Artificial Intelligence

General Science & Ability

By
M.N.Nitish kumar
RA1931241020146
Definition

Artificial Intelligence (AI)
is the study and engineering
of intelligent machines
capable of performing the
same kinds of functions that
characterize human thought.

John McCarthy, who coined

the term Artificial
Intelligence in 1956, defines
it as "the science and
engineering of making
intelligent machines",
especially intelligent
computer programs.
AI Goals

AI gives four possible goals to pursue:

• Systems that think like humans,
• Systems that act like humans,
• Systems that think rationally, and
• Systems that act rationally
Major Application Areas of Artificial
Intelligence

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1. Cognitive science
• This area of AI is based on research on biology,
neurology, psychology, mathematics etc.

• It focuses on researching how the human brain

works and how humans think and learn.

• The results of such research in human

information processing are the basis for the
development of a variety of computer-based
applications in AI.

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2. Robotics
• Basic disciplines of robotics include AI, Engineering and
physiology.

• This technology produces robot machines with computer

intelligence and computer controlled, human like physical
capabilities.

• This area includes applications designed to give robots the powers of

 Visual perception: sight

 Tactility: ability use the sense of touch
 Dexterity: ability in using hands skilfully
 Locomotion: physical ability to move over any surface
 Navigation: the intelligence to properly find ways to a
destination.
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 3 Natural interfaces
• Development of natural interfaces is essential to the natural
use of computers by humans. This area of applications are
designed for
– Natural languages and Speech recognition
ability to communicate with computers and robots in conversational
human languages and have them understand us as easily as we
understand each other.
– Multisensory Interfaces
development of multisensory devices that use variety body movements
to operate computers.
– Virtual reality
using multisensory human computer interfaces that enable human users
to experience computer simulated objects, spaces, activities and worlds
as they actually exist.

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 Expert Systems
• An expert system is a knowledge-based information system
that uses its knowledge about a specific, complex application
area to act as an expert consultant to end users.

• They must also be able to explain their reasoning process and

conclusions to a user.

• Expert systems can provide decision support to end users in

the form of advice from an expert consultant in a specific
problem area.

• Components of an Expert System

– Knowledge Base
– Software resource

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Real World Applications

• Game playing
• Finance and e – commerce
• Information processing and data mining
• Transportation
• Military
• Heavy Industry
• Space exploration
• Music
• Online & TCS
Intelligent Robots

• A robot can carry out many tasks such as the production of

cars in a factory. Robots can weld, insert windscreens,
paint, etc.
• Advantages
• Work 24/7, 365 days/year, unlike human workers; do not
need holidays
• Cheaper – do not need paid - company make more money
in the long run
• More accurate
• Safer than sending a human into dangerous places, e.g.
nuclear power stations
Virtual Reality
Virtual reality: using multisensory human computer interfaces that
enable human users to experience computer simulated objects, spaces,
activities and worlds as they actually exist.
Thank You