MRTP ACT

MONOPOLY
 Examples of Monopoly
 Google
 Meta {formerly facebook}
 De Beers group
 Luxottica {This Italian company makes glasses
and frames for high fashion brands such as
Prada, Chanel, Dolce & Gabbana, Versace,
Burberry, Ralph Lauren, Tiffany, Rayban, and
many others. Ultimately, Luxottica controls
80% of major brands in the eyeglass industry}
 Microsoft
 Indian Examples
 IRCTC – 100% IRCTC is a state-owned entity
and the only player in the Indian markets that
operate in the Industry. ...
 HAL – 100% ...
 Nestle – Cerelac – 96.5%
 Coal India – 82% ...
 Hindustan zinc – 78% ...
 ITC- 77% ...
 Marico – Oil Products – 73% ...
 Pidilite
IRCTC
Nestle---Cerelac
ITC--Classic, Gold Flake, Capstan, Flake
Marico--- Saffola & Parachute
Pidilite -70%- (Fevicol and M-seal), (Dr.
Fixit)
 What is Unfair Trade Practice?

 An unfair trade practice refers to that

malpractice of a trader that is unethical or
fraudulent. These practices cause an
inconvenience or grievance to consumers.

 An unfair trade practice is the deceitful and

misleading representation of goods and
services which portrays a false image of the
product. 
 Illustrations of Unfair Trade Practices

 A dress has been used for 2 months and is now

being sold by a seller as a new dress.

 The battery of a mobile phone is guaranteed to

work well for one year but wears away in a
month.

 A geyser that is not ISI approved has an ISI

mark.
 What is Restrictive Trade Practice?

 – A compulsion to purchase, hire or avail any

good or service in order to obtain any other
good or service.
 Illustrations of Restrictive Trade Practices:
 A trader accumulates his stock of food grains
in order to increase the price of the grains in
the market so that he can sell it at a higher
price.
 In order to buy a television from trader X, one
needs to buy a table first.
 Difference Between Unfair Trade Practice and
Restrictive Trade Practice

 An unfair trade practice is the deceitful and misleading

representation of goods and services which portrays a
false image of the product. Information regarding
utility, quality and standard, style etc of goods and
services may be twisted under this practice.
 Restrictive Trade Practice, however, is when traders try
to change the flow of money in the market in order to
maximize their profits . Here, independent sellers hike
their collective profits by limiting supply by controlling
selling prices or the prices of purchased inputs. This is
the primary difference in unfair trade practice and
restrictive trade practice