POST HARVEST

MANAGEMENT OF APPLE
AND VALUE ADDITION
B.BALA SAI GOPAL
2019046011
INTRODUCTION
King of temperate fruit, symbol of health, premier
fruit of the world.
Deciduous fruit tree.
Most widely grown temperate fruit of the world.
Apple bowl of India-Himachal Pradesh
■ Among the fruit apple have long storage life
TAXONOMY IN APPLE
■ Botanical Name:-Malus domesticus
■ Family:-Rosaceae
■ Sub-family:-maloideae
■ 2n=34
■ O.P:-south western asia
■ Flower colour:-white to pink
■ Type of fruit-pome
■ Edible portion-fleshy thalamus (mesocarp)
■ Stone cells are absent in the flesh.
Area and production

Apple account 55% area and 75% production of

temperate fruits in india.
China is the largest apple producing country in the
world.
■ Over 700 accessions of apple, introduced from USA,
Russia, U.K., Canada, Germany, Israel, Netherlands,
Australia, Switzerland, Italy and Denmark have been
tried.
Area in india: 83% of the area under apple in H.P., 45%
in J&K and 30% in U.P. hills.
■ Other:-also been extended to Arunachal Pradesh,
Sikkim, Nagaland, and Meghalaya in north-eastern
region and Nilgiri hills in Tamil Nadu.
POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT
– HARVESTING
– PRECOOLING
– GRDING
– STORAGE
– PACKING
– TRANSPORTATION
– MARKETING
HARVEST AND YIELD
■ Apple being a climacteric fruit, the maturity period
does not coincide with ripening.
■ Maturity index:-.colour change, starch index should be
1-2. (starch iodine test)
■ The average yield of different apple varieties in the
state of
■ Uttaranchal is very low (5-6 tonnes/ha.) as compared
to that in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir
which is around 11-13 tonnes/ha.
 PRE COOLING
■ Precooling, the rapid removal of heat from freshly harvested
vegetables.
 GRADING
■ On the basis of fruit size, apples are graded manually in 6
grades. On the basis of fruit colour, shape, quality and
appearance, apple fruits can be graded in three or more quality
grades. These grades are designated as AAA, AA and A;
A,B,C; or extra fancy, fancy class I and fancy class II.
 STORAGE
■ The ideal storage temperature is 30 to 35 degrees F. with 90 to
95 percent relative humidity
■ If you don’t have a lot of apples, the refrigerator is a good
option.
■ Place them in the crisper drawer in a plastic bag with holes in it
or cover the apples with a damp paper towel.
PACKING
■ Apples are packaged in all types of packages to reach the
consumer.
■ Meshes with handles that make the product very easy to carry,
with a plastic string where all the characteristics of the produce
are explained.
■ Plastic bags are one of the most economic and common ways
to take apples home. Transport and marketing
 CONCLUSION
■ Apple contribute significantly to the horticulture economy of India.
■ New vision and concerted efforts are required for change in variety
mix, supply of quality planting material from elite clones on
indexed clonal rootstocks.
■ Adoption of post-harvest management practices and infrastructure
development for grading, packaging, pre-cooling and storage of the
produce needs focused developmental attention.
■ Value addition and export promotion, particularly of apple are
drawing due attention of the developmental agencies in India.