3.

SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
AGRIECONOMY
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES

Agriculture is a
necessity….. Agriculture has no
many substitutes!
INCREASE IN USES OF NATURAL
DEMOGRAPHICS RESOURCES

Global trends
severe substitution
of resources
FOOD WASTE CLIMATE CHANGE
 INCREASE IN
DEMOGRAPHICS
BOOSTS DEMAND
FOR FOOD

World population
Meanwhile, is expected to
agriculture’s share grow to 33%,
of global GDP has 10 billion people
shrunk to 3% by 2050,

Urbanization is stimulating
Thus population
improvements in
structure, which permit growth will boost
trade in perishable goods. demand for food,
REASONS FOR SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
2.USES OF NATURAL RESOURCES ARE HIGHLY STRESSED

More 4425%
than
Thus situation
of
%40is% ofallthe
farmland
moderately
resulted world’s isslightly
orrural
in smaller
highly
population
farms, lower
degraded
living in water-scarce
degraded.
production areas.
3.REASONS FOR SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
FOOD WASTE

33 % -50 % of all foods produced globally is never eaten, and the

value of this wasted food is more than $1 trillion.

US food waste represents 1.3 % of total GDP.

Meanwhile 800 million people starving from hungry every day.

every one could be fed on less than a quarter of the food that is
wasted in the US, UK, and Europe each year.
WAYS OF SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
Here are general trends where technology can
substitute some resources

3
tren
ds
Using differently
new techniques

Use new technologies to increase

efficiencies in the food chain

Incorporate cross-industry technologies and

applications
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.1.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION :

Hydroponics, is a set of hydroculture,

method of growing plants
 without soil,
 using mineral nutrient solutions in a
water solvent.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3pxln7Itd4&t=56s
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.1.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION

Best Hydroponics example

The Sundrop System company of Australia
 Uses the sun’s energy to produce freshwater
for irrigation.
 And turns it into electricity to power
greenhouse to heat and cool crops
Hydroponics example
The Sundrop System company of Australia
Hydroponics example
The Sundrop System company of Australia
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.2.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION is

ALGAE FEEDSTOCK
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.2.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION:

ALGAE FEEDSTOCK in aquaculture

sites can become a substitute for
feedstock and fishmeal.
The cost of farming algae is between
$400 and $600 per metric ton, a 60
percent to 70 % savings compared to
fishmeal, which costs $1,700 per ton.
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.3.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION:

DESERT AGRICULTURE AND SEAWATER FARMING

• Most of the world’s surface is covered in water,
in the form of oceans. The remaining landmass
of the Earth amounts to 29% of the surface.
• To tackle the food crisis, the world must turn the
world’s desert and sea into food production
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.3.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION:

DESERT AGRICULTURE AND SEAWATER

FARMING

Drought, salt, and heat amount decreases 60% of total

productivity, improving the ability of plants to adapt to
extreme stress conditions depends on seeking to specific
microbes associated with plants growing in extreme heat,
drought, and salt conditions
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
1.4.USING DIFFERENTLY NEW TECHNIQUES IN PRODUCTION:

SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING:
BIOPLASTICS

The startup TIPA, however, wants to change all

plastic packaging to
• a compostable - something that when
discarded, would decompose and leave no
toxic result.
• recyclable package
 SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
2.2. USE NEW TECHNOLOGIES INCREASING EFFICIENCIES IN THE FOOD
CHAIN
VERTICAL AND URBAN FARMING

Vertical farming is one answer to providing high productivity.

It is the process of growing food in vertical layers, using
hydroponic methods.
uses 95% less water,
less fertilizer and nutritional supplements,
and no pesticides
****See the related video
SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES
2.2. USE NEW TECHNOLOGIES INCREASING EFFICIENCIES IN THE FOOD CHAIN

Advantages of DRONE TECHNOLOGY

1.Soil and field analysis: By producing precise 3-D maps for early soil analysis,
drones can play a role in planning seed planting and gathering data for managing
irrigation and nitrogen levels.
2.Planting: Startups have created drone-planting systems that decrease planting
costs by 85%. These systems shoot pods with seeds and nutrients into the soil,
providing all the nutrients necessary for growing crops.
3.Crop spraying: spraying by drones is 5 times faster than traditional machinery.
4.Crop monitoring: can show the development of a crop and reveal production
inefficiencies, enabling better management.
5.Irrigation: Sensor drones can identify water strees
6.Health assessment: By scanning a crop using light, drone can help track changes
in plants and indicate their health—and alert farmers to disease.