Mental health

What is mental health?

*A person’s condition with regard to their psychological and
emotional well-being.
*Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and
social well-being.
Many factors contribute to mental health problems, including:
*Biological and Personal Factors
Genetics
Problems during gestation or birth
Substance abuse
Cognitive style
*Environmental Factors
Stressful life events
Chronic stress
Culture
Abuse
Poverty and war
How to Treat mental health Disorder

*Yoga and meditation

*Medication
* Cognitive Behavior Therapy
*Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT)
Difference between Neuroses and Psychoses

Psychoses refer to insanity or madness.

Types of psychoses are:
schizophrenia;
bipolar affective disorder;
delusions
some of personality
While, Neuroses refer to mild mental disorder

Types of neuroses:
anxiety
depression
phobias
some of personality
Note:
A. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in
social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
B. The episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a
substance or to another medical condition.
C. The episode is not better explained by another mental disorder.
Type of Disorders
*Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
*Generalized anxiety disorder
*Depression
* Dependent personality disorder
* Avoidant personality disorder
1- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A. Excessive anxiety and worry are persistent, typically lasting for 6 months or more
about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance).
B. The individual finds it difficult to control the worry.
C. The anxiety and worry are associated with three (or more) of the following six
symptoms.
1. Restlessness. 2. Being easily fatigued. 3. Difficulty concentrating.
4. Irritability. 5. Muscle tension. 6. Sleep disturbance
2-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsessions
Recurrent and persistent thoughts that are experienced.
The individual attempts to suppress thoughts.
Compulsions
1. Repetitive behaviors (e.g., hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental acts (e.g., praying, counting, repeating words
silently).
2. The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress
3- Depressive Disorder
A. Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-
week period.
1. Depressed mood most of the day.
2. Loss of interest or pleasure.
3. Change of appetite.
4. Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.
5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day.
6. Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.
7. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt.
8. Diminished ability to think or concentrate.
9. Suicidal ideation or suicide attempt
4-Antisocial personality disorder
 
Symptoms
Violation of Rules, Deceitfulness, Impulsivity , Irritability and
aggressiveness
,Consistent irresponsibility and Lack of remorse.
 
B. The individual is at least age 18 years.
C. There is evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age 15 years.
5- Avoidance personality disorder
 
Symptoms
 
Symptoms involve being extremely shy and a fear of criticism, rejection or being
ridiculed.
 
Social inhibition, doing individual work
Doesn’t make special relationship.
Doesn’t take personal risk.
Rejection work with others unless certain of success.
Limit of relationship
6- Dependent personality disorder

Symptoms
*Avoidance of personal responsibility.
*Difficulty being alone.
*Fear of abandonment and a sense of helplessness when relationships end.
*Oversensitivity to criticism.
*Pessimism and lack of self-confidence.
*Trouble making everyday decisions.