CYCLONE

DESIGN FOR DISASTER MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT

 CYCLONE

 Cyclone refers to any spinning storm that rotates around a low-pressure center.
 Closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that
produce a heavy rain.
 Cyclones are characterized by inward spiral winds that rotate about a zone of low air pressure.

TYPES OF CYCLONES
 The term ‘cyclone’ actually refers to several different types of storm. There are three types of cyclones.
1. Tropical Cyclones 2. Polar cyclones 3. Mesocyclones
 TROPICAL CYCLONES Tropical cyclones are what most people are familiar with because these are
cyclones that occur over the tropical ocean regions. Hurricanes and typhoons are actually types of
tropical cyclones, but they have different names so that it’s clear where that storm is occurring.
Hurricanes are found in the Atlantic and Northeast pacific, typhoons are found in Northwest pacific.
 POLAR CYCLONES Polar cyclones are cyclones that occur in polar region like Greenland, Siberia and
Antarctica. Unlike tropical cyclones, Polar Cyclones are usually stronger in winter months.
 MESOCYCLONE Meso-cyclone is a cyclone that occurs when part of a thunderstorm cloud starts to
spin, which may eventually lead to a tornado. 'Meso' means 'middle’
CAUSES OF CYCLONE
  The main source of energy for cyclones is the warm
oceans in the tropical regions.
 To initiate a tropical cyclone the sea- surface
temperature generally needs to be above 26.5⁰C
however, existing cyclones often persist as they
move over cooler water.
 The development of a tropical cyclone also relies on
favorable broad-scale wind regimes’ and can persist
for several days with many quite erratic paths. They
lose their source of energy when they move over
land or colder oceans causing them to dissipate.
 Weakening may also occur if the cyclone moves
into an unfavorable wind regime which disrupts the
structure of the system.
 Sometimes a decaying tropical cyclone may interact
with a weather system in higher latitudes to cause
impacts far from the tropics
 HAZARDOUS EFFECTS OF CYCLONE ON HUMANS AND
BUILDING
 Cyclones cause heavy rainfall and landslides. They cause lot of harm to towns and villages,
causing severe damage kuccha houses. Coastal businesses like shipyards and oil wells are
destroyers and cause many deaths in the ocean and money can also lost if the ship is carrying
expensive cargo.
 They harm the ecosystem of the surrounding regions.
 Civic facilities are disturbed.
 Agricultural land is severely affected, especially in terms of water supply and soil erosion.
 It cause harm to human, plant and animal life.
 Communications systems are badly affected due to cyclones.
 Cyclones are the upper ocean heat content, the vertical shear of the environment wind, interaction
with other weather systems, impact of dry air and landfall.
 Social costs includes, loss of life and livelihood, loss of crops leading to food scarcity.
 Education and other services destroyed, increased burden government to rebuild areas affected,
and meant for other projects must now be used repair the damage done by the cyclones.
 Cyclones can make the sewage pipes block up and stop working and sewage can split everywhere
which also causes disease
MITIGATION AND PREVENTION MEASURES OF CYCLONE

STRUCTURAL MITIGATION MEASURES

• Communal Shelters Integrated multi-hazard approach(emphasis on
cyclone and tsunami risk in coastal areas) •Seawalls And Coral Reefs
• Early warning system for cyclones •Tsunami Breakwaters(to Provide Cushion Against
Tsunami And Cyclone)
• Evacuation plans(with emphasis on self reliance for sustenance with the •Increasing The River Dike Height
coastal community) •Tsunami And Cyclone Shelters (Safe Places To
• Capacity building Flee)
•Evacuation Routes Identification
• Training of all concerned •Education And Planning
• Public awareness programs
• Hazard Mapping and Vulnerability Analysis
• Risk Identification, zoning and mapping
THANK YOU
SNEHA HARIDAS , S9