LESSON 14

MEN AND MASCULINITIES

DIFFERENT TYPES OF MASCULINITIES

Masculinities – as a social cultural and historical construction of men dependent on related to

other factors such as class, ethnicity, sexuality, age and disability.
Hegemonic Masculinity – form of masculinity which is culturally dominant in a given setting.
Protest Masculinity – form of masculinity which culturally dominant in marginalized setting.
Caring Masculinity – proposed that men are able to adopt what is viewed as a traditionally
feminine characteristics.
INTRODUCTION

Since in 1970’s studies on different aspect of manhood (from men in the labor market to men in
the family and violent men etc.) were made by the 20th century, the number of this studies
increased dramatically.

A growing body of literature theorizing men and masculinities focuses on a variety of topics
including men’s violence, fatherhood, pornography, men’s crimes, female masculinity etc.
MEN’S RIGHT LOBBY

According to Warren Farrel, The main founding text on this lobby, in his work, The Myth
Of Male Power: Why are Men The Disposable Sex?
“Men are now the gender victims as a result of feminism having gone to far, with men
having increased responsibilities but few rights around issues of marriage, divorce, child
custody and access to children.”
MASCULINITY THEMES

Masculinity is a social, cultural and historical contact dependent on and related to other
factors such as class, ethnicity, sexuality, age and disability.
1.MULTIPLE MASCULINITY

Accordingly, there is no one pattern of masculinity that is found everywhere.

The meaning of masculinity in working class life is different from the meaning in middle
class life and same goes among the very rich and the very poor. It is even possible that more
than one kind of masculinity can be found within a given cultural setting and within a
specific class
 2.HIERARCHY AND HEGEMONY

The form of masculinity which is culturally dominant in a given setting is called “hegemonic
masculinity”.

Hegemonic Masculinity embodies popular heroes, role models, and fictional characters.
Hegemonic-. Signifies a position of cultural authority and leadership but not total dominate as other
forms masculinity persist alongside.
According to Kimmel (1997) hegemonic masculinity:
“contains within it the image of the ‘man’ in power, a man with power and a man of power.
We equate manhood with being strong, successful, capable, reliable, in control. The
very definition of manhood we have developed in our culture maintain the power that some
men have over other men and that men have over women”.
3.COLLECTIVE MASCULINITIES

- Gender Structure of a society define particular patterns of conduct individuals as either

“masculine” or feminine.
- Masculinity also exist in personally in culture. Like video games, for example, circulate
stereotypes, images of violent masculinity. Cinema and TV shows portray of stereotypes
masculinity such as abandon father, disgruntled student, abusive partner and the drug
convict.
MASCULINITIES AND WELL-BEING

-Define as a blend of cultural, beliefs types of behavior, and roles generally associated with
men and boys.

Research confirms a strong association between rigid norms about what it means to be a
man and man’s negative health practices and vulnerabilities (Barker et. al. 2011).
FAMILY, FORMATION, FATHERING,
CAREGIVING, AND DOMESTIC ROLES

• Domestic roles are closely associated with woman as carrying them out can involve a loss
of face for men. Great deal was heard about increasing in woman’s labor participation in
recent.
• Research , however shows that men are on average, not greatly increasing their roles in
household work and unpaid care (Barker et el 2o11)
MASCULINITIES AND ALCOHOL AND DRUG
USE
• More men drink than women and men drink than women (Room et al: 2002).
• Studies show that men were more likely to drink more than women, drank alcohol in
greater quantity and more frequently than women, and were more likely to face alcohol-
related health and social problem than women(Wilsack et al. 2000).
PROTEST MASCULINITY

-is a form of marginalized masculinity which picks up them of hegemonic masculinity in

the society at large but reworks them in context poverty(Connel, 2005).
CARING MASCULINITY

The concept of caring masculinity proposes that men are able to adopt what is viewed as
traditionally feminine characteristics (emotional, sensitivity, domestication,
interdependence, caring etc.) without departing from or rejecting masculinity.
SUMMARY

• Masculinity and men’s studies have been continuously developing from its inception and
up to present. These studies covered common themes of masculinities, different kinds of
masculinities, such as hegemonic, protest and caring masculinities to various aspect of
life and the environment.
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 THANK YOU

AND
GOD BLESS US