Learning Objectives

 Identify some technological elements of manufacturing

systems and their relationship to CIM components

 Industrial robotics
 Automated handling systems (AHS)
 Automated storage/retrieval systems (AS/RS)
 Automated inspection
 Industrial networks
 Industrial information systems
 Flexible manufacturing systems

 Differences and links between CAD, CAM, CAD/CAM,

CAPP and CIM
 Learning Resources
Essential Reference:

Automation, Production Systems, and Computer

Integrated Manufacturing.
Mikell Groover, Prentice Hall, 2000 or later.

Textbooks:

Systems Approach to Computer-Integrated

Design and Manufacturing.
Nanua Singh, John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

Computer Integrated Manufacturing.

James Rehg and Henry Kraebber, Prentice Hall,
2001.
 Assessment Methods

• Midterm 1 (15%)
• Midterm 2 (15%)
• Project (20%)
• Lab (10%)
• Final (40%)
 Course Outline
 Introduction (one week)
 Relation of CIM to components and processes of manufacturing
systems

 Industrial Robots (two weeks)

 Types and specifications, application, selection, robot
performance, movement and economic calculation, robot
programming.

 Material handling systems (three weeks)

 Concept and configuration, types and technology, programming
and design.
 Transport systems (one week)
 Storage systems (one week)
 Automatic Identification and Data Capture (one week)
 Course Outline
 Industrial networks (two weeks)

 Industrial information systems (one week)

 Computer aided process planning (one week)

Inspection technologies (two weeks)

 Flexible manufacturing systems (one week)

Lecture (1)

Introduction
 Outline

 Overview of manufacturing systems

 Definition of CIM

 Relation of CIM to CAD, CAM and CAD/CAM

 Advantages of CIM
 Production system defined
A collection of people, equipment, and procedures
organized to accomplish the manufacturing
operations of a company
Two categories:
• Facilities –factory and equipment in the facility and
the way the facility is organized (plant layout)
• Manufacturing support systems – the set of
procedures used by a company to manage production
and to solve technical and logistics problems
– Ordering materials
– Moving work through the factory
– Ensuring that products meet quality standards
Representation of a production
System
More detailed representation of a
production System
 Types of Manufacturing Systems
 Continuous-flow processes. Continuous production of large
amounts of bulk products (chemicals, plastics, petroleum, and
food industries).
 Mass production of discrete products. Dedicated production of
large quantities of one product (with perhaps limited model
variations). Examples include automobiles, appliances and
engine blocks.
 Batch production. Production of medium lot sizes of the same
product. The lot may be produced once or repeated periodically.
Examples: books, clothing and certain industrial machinery.
 Job-shop production. Production of low quantities, often one of
a kind, of specialized products. The products are often
customized and technologically complex. Examples: prototypes,
aircraft, machine tools and other equipment.
Types of Manufacturing Systems
 Manufacturing Support Systems
Involves a cycle of information-processing activities
that consists of four functions:
1. Business functions - sales and marketing, order entry,
cost accounting, customer billing
2. Product design - research and development, design
engineering, prototype shop
3. Manufacturing planning - process planning, production
planning, MRP, capacity planning
4. Manufacturing control - shop floor control, inventory
control, quality control
Manufacturing support systems
 What is CIM?
• CIM: Computer Integrated Manufacturing

• Denotes the pervasive use of computer

systems to:
– Design the products
– Plan the production
– Control the operations
– Perform the various business related functions
needed in a manufacturing firm
 Relation of CIM to other
computer systems
The following terms are used to identify specific elements of a
CIM system:

 CAD: Computer Aided Design. Denotes the use of computer

systems to support the product design function

 CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing. Denotes the use of

computer systems to perform functions related to
manufacturing engineering (process planning, NC part
programming, etc.)

 CAD/CAM is used to indicate the integration of the two into

one system
 The Design Process
The general process of design is characterized as an
iterative process consisting of six phases:
1. Recognition of need – identify the need that should
be satisfied by a new design
2. Problem definition - specification of the item
3. Synthesis - creation and conceptualization
4. Analysis and optimization - the concept is analyzed
and redesigned
5. Evaluation - compare design against original
specification
6. Presentation - documenting the design (e.g.,
drawings)
 Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
Any design activity that involves the effective use
of the computer to:
– Create
– Modify
– Analyze
– Document an engineering design

• Commonly associated with the use of an

interactive computer graphics system, referred
to as a CAD system
The Design Process
Using CAD
 How a CAD System is Used
in Product Design (Steps 3 - 6)
3. Geometric modeling
– CAD system develops a mathematical description of
the geometry of an object, called a geometric model
4. Engineering analysis
– Mass properties, interference checking for assemblies,
finite element modeling, kinematic analysis for
mechanisms
5. Design evaluation and review
– Automatic dimensioning, error checking, animation
6. Automated drafting
– Preparation of engineering drawings quickly
 Computer-Aided Manufacturing
(CAM)
The effective use of computer technology in
manufacturing planning and control
• Most closely associated with functions in
manufacturing engineering, such as process
planning and NC part programming
• CAM applications can be divided into two
broad categories:
1. Manufacturing planning
2. Manufacturing control
 CAM Applications in
Manufacturing Planning
• Computer-aided process planning (CAPP)
• Computer-assisted NC part programming
• Computerized machinability data systems
• Computerized work standards
• Cost estimating
• Production and inventory planning
• Computer-aided assembly line balancing
 CAM Applications in
Manufacturing Control
• Process monitoring and control
• Quality control
• Shop floor control
• Inventory control
• Just-in-time production systems
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Y2nAp0aEoL4
 CAD/CAM
• Denotes an integration of design and manufacturing
activities by means of computer systems
– Goal is not only to automate certain phases of design and
certain phases of manufacturing, but also to automate the
transition from design to manufacturing
– In the ideal CAD/CAM system, the product design
specification residing in the CAD data base would be
automatically converted into the process plan for making
the product
Computer Integrated Manufacturing
(CIM)
• Includes all of the engineering functions of CAD/CAM
• Also includes the firm's business functions that are
related to manufacturing
• Ideal CIM system applies computer and
communications technology to all of the operational
functions and information processing functions in
manufacturing
– From order receipt,
– Through design and production,
– To product shipment
The Scope of CAD/CAM and CIM
Computerized Elements
of a CIM System
 Advantages of CIM

 Better product design.

 Reduced lead times.  Greater manufacturing
 Reduced inventories. control.
 Reduced costs  Greater flexibility
 Reduction of machine tools  Supported integration.
 Reduction of floor space  Increased utilization.
 Improved customer  Increased Productivity
service.
 Improved quality.
 Improved communications
with suppliers.
 Focus of the course
This course focuses on enabling technologies of
CIM:
• Automation applications (robots, AS/RS, FMS, etc.)
• Software applications (CAPP, networks, ERP)
• Intégration issues