Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chest Radiography
Chest Radiography
Chest Radiography
Speaker:
Mr. Aditya Thakur
2nd Year B.Sc
RADIODIAGNOSIS AND Moderator:
IMAGING Mr. S.R CHOUDHRY
Department of Radiodiagnosis &
Imaging
P.G.I.M.E.R., Chandigarh.
INTRODUCTION
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Structure lies inside the mediastinum
1 Trachea and its bronchus
2 Oesophagus
3 Muscles
4 Heart enclosed in pericardium
5 Aorta
Trachea: It is fibro elastic tube about 11cm
long extending from the larynx at the level
of 6th cervical vertebra to lower border of
4th thoracic vertebra where it is divided in
the
right & left bronchi one for each lung.
Lung: The lungs are pair of respiratory
organs and spongy in texture. Each lung
is conical in shape. The right lung is
divided into 3 lobes
a) Superior
b) Middle
c) Inferior by the two fissure a) Oblique b)
Horizontal
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Structure lies inside the
mediastinum Contd…
Left lung is divided into two lobes by the oblique
fissure.
A. Superior
B. Inferior
Heart: The heart is a conical, hollow muscular organ
situated into the middle mediastinum. It is enclosed with in
pericardium.
The heart is placed obliquely behind the body of
the sternum so that 1/3 of its lies the right and 2/3 to the
left of the median plane.
Indications of the Chest
Radiography
1. Pulmonary diseases such as
Koch’s disease.
OBLIQUE
a. PA Oblique
- Left PA Oblique
- Right PA Oblique
b. AP Oblique
- Left AP Oblique
- Right AP Oblique
2. Apicogram
3. Lordotic
4. Decubitus
PA View
Position of patient :
Patient is made to stand in PA position, facing the
cassette, in front of vertical chest stand.
Chin of the patient is placed over the cassette
The cassette is adjusted 1 ½” above the upper border
of the shoulder.
Position of part :
Hands of the patient should be placed on waist level
below the hips , so that they will not be superimposed
on CP angles.
Palms should face upwards and arms are rotated
internally to throw out the scapula out of lungs.
Shoulders sould lie in the same transverse plane and
depressed to carry the clavicles below the apices.
Cassette Size: The cassette size is chosen so
that it must include the apices and lower
region of the diaphragm and chest wall. It
must includes the costophrenic angle (CP)
Central Ray: C.R. is directed at right angle to
the film at the Junction of 4th & 5th thoracic
vertebra,
FFD: generally 5 feet (6 feet for Heart size).
Breathing Instructions: The exposure is given
in arrested inspiration phase, to show the
greatest possible area of lung structure.
P.A Position
L
Exposure Wise
a. Trachea & bifurcation of trachea must be seen
in the midline.
b. Vertebral bodies should be faintly visible but not
inter vertebral space.
c. Heart & diaphragm show a sharp outline.
d. Peripheral lung vessels must be seen.
Processing wise: Put a finger
under the darkest
area of the film. If finger is not
seen properly, then
it is properly developed.
PA in expiration
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Left posterior oblique: The patient in AP position
&
the left side of the trunk is kept in contact with the
cassette. Patient is rotated to bring the right side
away from the film. So the coronal plane is an angle
of 450 to the film.
Central Ray: at right Angle to the middle of the
film or
at the level of 6th thoracic vertebra.
Structure shown:
The maximum area of lung.
mediastinal content.
Also shown trachea & entire left
pulmonary artery.
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APICOGRAM
Apicogram is done when there is doubt of T.B. T.B mostly
begins in apex region where the lesion is superimposed by
clavicle.
Apicogram can be done in two ways:
Tube angle, patient straight
the apices.
Sternal ends of clavicle should
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Apicogram Axial Projection
LL
Clavicle
Apex
Resultant Image
Lordotic View
This projection is done to see
Middle lobe collapse of R Lung
Demonstrate the magnified interlobular effusions
Resultant Image
Decubitus Projection
Resultant Image
Selection Of Kilovoltage
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