A PRESENTATION ON STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

UNDERTAKEN AT

BLENDTECH PAINT, 12-20 CLEM ROAD, IJAIYE, OJOKORO, LAGOS STATE.

(SEPTEMBER 2019 – FEBRUARY 2020)

PRESENTATION TOPIC: PAINT TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY:
AYOOLA ABOSEDE MARGARET
CHM/2016/084
HISTORY OF PAINT

The need for paint arose from the desire to apply colour to surfaces of objects such as buildings, cars, steel
works, plastic objects to beautify and protect them

Paint was first used as a protective coating by the Egyptians and Hebrews who applied pitches and balsams to
the exposed wood of their ships. During the middle ages, some inland wood also received protective coatings of
paint but due to the scarcity of paint, this practice was generally limited to store fronts and signs. Samples of the
first known paintings made between 20,000 and 26,000 years ago survived in caves in France and Spain. Early
artists relied on easily available natural substances to make paint such as a natural earth pigments, charcoal,
berry juice, lard blood and milkweed sap. Later, the ancient Chinese, Egyptians, Hebrews, Greeks and Romans
used more sophisticated materials to produce paints for limited decoration such as painting walls.
DEFINITION OF PAINTS

Paint is a coloured substance which is spread over a surface and dries to leave a thin decorative or protective

coating. It is used to decorate, protect and prolong the life of natural and synthetic materials and act as a barrier

against environmental conditions.

FUNCTIONS OF PAINTS

• Protection: paint helps to against internal or extern environmental which may be chemically or physically
damaging e.g corrosion.
• Decoration: it makes object more attractive and valuable.
• Communication: paint is use to give information by means of painted signs like road lane marking
• Art: paint can also be used in art to make it beautiful and valuable.
• Environmental: paints can be used to prevent or stop growth of weeds and barnacles which may result in
excessive drag, necessitating in the increased consumption of fuel.
• Modification of surface properties: paint can also be use to change the way in which a surface reacts e.g
water repellency.
• Fixation: it fix or reinforce unstable material e.g old buildings.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF PAINTS

• Primers: this is the first coat to be applied to a surface. They provide adhesion of the total coating system to
the surface, assist in protecting that surface and provide satisfactory surface for the subsequent coats.

• Undercoats: these are applied over the primer or filler.

• Stoppers and fillers: they are applied on a surface containing holes or deep indentation in surfaces to be
painted.

• Topcoats: these are designed to dry to film which exhibit a high gloss.

• Sealers: where surfaces are porous, absorption of paint medium can upset the pigment/binder ratio of the
paints applied and sealers are therefore used to eliminate the suction.
COMPONENTS OF PAINTS
• Binders (Resin): it is also known as film former it binds the particles of the pigment and extenders together so that a smooth fine
film is formed on applying the paint on a substrate. It imparts properties such as gloss, durability, flexibility and toughness in
paint.
• Pigments: it gives colour, opacity and also contribute to the protective property of the paint. Organic pigment are more brighter
and more stable.
• Solvents: it helps to reduce viscosity of the paint thereby allowing it to flow freely during application.
• Extenders: it reduces gloss, controls the settling properties of the paint, cheapen the paint by increasing its build (i.e it reduces the
cost of production).
• Additives: they are usually added in small quantity to give special qualities such as storing power, ability to dry normally,
evenness of brushmarks, resistance to skinning and resistance to the growth of moulds and fungi.
Classification of Additives:
• Thickener
• Defoamer
• Fungicides
• Antiskining agents
• Coalescence agents
• Driers
• Preservatives
• Dispersant
TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN PAINT

• Hiding power/ coverage:

• Pigment volume concentration
• Volume solid:
• Drying time:
Methods of application of paint

• Spraying:
• Brushing:
• Dipping:
• Air-atomized spraying:
TYPES OF PAINT

• Satin paint: it is a water based paint and is commonly referred to as nylon paint because it is washable and
has more gloss than emulsion paint. It resist dust and does not absorb water.
• Emulsion paint: it is a water based paint that has low odour and less toxic as compared to other oil based
paint and it possess zero volatile organic compounds.
• Texcoat: also a water based paint can be used for both interior and exterior use.
• Gloss: is an oil based paint and can be used on steel, chipboard, hardboard e.t.c.
• Body filler: it is a polyester resin based paint.
PAINT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

There are 3 basic stages in the making of paints:

• Mill-charge or dispersion stage
• Stabilization stage
• Let-down stage
HOW PAINTS DRY

• By oxidation and polymerization

• By solvent evaporation
• By heat or stoving
• By chemical reaction
PROPERTIES OF AN IDEAL PAINT

• Ease of application
• Good flow out of application marks (e.g brush marks)
• Forming a continuous protective film
• High opacity
• Quick drying
• Corrosion resistance
• Water resistance
• Heat resistance
• Colour stability
• Abrasion and scratch resistance
• Durability
• Flexibility
Some materials used in emulsion paint and their functions

• TiO2: it is a natural white pigment it gives paint high hiding power.

• Tylose: serves as thickener and also makes the paint more durable on the wall.
• Defoamer: they eliminate foam and also contributes to achieving even coatings.
• Kerosene: serves as coalescing agent.
• Resin: they are most important because they bind pigment and other component to the substrate after application.
• CaCO3: serves as the extender it gives paint the body or build.
• Water: it is the solvent and helps in reducing viscosity.
• Dispersant: to disperse the paint component.
• Incan: serves as preservatives, formalin and ammonia can be used in place of this.
• Soda: act as coalescing agent and preservative.
• Sitrex: also serves as extender when calcium is in limited supply.
• Calgon: slows down sedimentation and also stabilizes water hardness.
QUALITY CONTROL TEST

• Viscosity:
• Specific gravity test:
• Fineness:
• Opacity test:
• Impact test: