Presented By

M.Bilal Hasan (TE-2008-110)

Danish Salim (TE-2008-081)
Bilal Saeed (TE-2008-085)
What is Telemetry?
Telemetry is a technology that allows remote measurement
and reporting of information.
The word is derived from Greek roots tele = remote,
and metron = measure.
Systems that need external instructions and data to operate
require the counterpart of telemetry called telecommand.
Although the term commonly refers to wireless data transfer
mechanisms (e.g. using radio or infrared systems), it also
encompasses data transferred over other media, such as a
telephone or computer network, optical link or other wired
communications.
Many modern telemetry systems take advantage of the low cost
and ubiquity of GSM networks by using SMS to receive and
transmit telemetry data.
Why Telemetry?
Telemetry lets you stay in a safe (or convenient) location
while monitoring what's taking place in an unsafe (or
inconvenient) location. For Example, In aircraft
development.
For Industrial applications, Telemetry saves time, reduces
overheads, improves customer satisfaction, provides
additional selling features and in many applications has a
rapid payback.
Telemetry is used with satellites, space probes, and
mobile robots. Telemetry is employed in manned
spacecraft, such as the Space Shuttle and the International
Space Station (ISS), to monitor the physical condition of
astronauts and to ensure the maintenance of a proper
working environment for them.
General Telemetry System
A telemetry transmitter consists of a set of measuring
instruments, an encoder that translates instrument
readings into analog or digital signals, a modulator, and a
wireless transmitter with an antenna.
In today's telemetry applications, which support large
numbers of measurands, it is too costly and impractical to
use separate transmission channels for each measured
quantity.
The telemetry process also involves grouping
measurements (such as pressure, speed, and temperature)
into a format that can be transmitted as a single data
stream.
General Telemetry System
Once received, the data stream is separated into the
original measurement’s components for analysis.
A telemetry receiver consists of an antenna, a set of
radio-frequency ( RF ) amplifiers, a demodulator, and
recording devices. A computer can be used to process
and store received information.
General Telemetry System
Important Consideration In
Designing Telemetry
Narrowband FM or Spread Spectrum:
Until recently, narrowband FM was the dominant choice
for wireless telemetry. A licensed, coordinated frequency
was applied for and received assuring any additional
future users would be responsible to avoid interfering.
Now, spread spectrum is a popular choice where licensed
narrowband frequencies are not available. No license to
apply for, simply purchase equipment that is compliant
with the FCC part 15 rules.
Important Consideration In
Designing Telemetry
Risk of Interference:
Narrowband is a licensed frequency coordinated to give
you a channel free from interference.
Spread Spectrum is unlicensed using frequency hopping
technology to avoid interference.
In highly populated areas interference may be a problem
while narrowband frequencies are shared frequencies, the
rules state that any new users must take measures to avoid
interference to all existing users on that frequency.
Important Consideration In
Designing Telemetry
Installation:
Proper installation can mean the difference between a marginal
telemetry system and a reliable one.
Beyond the requirement for a reliable power source and
protection from the elements, proper installation requires
attention to grounding and lightning protection.
Proper grounding guards against unwanted noise entering your
system and will help prevent loss to communications equipment
in the event of a lightning strike.
Lightning protection can prevent a catastrophic failure just
when you need your telemetry system communications the most
to warn about a power failure at a mission critical site.
Applications: Flight Tests
 Flight test programs typically
Vibrations
telemeter data collected from Velocities

on-board flight test
instrumentation over
a PCM/RF link. Flows Pressures Temperatures

 data is analyzed in real-time

for safety reasons and to
provide feedback to the test
pilot.
 Particular challenges for
Telemetering this data
includes fading, multipath
propagation and the Doppler
effect

If it is ORANGE it is flight
test measurement
Applications: Cardiac Monitoring
Outpatient cardiac telemetry is an
option in some hospitals, with patients
wearing monitors outside the hospital,
and it is not necessary for them to be
admitted in the hospital long time.
In case of any serious disturbance such as
heart attack or any critical organ failure,
an alarm could be generated which could
alert the doctors to take action as soon as
the patient arrive at hospital
Applications: Wildlife Research
Telemetry is now being used to
study wildlife, and has been
particularly useful for monitoring
threatened species at the individual
level.
Animals under study may be fitted
with instrumentation ranging from
simple tags
to cameras, GPS packages and
transceivers to provide position and
other basic information to scientists
and stewards.
 Applications: Defense, Space and
Resource Exploration Systems
 Telemetry is an enabling technology for large complex systems such
as missiles, RPVs, spacecraft, oil rigs and chemical plants because it
allows automatic monitoring, alerting, and record-keeping necessary
for safe, efficient operations. Space agencies such as NASA, ESA, and
other agencies use telemetry/telecommand systems to collect data
from operating spacecraft and satellites.
 Telemetry is vital in the development phase of missiles, satellites and
aircraft because the system might be destroyed after/during the test.
Engineers need critical system parameters to analyze (and improve)
the performance of the system. Without telemetry, these data would
often be unavailable.
Other Applications
Rocketry: Telemetry equipment forms an integral part of the rocket
range assets used to monitor the progress of a rocket launch
Energy monitoring: In factories, buildings, and houses, energy
consumption of systems such as HVAC are monitored at multiple
locations, together with the related parameters (e.g. temperature) via
wireless telemetry to one central location
Water management: Telemetry has become indispensable for
water management applications, including water quality and stream
gauging functions
Agriculture: Most activities related to healthy crops and good yields
depend on timely availability of weather and soil data. Wireless weather
stations play a major role in disease prevention and precision irrigation