THE NURSING PROCESS

NURSING PROCESS

a deliberate activity whereby the practice of nursing

is performed in a systematic manner

the foundation, the essential, enduring skill that has

characterized nursing from the beginning of the
profession

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 NURSING PROCESS

A SYSTEMATIC & OUTCOME ORIENTED method that

nurses use to expedite diagnosis and treatment of actual and
potential health problems

consists of 5 INTERRELATED STEPS ;

Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation & Evaluation
which serves as
CRITICAL THINKING MODEL FOR NURSING

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PURPOSE OF THE NURSING PROCESS

 ☺ to provide a systematic methodology for

 nursing practice:

 ☺ it unifies, standardizes, and directs

 nursing practice

 ☺ help the nurse continually assess & reassess the

patient’s response to illness & then plan appropriate
care in any setting for illness care or health promotion
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
THAT PROMOTE CRITICAL THINKING

☺ PURPOSEFUL & DELIBERATE

 each step has specific principles and rules designed
to achieve a specific purpose
☺ HUMANISTIC
 must consider unique interests, values, desires and
culture
 guides you to focus holistically on the body, mind
& spirit
 pushes you to consider health problems in context
of how they impact on sense of well-being and
ability to do desired activities

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
THAT PROMOTE CRITICAL THINKING

☺ SYSTEMATIC
 five steps guide you to think systematically about what’s
 most important & to take deliberate steps to maximize efficiency
☺ STEP - BY – STEP, YET DYNAMIC
 to ensure that nothing important is missed
☺ OUTCOME- FOCUSED & COST EFFECTIVE
 result oriented
 designed to help you stay focused on getting the best results in the most
efficient way

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
THAT PROMOTE CRITICAL THINKING
☺ PRO-ACTIVE
 emphasizes the need to not only treat problems, but also
 maximize health by managing risk factors & by encouraging healthy
behaviors
☺ EVIDENCE-BASED
 it mandates that judgments, decisions, & actions be based on the best
evidence than guesswork

 strict documentation requirements ensure that we have the data we

need to manage care & help researchers study care practices & improve
them

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
THAT PROMOTE CRITICAL THINKING
☺ INTUITIVE & LOGICAL
principles of nursing process push you to acknowledge patterns &
intuitive hunches, then to look for evidence that supports your
intuition

☺ REFLECTIVE, CREATIVE & IMPROVEMENT-ORIENTED

 stresses the need for on-going evaluation, requiring to continually
reflect on both patient responses (outcomes) &practice (how we
give care) so that corrections can be immediately done

requires to work continually to improve nursing care, encouraging

one to think creatively about how to get better results in easier,
more efficient, less costly ways

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THE NURSING PROCESS

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Principles of Nursing Process (ACODE):

A cognitive process
Client centered
Outcome-directed;
Systematic problem-solving approach
Dynamic and cyclic
Encourages medical diagnosis
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STEPS OF THE NURSING PROCESS

 1. ASSESSMENT
 Collect & Record all information needed to be able
to:
 Predict, detect, prevent, manage, or eliminate
health problems
 Clarify expected outcomes (results?)
 Develop a comprehensive plan

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  2. DIAGNOSIS
 Analyze assessment data, draw conclusions, and
determine:
 Actual and potential health problems and their
cause(s)
 Presence of risk factors
 Resources, strengths, use of healthy behaviors
 Health states that are satisfactory but could be
improved
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STEPS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
 3. PLANNING
 Clarify expected outcomes, set priorities, and determine
interventions. The interventions are designed to:
 detect, prevent, and manage health problems and risk
factors
 promote optimum function, independence, and sense of
well-being
 achieve the expected outcomes safely and efficiently

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STEPS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
 4. IMPLEMENTATION
 Put the plan into action by:
 Assessing appropriateness of (and readiness for)
interventions
 Performing interventions, then reassessingto
determine initial responses
 Making immediate changes as needed
 Charting to monitor progress

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STEPS OF THE NURSING PROCESS
5. EVALUATION
Assess the patient to decide whether expected
outcomes have been met
Then decide whether to discharge the patient or
modify the plan as appropriate, and you plan for
ongoing continuous assessment and
improvement.

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 END OF SLIDE

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