JOSE PROTASIO

RIZAL
MERCADO Y
ALONSO
REALONDA
JOSE
PROTASIO
RIZAL
MERCADO
Y ALONSO
REALONDA
On June 19, 1861, Jose Protasio Rizal
Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born in
Calamba in the Philippines, Laguna
Province. The second son and the seven
among the eleven children of Francisco
Mercado and Teodora Alonso. Her
mnother is her first teacher. A brilliant
student who become proficient in
multiple languages, Jose Rizal studied
medicine in Manila because of her desire
to help her mother on her medication.
Jose Rizal was born on
June 19, 1861 at
calamba, laguna. He was
a writer , poet, teacher,
ophthalmologists,
novelist and sculptor.
A genuine scholar and one of
the great Filipino thinkers of
all time, Rizal had numerous
works that reflected his ideas
on society., education,
women, history, culture,
language, colonialism, and
revolution.
A prolific writer at such a young
age, Rizal wrote A La Juventud
Filipina (to the filipino youth,
1879) and El Consejo de los
Dioses (the council of the gods,
1880) that won him top honors
in a competition while still
studying at university of Santo
Tomas.
In A la Juventud Filipina, Rizal
extolled the Filipino youth and their
contribution to the society,
especially that the hope of the
nation lies on them. Education is of
prime importance to Rizal if the
Filipinos wanted to aspire for
nationhood as reflected in most of
his works.
The ills of the society as a
result of deteriorating
colonial rule are reflected
in two of his major works,
the Noli Me Tangere (1887)
and El Filibusterismo
(1891).
In Noli Me Tangere Rizal
pointed out the various
weaknesses of Philippine
society as a result of
oppressive colonial policies
and the lack to reforms to
address the pressing needs of
the time.
Undoubtedly, all these symptoms
could lead to violent events if left
unresolved. We all know that
Ibarra, Maria Clara, Padre
Damaso and his cast of colourful
characters in the novel personify
the multi-layered contradictions
in the Philippine society during
Rizal’s time.
CHARACTERS
IN
NOLI ME
TANGERE
 Characters Roles
Ibarra The main character, a Filipino who studied in Europe
and the lover of Maria Clara.
Elias Ibarra’s friend who is fugitive and once to start a
revolution in the Philippines.
Maria Clara Ibarra’s love interest and daughter of Padre Damaso.
Padre Damaso A friar who is Maria Clara’s biological father.
Sisa Mother of Basilio and Crispin who lost her sanity when
she lost her sons.
Basilio Elder son of Sisa.
Crispin Younger son of Sisa.
Kapitan Tiago Known father of Maria Clara.
Padre Salvi Admirer of Maria Clara.
Pilosopo Tasyo Considered as wise thinker but a lunatic for some of her
neighbours.
CHARACTERS
IN
EL
FILIBUSTERISMO
 Characters Roles
Simon The affluent who wanted to start a revolution but
eventually failed at the end.
Basilio The son of Sisa who is now a medicine student.
Isagani A close friend of Basilio and former lover of
Paulita Gomez.
Kabesang Tales A former local official turn into an outlaw named
Matang Lawin.
Don Custodio A journalist who married a rich women to be part
of the elite class.
Paulita Gomez The former love interest of Isagani who married
Juanito Pelaez instead.
Father Florentino The godfather of Isagani and a secular priest.
Huli The love interest of Basilio
Ben Zayb A jourmnalist who consides himself as the only
one thinking in the philippines.
Placedo Penitente A student in university of Sto. Tomas
Quiroga A chinese business man.
Rizal also wrote essays that
highlight his views on so many
important social issues of his time.
In Filipinas Dentro de Cien Anos
( the philippines a century Hence,
1889), he predicted of an
independent Philippines co-equal
with Spain as well as the steady rise
of the United States as a world
power.
According to the essay,
independence may be
obtained by the Filipinos but
not after a bloody revolution
because of wide spread
discontent and dissent to
Spanish authorities.
In Sobre La Indolencia de los
Filipinos ( on the indolence of
the Filipinos, 1890), he
defended the natives are seen
as lazy and backward by the
colonial masters, Rizal
reminded the readers that
laziness is innate in all races.
However , due to Spanish
colonialism, the indolence
besetting the n atives was
aggravated by the harsh policies
implemented by the officials.
Moreover, work productivity of the
natives is being hampered by the
tropical climate that results in their
excessive sweating when working.
The Philippines also has an
abundant natural resource which
means that there is no urgent
need for the natives to work
tirelessly in the fields because
they can easily obtain their
needs from nature when they
need to do so.
In his letter To the Young
Women of Malolos ( Sa mga
kababayang dalaga sa Malolos,
1888), Rizal praised the filipino
women of his time for their
continuing effort to establish a
night school Spanish Language
despite of the friar curate.
Rizal emphasized that the primacy
of education must also apply to
women and that they should retain
positive values as they teach their
children. For Rizal, Filipino women
should always safeguard their
dignity and honor while not
hesitating to offer their sons in
defense of their country if the need
arises.
It is also worth mentioning here
that rizal tried to establish the
La Liga Filipina in tondo, Manila
on July 3, 1892 with the hope of
directly involving the people to
help reform the society and
assist fellow Filipinos to improve
their lot.
 THE AIMS OF ORGANIZATION AS
STATED IN IT’S CONSTITUTION
DRAFTED BY RIZAL.
1.To unite the whole archipelago into the
compact, vigorous, and homogeneous
body.
2.Mutual protection in every want and
necessity.
3.Defence against all violence and injustice.
4.Encouragement of instruction,
agriculture, and commerce.
5.Study and application of reforms.