Field instrumentation

• Field instrumentation is a device which used

to measure and monitor, display and control
of process variable.

Measuring controller
device

Fce
process
 what are the process variable
• Pressure
• Temperature
• Level
• Flow
 Topics
• Pressure gauge
• Temperature gauge
• Temperature element
• Pressure transmitter
• Temperature transmitter
• Control valve
• Motor operated valve
Pressure gauge
Pressure gauge calibration and maintenance

• Before installation of any gauge should be

avoid high vibration and extreme ambient
temperature because of due to affect dial
readings.
Calibration procedure by using hydraulic pump
• Initially release all the pressure from hydraulic
pump by reliving valve.
• check that digital display it must be show zero
kg of pressure.
• Calibration of pressure gauge install to pump.
• Close the release valve.
• Apply pressure slowly and reach full range
pressure to the gauge.
• When reached full scale reading wait for 10sec
(if any pressure leak easily identified)
• Reduce the pressure gradually step by step to zero.
• If any error at zero and span during calibration
Adjust the pointer if necessary.
Common reasons for gauge failure
 high temperature
 Mechanical vibration
 over pressure
 Corrosion
 Steam line with out siphon
 Pressure transmitter
• Conversion of pressure into (electric) analog
signal 4-20 MA
• Transmitter mostly two types of transducer
using either piezoelectric or strain gauge
How to do Calibration of pressure transmitter
• Connect the transmitter pressure hose from
the calibrator to the transmitter.
• Connect the mA measurement jacks of the
calibrator to the transmitter.
• Close the vent knob and supply metering valve
• Apply pressure or vacuum from the pump by
holding down the pump button and release
when the necessary pressure is reached.
• Correct the pressure with the fine pressure
adjustment.
• Read the reference pressure and the current
output of the transmitter from the display.
• Reduce the pressure gradually step by step to
zero.
• If any variation at zero pressure press and hold
5sec zero adjustment.
• If any variation at full range pressure press and
hold 5sec span adjustment.
 calibration table
Percentage % Input pressure Output pressure Milliamps Error±0.05
0 0 0 4 0
25 15 15 8 0
50 30 30 12 0
75 45 44.8 15.8 0.2
100 60 59.8 19.9 0.1
 Pressure switch
• A pressure switch is a form of switch that closes
an electrical contact when a certain
set pressure has been reached on its input.
The switch may be designed to make contact
either on pressure rise or on pressure fall.
How to adjust set point of pressure
• larger nut on the spring in pressure switch turning
the larger nut clock wise direction for pressure
rising and anticlockwise for pressure down.
pressure adjustment
 Temperature measurement
• Resistance temperature detector(RTD)
• Thermocouple(T/C)
• RTD devices; Copper, Nickel and Platinum are
widely used metals. These three metals are
having different resistance variations with
respective to the temperature variations. That
is called resistance-temperature
characteristics.
Thermocouple

Thermocouples are based on
the principle that when two
dissimilar metals are joined, a
predictable voltage will be generated
that relates to the difference in
temperature between the measuring
junction and reference junction.
 Thermo couple fail how to find?
• You can check a thermocouple with a standard
multi meter set the meters continuity mode
• Checking across positive (yellow) and
negative(red) will get beep sound in order to
determine if the probe circuit open or not.
• Thermocouple probe broken anywhere in the
circuits
Temperature transmitter
Percentag % Temperature Ċ Rtd o/p ohoms Milliamps Error±0.05
0 0 100 4MA 0
25 75 128 8MA 0
50 150 157 12MA 0
75 225 184 16MA 0
100 300 212 20MA 0
 MOTOR OPERATED VALVE
• Motor operated valves are usually for full
open and full close applications. However
there are places where they are used for
position control as well.
MOV USING AT DIFFERENT AREA IN AUX BOILER
1)BOILER FEED WATER LINE
2)SPRAY WATER LINE
3)LDO PCV/FCV
4)START UP VENT
5)DEAERATOR LEVEL
6)DEAERATOR PCV
7)MAIN STEAM
8)MAIN STEAM BY BASS
 MOV COMMISSIONING
• Initially apply meggar testing with respect to
R-Y-B-ph to Earth,
R-ph to Y-ph, Y-ph to B-ph, B-ph to R-ph
• check winding resistance value
• Check power supply voltage (415v)
• Check control cable termination from mcc
feeder to lpbs
• Check feed back cable termination from mov
to mcc feeder
• Check manual hand wheel operation and that there is physical movement of
the valve.
Limit settings for closed condition
• Remove the switch mechanism cover.
• Engage manual operation.
• Turn hand wheel clockwise until valve is closed.
• Turn handwheel by approximately half a turn (overrun) in the opposite
direction.
• Press down and turn setting spindle [1] with screw driver in direction of the
arrow and observe the pointer [2]: While a ratchet click is felt and heard, the
pointer [2] moves 90° every time.
• If the pointer [2] is 90° from mark [3]: Continue turning slowly.
• If the pointer [2] moves to mark [3]: Stop turning and release setting
spindle.
• The end position CLOSED setting is complete.
 CKFC
 Limit settings for open condition
• Engage manual operation.
• Turn handwheel counterclockwise until valve is open.
• Turn handwheel by approximately half a turn (overrun) in the
opposite direction.
• Press down and turn setting spindle [4] with screw driver in
direction of the arrow and observe the pointer
• While a ratchet click is felt and heard, the pointer [5] moves
90° every time.
• Continue turning slowly. If the pointer [5] moves to mark 6
• Stop turning and release setting spindle.
• The end position OPEN setting is complete.
Control valve
how to configuring of siemens positioner
• Switch On the Positioner by applying 4-20 mA current at appropriate terminals.
• Display will show NOINI – (No initialisation)
• Press Mode Button (Hand Marked) for more than 5 seconds, and then
automatically you will Enter in Parameter Mode.
• You can access sub parameters of Main Parameter by single click of Increment or
Decrement Button.
• In 1St parameter Value for Linear Valve – way
• In 2nd parameter, select value 330
• Keep value of 3rd parameter Off and click the Mode Button once to save and to
enter in 4th Mode.
• After entering in 4th Mode, Press Mode Button (Hand Marked) for More than 5
seconds to come out from Parameter mode.
• After arrival in Normal Mode Display will show some Value. Neglect that value,
and press Increment OR Decrement Buttons to achieve the Valve Position at 50%
Manually (Neglect The Display Value).
• After achievement of actual 50% Valve Position, rotate the Black coloured Sliding clutch
(Black Colour Wheel situated below the Positioner) slowly to adjust the Display at 50%.
• There is no need to exact 50% Display, + 0.5% is acceptable.
• Now Your Valve Position and Display both are adjusted at 50%.
• Now Press the Mode Button (Hand Marked) for more than 5 seconds to access
parameter. You will then enter directly in 4 th mode.
• In 4th mode, Press the Increment Button for More than 5 Seconds, Then First Display will
show you Start Message and after that Positioner will directly go in RUN mode.
• After Successful completion of 5 nos. of RUN mode, display will show FINISH message
• Then click the mode button once, you will enter in 4th Parameter.
• Now to come out from Parameter Mode, Press Mode Button (Hand Marked) for 5
Seconds.
• Display will show MAN (Manual Mode) and some Value.
• To access Auto Mode, click the Mode Button (Hand Marked) once.
• Display will show Auto (Auto Mode) and some Value corresponding to your current
input in mA.
• Check the Calibration by simulating 4 to 20 mA to Siemens Positioner.
Thank you