GROUP 7

THE EVOLUTIONARY
HISTORY OF
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
Instructor: Dr. Bui Hong Thuy
Date: 02/12/2019
4/ Describe the role of the extracellular matrix in
embryonic development
The ECM influences cell differentiation

ECM provides an environment through which cells can migrate

and provides a substratum for their adhesion.
4/ Describe the role of the extracellular matrix in
embryonic development
- ECM provides stability to tissues in the formation process.
- Proteoglycan cushion cells.
- Collagen provides strength and resilience.
- ECM proteins( fibronectin, laminin) help to bind all the
components of the ECM together.
4/ Describe the role of the extracellular matrix
in embryonic development
 GROUP 8

ANIMAL FORM &

FUNCTION 1
Date: 09/12/2019
Instructor: Bui Hong Thuy
Describe the function of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, platelets, fibrin.
» Erythrocytes (red blood cells): Transport oxygen
and help transport carbon dioxide
» Hemoglobin is a protein of erythrocytes
 Knowledge Testing 3

1.Describe the function of erythrocytes,

leukocytes, platelets, fibrin.
2.Compare and contrast open and closed
circulatory systems.
 Describe the function of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, platelets, fibrin.
Checking the number of erythrocytes in the blood is usually part of a
complete blood count (CBC) test.
» It may be used to look
for conditions such as
anemia, dehydration,
malnutrition, and
leukemia
Describe the function of erythrocytes, leukocytes,
platelets, fibrin.
Leukocytes (white blood cells): are a part of the immune system
that helps fight infection and defend the body against other foreign
materials. There are 5 types:
Describe the function of erythrocytes, leukocytes,
platelets, fibrin.
Basophils mounting a Lymphocytes (B lymphocytes and T
non-specific immune lymphocytes) important in the
response to pathogens immune system
 Describe the function of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, platelets, fibrin.
• B lymphocytes responsible for humoral
immunity,  produce antibodies - proteins
(gamma globulins) that recognize
foreign substances (antigen) and attach
themselves to them
• T lymphocytes recognize, respond to
and remember antigens

 
Describe the function of erythrocytes, leukocytes,
platelets, fibrin.

Monocytes are the garbage trucks of the immune system

White blood cells (BC) test

is used to diagnose health
condition to detect some
diseases.
Describe the function of erythrocytes, leukocytes,
platelets, fibrin.
Platelets: blood clotting Fibrin: the polymerized fibrin together
with platelets forms a hemostatic plug or
clot to cover a wound site to prevent that
blood continue flow out of
 Knowledge Testing 4
1.Distinguish between the following pairs of terms:
hormones and local regulators, paracrine and
autocrine signals.
2.Explain how the antagonistic hormones insulin
and glucagon regulate carbohydrate
metabolism.
3.Describe the evidence that steroid hormones
have intracellular receptors, while water-soluble
hormones have cell-surface receptors.
 Insulin
hormone

Glucagon hormone
ANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTION 2
GROUP 9

Lecturer: Bui Hong Thuy

Testing knowledge 2.1: Explain how the hypothalamus and the pituitary
glands interact and how they coordinate the endocrine system in male
•GnRH:  Triggers the release of FSH
and LH
•FSH: Produces and nourish sperm
•LH: Stimulates the Leydig cells to
secrete testosterone and other
androgen
•Inhibin: Negative feedback to the
anterior pituitary in control of FSH
•Testosterone: assists in sperm
production and
•Promoting secondary sexual
characteristics.
•Negative feedback to hypothalamus
and anterior pituitary in control of
FSH, LH, and GnRH
Testing knowledge 2.5: List and describe the functions of hormones
released by ovary and testis.
Female Sex Hormones
Estrogen:
• Ensures development of secondary sex
characteristics during puberty .
• Development of breasts and the mammary
glands within the breasts
• Increased adipose (fat) tissue in the breasts,
thighs, and buttocks
• Increased growth of hair in the pubic region
.
• Growth of genitalia and stimulate
endometrial growth
PROGESTERONE’S FUNCTIONS

• Regulate the condition of

the inner lining
endometrium of the uterus.
• Prepare the uterus wall for
possible implantation of an
embryo (Prepare for
pregnancy)
• During pregnancy,
progesterone also
stimulates development of
the glands in the breasts
that are responsible for
milk production.
Hormones are
released by
testis is
testosterone.
Male Sex Hormones
Testosterone:
• Determines the development of male
genitalia during embryonic development
• Ensures development of secondary sex
characteristics during puberty
• Body hair on face, chest, pubic region
• Enlargement of the larynx and thickening of the
vocal cords (lowering pitch of voice)
• Increased muscular growth, broadening of
shoulders, and narrowing of waist

• Maintains the sex drive of males

throughout their lifetime
L E C T U R E R : B U I H O N G T H U Y,
PH.D.

Biology
Plant Form
and
Function
A Presentati on Of Group 10
 Question 8

Function
Compare the growth of a plant in darkness
(etiolation) to the characteristics of greening
and

(de-etiolation)
lant Form
 Etiolation
De-etiolation

is a series of physiological and biochemical

is a process in flowering plant grown in
changes a plant shoot undergoes in response
partial or complete absence of light.
to sunlight. This process is also known
The development of seedlings in the
informally as greening. The changes triggered
dark is known as “skotomorphogenesis”
in the plant shoot all occur in preparati on for
and leads to etiolated seedlings
photosynthesis.
 Etiolation
De-etiolation - Plant adaption in the dark
- Stem elongate
- Plate long stems,
- Leaves expand
unexpanded leaves,
- Roots elongate
- Pale yellow color (lack of
- Shoot produces chlorophyll
chlorophyll)

- Short roots

- Apical hook
Compare the growth of plant in darkness (etiolation) to the

characteristics of greening (de-etiolation)

 and Function
Plant Form

Question 9
What is the difference between
gymnosperms and angiosperms? What
advantage did angiosperms have over
gymnosperms?
 Gymnosperms
Angiosperms

Angiosperms are flowering Gymnosperms are seed plants

plants that produce fruits that produce naked seeds

enclosing the seeds

What is the difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms? What advantage
Double fertilization : the fertilization process characteristic of flowering plants, in

which one sperm cell of a pollen grain fertilizes an egg cell while a second fuses with

two polar nuclei to produce a triploid body that gives rise to the endosperm
What is the difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms? What advantage
What is the difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms? What advantage
 Angiosperms have a reproductive advantage over
gymnosperms
• Seeds are enclosed -> better protection
• Fruits for seed dispersal and flowers for
pollination

What is the difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms? What advantage

Question 6.

Distinguish between conservation

biology and restoration biology
Conservation
applies ecological
principles to
return degraded
ecosystems to
seeks to preserve conditions as
life, integrates similar as possible
several fields: to their natural
Ecology, Physiology, state.
Molecular biology,
Genetics,
Evolutionary
biology

Restoration