PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN

ROME, DARK AGES,

FEUDALISM AND
Rennaissance Period.

ALFIE S. SECRETARIO, LPT

MAPEH INSTRUCTOR
 Many contributions made by the Greeks to
Classical culture, the notion of a mutual dependence
between a sound mind and a healthy body persisted
in Rome throughout the republican and imperial
periods.
Roman political ambition incorporated physical
education into a national program for military
preparedness.
Republican Period

Upon throwing off the rule of the Etruscan kings in 510 BCE, Rome found
herself in a perpetual state of hostility with her Italian neighbors, with
secession movements, and later embroiled in a series of Punic and
Macedonian wars.
Feudalism was  a system of land tenure based on
allegiance and service to the nobleman or lord.
 N D
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PEASANTS

Feudal Pyramid of Power

The Contributors:
Johann Bernhard Basedow (1723-1790)
      - established a school called Philanthropinum the first
school in modern Europe that offered a program where
physical education was a past of the curriculum.
 
Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths (1759-1839)
      - wrote two books Gymnastics for the young and games
which contained illustrations of   various exercises and
apparatus, arguments in favor of physical education
institutions.
 
Gustaf Nybleus (1816-1902)
      - specialized in military gymnastics.
      - His innovation was the inclusion of women in
the school.
 
Neil Bukh
      - introduced Primitive Gymnastics
      - attempted to build the perfect physique through
a series of exercises that were performed with out
cessation of movement.
Some contributors in the development as
physical education as early as 20th century.
 
Thomas Dennison Wood – who were introduced
natural gymnastics which gave moreemphasis on
game and game skills.

Clark Helturington – emphasized on children’s play

activities.
Jessie Bancroft – influenced the development of
physical education as a responsibility of homeroom
teachers in the elementary schools.

Jacob Reis – Symbolic of the play ground

movement in New York.