29.

4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

KEY CONCEPT
The central nervous system interprets information,
and the peripheral nervous system gathers and
transmits information.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The nervous system’s two parts work together.
• The CNS includes the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord.
• The PNS includes four systems of nerves.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

• The CNS and PNS pass signals between one another.

– Sensory receptor generates impulse.
– PNS passes impulse to CNS.
– CNS interprets impulse.
– CNS passes impulse to PNS.
– PNS stimulates a response.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The CNS processes information.
The brain has three parts.
1.Cerebrum - interprets
signals from your body and
forms responses such as
hunger, thirst, controls
thought, movement,
emotion, and pain.

Cerebral cortex – the

outer layer of the cerebrum, midbrain
Brain pons
which interprets information stem medulla
from the sensory organs oblongata

and generates responses

29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The CNS processes information.
2. Cerebellum - allows
for balance

3. Brain Stem controls

basic life functions midbrain
Brain pons
stem medulla
oblongata
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

• The brain stem has three parts.

– midbrain controls some
reflexes midbrain

– pons regulates breathing pons

medulla
– medulla oblongata controls oblongata

heart function, swallowing,

coughing
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

Lobes of the brain

29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

Lobes of the brain

29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

• The spinal cord controls reflexes.

– sensory neuron sends impulse to spinal cord
– spinal cord directs impulse to motor neuron
– does not involve the brain
interneuron

motor neurons

sensory neuron
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The PNS links the CNS to muscles and other organs.
• The somatic nervous system regulates voluntary
movements.
• The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary,
functions
– sympathetic nervous
system: prepares the body
for action or stress
– “fight vs. flight”

– parasympathetic
nervous system: calms
the body, conserves
energy