extra quarter will be played until a winner
is found.

 R u l e s of B a s k e t b a l l

1.Each team canhave a maximum of 5 players on the court at

any one time. Substitutions can be made as many times as
they wish within the game.
2.The ball can only be moved by either dribbling (bouncing the
ball) or passing the ball. Once a playerputs two hands on
the ball (not including catching the ball) they cannot then
dribble or move with the ball and the ball must be passed or
shot.
3.After the ball goes into a team’s half and they win
possession
back the ball must then make it back over the halfway line
within 10 seconds. If the ball fails to do so then a foul will
be called and the ball will be turned over.
4.Each team has 24 seconds to at least shot at the basket. A
shot constitutes either going in the basket or hitting the rim of
the basket. If after the shot is taken and the ball fails to go
in
 the basket then the shot clock is restarted for another 24
seconds.
5.The team trying to score a basket iscalled the offense whilst
the team trying to prevent them from scoring iscalled the
defense . The defense must do all they can to stop the
offense from scoring by either blocking a shot or preventing a
shot from being fired.
6.After each successful basket, the ball is then turned over to
the opposition.
7.Fouls committed throughout the game will be accumulated
and then when reached a certain number will be eventually
be
awarded as a free throw. A free throw involves one
player from the offensive team (the player fouled) to
take a shot
unopposed from the free throw line. Depending on where
the
foul was committed will depend on the number free throws a
player gets.
8.Violations in basketball include travelling (taking more than
one step without bouncing the ball), double dribble (picking
the ball up dribbling, stopping then dribbling again with
two hands), goaltending (a defensive player interferes with
the
ball traveling downwards towards the basket) and backcourt
violation (once the ball passes the halfway line the
offensive
team cannot take the ball back over the halfway line).
Signals
There shall be at least 2 separate sound signals, with
distinctly different and very loud sounds:
 One provided for the timer and the scorer which shall
sound automatically to indicate the end of the playing time
for a quarter or overtime. The timer and scorer shall be
able to sound the signal manually when appropriate to
attract the attention of the officials.
 One provided for the shot clock operator which shall sound
automatically to indicate the end of the shot clock period.
Both signals shall be sufficiently powerful to be easily heard
above the most adverse or noisy conditions. The sound volume
shall havethe ability to be adapted accordingto the size of the
sports hall and the noise of the crowd, to a maximum sound
pressure level of120 dBA measured at a distance of 1 m
from the source of the sound. A connection to the public
informationsystem of the sports hall is strongly
recommended.

P l a y e r foul m a r k e r s
The 5 player foul markers provided for the scorer shall be:
 Of white colour.
 With numbers a minimum of 200 mm in length and
100 mm in width.
 Numbered from 1 to 5 (1 to 4 in black and the number 5
in red).
Te a m foul m a r k e r s
The 2 team foul markers provided for the scorer shall be:
• Of red colour.
• A minimum of 350 mm in height and of 200 mm in width.
•Clearly visible to everyone involved in the game, including
the spectators, when positioned on either side of the scorer’s
table.
•Used to indicate the number of team fouls up to 5 and to
show that a team has reachedthe team foul situation. 13.2
Electrical or electronic devices may be used but they shall meet
the above specifications.
 Specification Of The Court

FIBA , the International Basketball Federation, is the world

governing body for basketball. Its acronym is formed from its
French name Fédération Internationale de Basketball that is
founded in 1932. This federationorganizes and oversees
international competitions such as the Basketball World Cup,
the Olympic Basketball Tournament and the relatively young
3×3 Basketball. Included in their charter are the establishment
of the official basketball rules, specification of basketball
equipment and facilities required, transfer of athletes across 214
member countries as well as the regulationsthat govern the
relationships between the different members of the basketball
community. These 214 members are organized into five regional
offices namely Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania.

FIBA Playing Court (with Dimensions)

 Theplaying court shall have a flat, hard surface free from
obstructions with dimensions of 28 m in length by 15 m in
width measured from the inner edge of theboundary line. All
lines shall be drawn in white color, 5 cmin width, and clearly
visible. Also, team bench areas shall be marked outside
the playing court limited by 2 lines as shown in the image
above
 Theplaying court shall be limited by theboundary line,
consisting of the endlines and the sidelines. These lines are
not part of the playing court.

 Any obstruction includingseated team bench personnel shall

be at least 2 m from the playing court. The free-throw line
shall be drawn parallel to each end line. It shall have its
furthest edge 5.80 m from the inner edge of the end line and
shall be 3.60 m long. Its mid-point shall lie on the
imaginary line joining the mid-point of the 2 endlines.

 The restricted areas shall be the rectangular areas marked on

the playing court limited by the end lines, the extended free-
throw lines and the lines which originate at the end lines, their
outer edges being 2.45 m from the mid-point of the endlines
and terminating at the outer edge of the extended free-throw
lines. These lines, excluding the endlines, are part of the
restricted area. The inside of the restricted areas must be
painted in one colour.

 The3-point field goal area shall be the entire floor area of

the playing court, except for the area near the opponents’
  basket,limited by and including the 2 parallel lines
extendingfrom and perpendicular to the endline, with the
outer edge 0.90 m from the inner edge of the sidelines; and
an arc of radius 6.75 m measured from the point on the
floor
beneath the exact centre of the opponents’ basket to the outer
edge of the arc. The distance of the point on the floor from
the inner edge of the mid-point of the endline is 1.575 m. The
arc is joined to the parallel lines. The3-point line does not
belong to the 3-point area.

 The 2 lines of 0.15 m in length shall be marked outside the

playing court at the sideline opposite the scorer’s table,
with the outer edge of the lines 8.325 m from the inner edge
of the nearest end line.These are the throw-in lines.

Backstop units

It is a fixture consisting of backboards, baskets comprising rings

(with pressure release) and nets, and backboard support
structure including padding. Shown below is the diagram for
backstop unit.
Basket ring shall be made of solid steel and shall have an inside
diameter of a minimum of 450 mm and a maximum of 459 mm.
They shall be painted orange withinthe Natural Colour System
(NCS) FIBA approved spectrum and have its metal a
minimum of 16 mm and a maximum of 20 mm indiameter.
Backboard shall be made of transparent material,non-reflective
with a flat front surface and shall be have a protective
framework of the backboard support structure around the outer
edge. That backboard should be manufactured, such that, if
broken, the pieces of glass do not split off. Below are the more
detailed dimension of a backboard.
The outer surface of the ball shall be made of leather or
artificial/ composite/synthetic leather.
It should be spherical, with black seams not exceeding 6.35 mm
in width and, either of asingle shade of orange or of a FIBA
approved colour combination.
It should be inflated to an air pressure such that, when it is
dropped onto the playing floor from a height of approximately
1,800 mm measured from the bottom of the ball, it will rebound
to a height of between 1,200 mm and 1,400 mm, measured to the
top of the ball, and be marked with its respective size number.
 Equipment Required
Basketball Equipment
Basketball can played with very little equipment. That is
why it has become one of the most popular sports to play in
the world. With a growing presencein the United States,
China, Europe, and many other countries, basketball has a
loyal fanbase that is only getting stronger. Basketball can
be played outdoors on asphalt and dirt or indoors on
wooden floors. If you're getting ready to play a pickup
game, here's a list of equipment you'll need to bring. We've
included pictures for each item, so you can make sure you
haveeverything you need to play.

• basketball court
• the ball
• hoop (i.e. rim, net, backboard)
• uniform
• shorts
• jersey
• shoes
• socks
• arm sleeve
• headband
• wristband
• towel
• whistle
• shot clock
• players

Th e B a s k e t b a l l C o u r t
Basketball can be played on a court made of a variety of
surfaces and can be played indoors and outdoors. You can
play on concrete, wood, asphalt, and dirt. Any type of court
will work as long as you can bounce the ball repeatedly
off the ground.

Th e K e y
Indoor basketball courts will have a key, also known as the
paint, that is used for shooting free throws and calling
paint violations. If you're playing outdoors at a park, you
will likely have to measure the distance to the free throw
line yourself.

Th e Ba l l
You'll need a ball to play the game. Today, basketballs are
either made with synthetic materials such as rubber,
polyester, and nylon in combination with leather. In the
NBA, the pressure of the ball must be between 7.5 and 8.5
pounds. The size of the ball measures 29.5 inchesaroundin
circumference. There are smaller sizes you can get for kids
of various ages between 12-14, 9-11, and 5-8 years old.
 Important Tournaments

 Basketball at theOlympics

 Euro Basket

 FIBA Americas Championship

 FIBA World Championship

 FIBA Oceania Championship

Yadwinder Singh
The ONGC forward is one of the few experienced campaigners
in anotherwise young squad. Yadwinderhas already played in
three editions of the FIBA Asian Championships (2011, 2013,
and 2015), which is why his vast experience of playing
physically stronger foreign teams will be crucial for the younger
players.
Despite being one of the older players, at 29, Yadwinder is a
powerhouse of energy on the court. His tremendous pace and
stamina could be crucial for India to convert their turnoversinto
pointsagainst their opponents.
To add to that, Yadwinder is known to be one of the most vocal
players on the pitch, always looking to get on the ball, and
create chances.
Prasanna Venkatesh
He might be just 23-years-old, but Prasanna Venkatesh has
already been on the Indian circuit for some time now. The Tamil
Nadu cager was introduced to the sport ata relativelyearly age,
after he joined a sports hostel in Neyvelli, when he was in the
eighth standard.
He was later picked up by Indian Overseas Bank, when he
wasin his teens, as he had started showing his talent.
Being one of the best hustlers in the country, Prasanna is one of
the few players who genuinely enjoydefending. His endless
energy and stamina only help to add to his game. Prasanna’s
contribution as a guard could be important to India against
strong opponents like the Philippines.
Vishesh Bhriguvanshi
The 25-year-old is one of the most influentialplayers in the
Indian team. He has already captained the Indian side in last
year’s F I B A Asia Championship, and could play a crucial
role in inspiring the youngsters in the Indian squad.
Bhriguvanshi, who hails from the holy city of Varanasi, is one of
the most versatile players on the court. Being able to operate as
both, a forward and a guard, the ONGC cager will be a crucial
addition to the Indian team.
The Varanasi-born lad has the uncanny ability to thread good
passes to his teammates, in order to set them up for the baskets.
In fact, he had the second highest assists count (4.8 pergame) in
last year’s F I B A Asia Championship.
Amritpal Singh
Standing at seven feet tall, Amritpal Singh is the tallest player in
the Indian side. However, unlike last year, the Japan-based
center has been given a much bigger role in the team. Coach Sat
Prakash Yadav has made the big man hiscaptain this time
round.
Amritpal has indeed become one of the best Indian cagers in
the modern era, honing his skills in the professional National
Basketball Development League (NBDL) in Japan.
In fact, Amritpal and Amjyot Singh have gone on to become
the first ever Indians to play basketball professionally in
Japan.
The duo, has helpedTokyo Excellence win the NBDL, earlier this
year.
India will depend on the seven-foot cager toget both the
offensive and the defensive rebounds.
Satnam Singh Bhamara
Satnam Singh Bhamara is a well-known Indian basketball
player currently playing for the Dallas Mavericks. He got into
the NBA after being drafted during the 2015 NBA draft,
making him the first Indian player to be drafted into the NBA.
He is known for his unusual height of 7 feet 2 inches. Born in a
village in Punjab, India, Singh was raised in a family of
farmers and millers. By the age of nine, Singh was already
taller than most of the adults in his village. Taking advantage
of this, his father took him to a local basketball court with the
intent of encouraging him to pursue a careerin the sport. Over
the next few years, he took part in youth leagues in Punjab,
where he easily dominated his opponents. He continuedto
further develophis skills at the Ludhiana Basketball Academy.
After Singh led the Punjab youth team to anational
championship, he was chosen by the Basketball Federation of
India to play at an N B A ‘Basketball without Borders’
Camp. His skills received massive appreciation and he was
soon selected for a scholarship under the IMGR basketball
training academy, following which hemoved to Florida, USA.
Eventually he made his way into the NBA and has also
represented the Indian national Basketball Team on multiple
occasions
 .Fundamental Skills
1. Dribbling - is important to penetrate to the hoop, move the
ball across the court, get away from the defense, and find
a good passing lane. There are different types of dribbles:

• change-of-pace,
• crossover dribble,
• behind the back,
• pull back dribble,
• low dribble,
• basic dribble,
• between the legs dribble

2.Passing - A good offensive attack requires good passing

from players. This helps find anopen man, to find a good
shooter or to getaway from a defender. There are several
types of passes you need to learn:

• Overhead Pass
• Chest Pass
• Push Pass
• Baseball Pass
• Off-the-Dribble Pass
• Bounce Pass

3.Shooting - The object of the game is to win by scoring

the most points. Therefore, improvingthe team's shooting is
important to win a game. There are several ways toscore
in
the game:

• Jump Shot
• Dunk
• Alley oop
• Free throw
• Layup
• Three-Point Shot
• Hook Shot

4.Rebounding - is essential to gain or regain possession

after the shot. Usually, the team who has the most number
of rebounds after the game has more shot attempts and
chances to score.

5.Offense - is the only chance that the team has a shot at the
basket and scoring. Playing a good offense requires
coordination among players and individual skill to execute
well plays.

6.Defense - To be able toget a chance to score and gain

possession, the team should play good defense and try to
stop their opponent from scoring. As said, "A good defense is
a good offense."

7.Moves - There are different kinds of basketball moves that

are importantin executing both a good offense and a good
defense. Moves are helpful in finding an open man, make a
good shot or create an amazing play.
8.Violations - Knowing the kinds of basketball
violations improvesyour game.

9.Assist - is given to a teammate to help him score

easily. Thus is it important to find an open man on the
court

10.Foul - is often an accidental contact made by the

defender to his opponent or an aggressive move by the ball-
handler towards his defender. However, a foul is also used
as a strategy to stop the clock or to keep the shooting player
from scoring easily. Learning how to use your fouls well is
important in the game.
 Warming up And Cooling Down
 Wa r m U p
A good warm-up should increase body temperature and heart
rate. It should also reduce muscle stiffness and prepare athletes
for competition. Warm-ups also help the blood vessels dilate and
thus reduces the resistance to blood flow. It improves efficient
cooling and range of motion. It is essential for mental preparation
for the players. Here are a few exercises that make up a good
warm-up for a basketball player:

Individual Warm Up(10-20 minutes)

Allow players to both physically and mentally
prepare themselves.
Example: Self-massage, ankle and foot exercises, skipping and
shooting.

Cardio Warm-up(5-10 minutes)

Raise the heart rate
Include fun and engaging exercises
 Dynamic Stretching(5 minutes)

Single leg balancing: You should stand to look

forward with your right arm in front of your torso with
your right leg slightly raised from the ground. Initiate
the exercise by flexing the hip, hinging your torso down
andkeeping your legs slightly bent. Extend your freeleg
backward for balance while you reach for your left foot
with your right hand. Return to starting position after a
pause and repeat after switching sides.

 Knee hugs: Sit down with your knees bent while hugging
it. Lift your feet off the floor. Continue by opening your
arms and extend your legs to a 45-degree angle and lean
back. Lift your torso, bend your knees and return to
starting position.

 Can openers: First lay on one side of your body and

hold your head up while supporting it with yourhand to
maintain balance. Take a deep breath and raise your
heel up while your knee should be positioned at 45-
degree angle to the rest of your body. Then start to move
your hand from one side to another while the rest of
your body should be stiff.
Side Lunges: Start by standing straight with your
feet apart (shoulder width) and step out to the side
and
 transfer your body weight to that leg. Use your feet
to push youback to the startingposition and repeat
the exercise.

 Sumo Squats: Start by standing straight with your

feet shoulder-width apart. Hold a dumbbell in each of
your hand in front of your hips. Bend down in a squat
position while pushing your hips back and keeping your
knees facing outwards. Simultaneously bring the
dumbbells down to the floor and hold them in between
your legs. Then stand up and repeat the exercise.
Image result for sumo squat
Via

Speed (2-5 minutes)

Move in multiple directions and combinations

After the warm-up, the player can proceed with playing

the game. The cooldown is as essential and important as
the warm-up. The cooldown acts as a reset for the next
practice or game. It also reduces the chances of causing
the player damage. It allows the heart rate to return to
normal and gradually slows breathing. Helps to
prevent muscle soreness and improves relaxation. Most
cooldowns last 3-10 minutes and include shower, gentle
movements, andstretching exercises.
  Cool d o w n
1.Walking

2.Brisk walking

3.Standing stretches

4.Deep breathing or yoga style Shavasana

Ankle rotations: Point your toes towards the ceiling and then
slowly start rotating the foot in a full circle. Do not move the leg,
so that the rotation happensonly at the joint of the ankle.
Repeat with your other leg.

Double hip rotation: Lie on yourback with your knees bent. Then
proceed to gently lower both knees to one side as far as possible.
Hold the position for 10-30 seconds. Then bring them back to
the centre and repeat.

Static exercises are more appropriate to the cool down as they

help muscles relax, the realignment of the muscle fibres and the
re-establishment of their normal range of movement.
 Basketball Terminology
Alley-oop
By far the most amusing basketball term to say out loud,
the alley-oop refers to a high pass nearthe rim of the basket that
another player dunks or tips in. The word ultimately comes
from a french exclamation “allez-hop!”, used to encourage or
draw
attention to an athletic feat such as a leap or lift upwards.
Buzzer beater
When a player takes a shot before the end of quarter buzzer but
it goes into the basket after the buzzer has gone off, you would
refer to that shot as a buzzer beater.

Cherry-picking
Although it is tempting to somehow ascribe this strategy to the
tallest player on the court, cherry-pickingactually describes the
strategy of a player who does little defensively and instead waits
around the opponent’s basket for scoring opportunities. A
controversial tactic, cherry-picking is often a violation in amateur
leagues and results in a penalty.

Double
A double is a statistic that refers to a player accumulating
double digits in any one of 5 categories during a
game: points, assists, steals, blocked shots, and rebounds.
When someone refers to a double-double, this means that they
have
doubles in two of the five categories; triple-double means the
player has doubles in three of the five, etc.
Fast break
The fast break is an offensive strategy thatinvolves moving the
ball up the court as quickly as possible, with the goal of getting
in position for scoring opportunities before the defense is allowed
to set up. A fast break sometimes involves cherry-picking.

Field goal
Nope, not football—still basketball. A field goal is the term
to describe both two- and three-point shots, excluding free
throws.
The field goal percentage of a player or team looks at the
total number of baskets made to shots taken.

Full-court press
A full-court press is when a team plays defense for theentire
length of the court (rather than just on the half-court). This
defense is sometimes deployed by teams for the entirety of a
game,
but is more often seen when a team is trailing late in the game and
trying to force turnovers.

Key
The two rectangle-shaped keys on a basketball court (one
directly
in front of and partly beneath each basket) are defined by the end
line, the free-throw line, and the two lines that connect them.
Officially called the free throw lane, the area is also
called the paint.

Pick and roll

The pick and roll is one of the most commonoffensive
plays. The
Another memberof the offense then comes up behind the defensive
player and sets a screen, or “pick,” behind the player. The ball-
handler then “rolls” around his teammate, leaving the defender
to choose between defending the player who picked him or
continuing to defend the ball-handler.

Posting up
Posting up describes when a player on the offense sets up close
to
the basket below the foul line, usually facing away from the
basket with his back is to the defender. This positioning allows
him
to use his body to protect the ball, as well as open up
different sorts of scoring opportunities.

Run-and-gun
run-and-gun refers to a fast-paced offensive style
emphasizing
fast breaks and scoring opportunities. Typically, teams
playing with a run and gun offense both score and allow lots
of points.
Sixth man
With five players on the court for a team at the same time,
the sixth man refers to the first non-starting player off the
bench, who is considered more valuable than other reserve
players.

Triple threat
When a player first receives a ball and has not yet dribbled, she
is considered a triple threat, meaning that she can either pass,
shoot, or dribble (the full range of offensive options).
 Common Basketball Injuries
Ank le Sprains

Treatment for an ankle sprain involves rest, ice, compression,and

elevation (RICE). The need for X-rays and evaluation by a
physician is determined on a caseby- case basis and depends on
the severity and location of pain. Pain and swelling over the bone
itself may need further evaluation. An injury to the ankle in a
child who is still growing could represent a simple sprain or could
be the result of an injury to the growth plates located around the
ankle and should be evaluated by a physician.

J a m m e d Fingers

Jammed fingers occur when the ball contacts the end of the finger
and causes significant swelling of asingle joint. Application of
iceand buddy taping the finger to the adjacentfinger may provide
some relief and allow the athlete to return to play. If pain and
swelling persist, evaluation by a physician or athletic trainer is
recommended and an x-ray of the finger may be needed.
K n e e Injuries

Basketball requires extensive stop and go and cutting

maneuvers which can put the ligaments and menisci of the knee
at risk.
Injury to the medial collateral ligament is most common
following a blow to the outside of the knee and can be often
be treated with ice, bracing and a gradual return to activity.

An injury to the anterior cruciate ligament is a more serious

injury and canoccur with an abrupt change in directionand
landing for the jump. Although this ligament tear is most
commonly a seasonending injury that requires corrective surgery,
current techniques used to repair the ACL ligament generally
allow the player to return to play the following season.

D e e p Thigh Bruising

Treatment includes rest, ice, compression,and elevation.

Commercially available girdles with thigh pads are now
available for protection.
F a c i a l Cuts

Depending on the depth of the injury, the cut may require stitches
or a "butterfly" sterile tape. Ice may provide pain relief and
decrease swelling. Players can return to play after all blood is
removed and the wound is dressed.

Stress F r a c t u r e s

Stress fractures can occur from a rapid increase in activity level or

training or from overtraining. Stress fractures in basketball most
commonly occur in the foot and lower leg (tibia). Once diagnosed,
a period of immobilization and non-weightbearing is
recommended. Return to play is permitted once the fracture has
completelyhealed and the athlete is pain free.