Group 1

Lloyd
Arneil
John
Moral Self: Living with
Purpose
Learning Outcomes
1. Explain the basic concepts related to morality and moral self.
2. Identify behaviors characteristics of the different stages of moral
development.
3. Relate the development of personal values to the development of a
philosophy of life.
4. State the different influences or factors related to moral self.
5. Evaluate practices that lead to the development of desirable moral
values.
6. Apply concepts on morality in particular to develop a philosophy of life.
Dilemma
A dilemma is a
problematic/complex situation
in which a difficult choice must
be made.
Moral
- is related to sense or standard that determines
what is right and wrong. It distinguishes correct/right/
good from incorrect/wrong/evil from inappropriate.

Morality refers to system of beliefs and values that

ensures that individuals will keep their obligations to
others in the society and behaves in ways that do not
interfere with the right and interests others.
Decision-making
- is understandably difficult, the degree of w/c
depending on the situation. An individual who
has a good sense of what is right and wrong
will be an honest and upright member of the
community possessing a better moral self.
Moral reasoning
- It refers to the judgement of people make
about what courses of action are correct or
incorrect in particular situations. Reasoning
is a cognitive skill, but influences moral
development.
Kohlbeirg’s 6 Stages of
Moraldevelopment

Lawrence Kohlbeirg’s theory claims that our development of moral

reasoning happens in six stages. The stages themselves are structured
in three levels: Pre-Conventional, Conventional and Post-
Conventional. To understand this better, imagine a conflict in school.
There’s a fighting in the schoolyard. Two ninth-graders are beating up
Tom. Those who watch the fight are at different stages of moral
development. Let’s see what they do and how they justify their
behavior.
 The Four Types of Parenting styles
Diana Baumrind, a clinical and developmental psychologist, named three distinct
parenting styles that could impact a child’s development. Later, Maccoby and
Martin added a fourth style.
The four types of parenting styles are as
follows:
1. Authoritative
 Considered the most optimal parenting style in Western cultures
Parents who parent in this style:
 Are nurturing, responsive, and supportive, but at the same time set firm limits for their
children
 Explain rules, have discussions, and use reasoning
 Are supportive but not overbearing and allow children to make their own mistakes
 Will listen to and acknowledge their child's viewpoint but don't always accept it
Children raised in this style:
 Tend to be friendly, happy, energetic, self-reliant, self-controlled, capable, curious,
cooperative, achievement-oriented, and successful
 Tend to develop greater self-confidence when parents have high, but reasonable and
consistent, expectations for behavior and clearly communicate those expectations
2. Authoritarian (disciplinarian, or “rigid ruler”)
Parents who parent in this style:
 Offer low levels of support
 Have high demands
 Expect obedience
 Do not provide explanations for orders
 Provide well-ordered and structured environments with clearly stated rules

Children raised in this style:

 Are more likely to be obedient and proficient
 Are not as happy, have lower social competence and self-esteem
3.Permissive (or indulgent)
Parents who parent in this style:
 Are warm and supportive, but lax in demands
 Do not set firm limits
 Do not monitor children’s activities closely
 Do not require appropriately mature behavior of their children
 Do not expect their children to follow boundaries or rules
 Avoid confrontation

Children raised in this style:

 Tend to be impulsive, rebellious, aimless, domineering, and aggressive
 Are low in self-reliance, self-control, and achievement
 Are more likely to have problems with authority
4. Uninvolved (neglectful or indifferent)
Parents who parent in this style:
 Are unresponsive, unavailable, and rejecting
 Do not provide most, if any, necessary parenting responsibilities

Children raised in this style:

 Tend to have low self-esteem and self-confidence
 Often seek other, sometimes inappropriate, role models to substitute for the
neglectful parent
 Lack self-control
 Less competent than their peers
That’s all
and

Thank you!