MATERIAL HANDLING

EQUIPMENT
COURSE CODE MEng 4251
COURSE INSTRUCTOR Mr. Ermiyas K.
2016/2017
 The Basics Of Material Handling Equipment
And Their Selection
chapter 1
Definition
MH can be defined as the art and science of
conveying, elevating, positioning,
transporting, and packaging and storing of
materials regardless of size, form and and
weight which effect a saving in
 money
 time and
 place
 contd
Art and science b/c of solution for problem of
handling was not with definite solution rather
depends up on large experience and judgment
of material handling engineer.
Flow of materials in an industrial facility
Input industrial facility output

control
 Unloading and feeding equipment for bulk
materials
It was unloading common carriers or other
means of transportation.
important operation in most plants which
consume or process bulk materials
Selection of most effective and economical
unloading equipment depends up on
 The type of carrier to be unloaded
 CXS and condition of material
 the unloading rate
 annual tonage
 contd
 the means of moving cars or barges to and from
unloader and
 In case of large ships the cost of demurrage
The most effective use of use of unloading
equipment often requires haulage machines or car
spotters to reduce the delays of such movements.
Feeding and conveying equipment is more
economical when the hopper, in to which the car is
unloaded, is large enough to contain sufficient
material to continuously feed the system while
cars are shifted to and from unloading operation
Typical unloading equipment
 contd

After unloading process the material is stored in

raw material store
After unloading, uniformly controlled feed is
necessary for the most effective performance
of most bulk conveying system and for many
processing operation.
Selection of the most suitable type feeders
depends up on the required capacity, size flow
ability, moisture content and other
characteristics of material
Typical feeding equipment
 Classification and application of material handling
equipment
 A good MHS is
 Flexible
 Compatible
 Reliable
A good handling system have the following
benefit
 Reduced cost
 Reduced waste
 Improve working condition
 Improve efficiency of the plant
 The general field of materials handling
technically divided in to five distinct functional
division with three main groups according to
their design features
Five distinct functional divisions are
1. Bulk Handling
2. Unit handling
3. Packaging
4. Warehousing
5. Carrier handling
Three groups of MHE, classified by their design features are
6. Hoisting equipment
7. Conveying equipments
8. Surface and overhead equipments
 Selection of proper equipment
Various MHE can perform the same function, the
question is, how does one go about selecting the
right approach
The following sequence of step is a recommended
approach for solving MH problems
1. Identify and define the problem
2. Collect relevant data
3. Analyze the data
4. Evaluate the alternative
5. Choose the preferred solution
6. Apply the solution
 contd
1. Identifying the problem
The following check lists among many spots the symptoms
with poor MH (taking tour inside plant)
 Crowded operating conditions
 poor house keeping
 backtracking in material flow
 manual loading and unloading (loading >25kg)
 unused building cube space
 high damage rate
 idle equipment and machine
 MHE more than 10 years old
 etc....
 contd
Defining the problem
 Defining should includes scope of the problem
 This step should, wherever possible, contain
quantitative information
Collecting relevant data
 Information must developed regarding the
flow of material through the facility, along with
the types of moves that take place
 Ensure that the data generated and collected
should be reliable
 contd

Analyze the data

Good, first steps in analyzing the data was
considering principles of MH, these principles
for sample are
1. Orientation principle
2. Planning principle
3. Systems principle
4. Unit load principle
5. Space utilization principle
6. Standardization principle
7. Ergonomic principle
 contd
8. Ecology principle
9. Energy principle
10. Mechanization principle
11. Flexibility principle
12. Simplification principle
13. Gravity principle
14. Safety principle
15. Computerization principle
16. System Flow principle
17. Layout Principle
18. Cost principle
19. Maintenance principle
20. Obsolescence principle
 Contd
Evaluating alternatives
once appropriate data have been assembled and analyzed, the
Engineer can begin developing and evaluating alternative
solution plans
formulation of solution involves the ff questions
 how many operators will be involved?
 what kind of training will they require?
 how many supervisors will needed?
 what type of equipment will be used?
 what are the power requirement?
 will new additional building be required?
 how much it will cost?
 etc
to answer such and related questions both technical and
economical factors should be considered
 choosing the solution

Tests should applied for various listed alternatives

principal technical factor for the choice of MHE are:
1. kinds and properties of load to handled
a) bulk load b) unit load
2. required hourly capacity
3. direction and length of travel
4. methods of stacking load at the initial, intermediate
and final points
5. characteristics of production process involved in
moving load
6. consideration of specific local conditiions
 contd
7. economic and other considerations
Other intangible factors include
A) Increase In Morale
B) Job Enrichment
C) Improved Customer Service
D) Operating Feasibility
E) Operator Comfort
F) Ability To Cope With Changing Condition
G) Quality Of Service
H) Durability Of Equipment
I) Etc.....
 contd

Applying the solution

once the preferred solution has been identified, the
major challenge is developing the implementation
plan
generally the following steps are involved in
implementing a material handling systems project
a) Develop Specifications
b) Evaluate Suppliers
c) Evaluate Bids
d) Select Supplies
e) Award Contracts
 contd

1. develop specifications
Bid specification be written, be well organized, and
spell out clearly and precisely that various
vendors will bidding against
In whenever possible scaled drawing and
consultants are considered
2. Evaluating Suppliers
Quantifying those suppliers that will be invited to
submit bids is an important part of bid
preparation process.
depending on scope, preferred to tour prospective
supplier´s facilities, with the ff question in mind
 contd
• what is the condition of supplier´s plant?
• how well organized are plant operations?
• what is the condition and age of equipment?
• how good is quality control?
• how busy is the supplier?
• what full time skills are available in mechanical,
electrical, and structure crafts?
• etc
Evaluating The Bid
Here be ensure that all vendors are bidding to the same
specification
Selecting The Supplier
 contd
During this step operating as well as initial costs are
seriously evaluated for every alternative approach
Anticipated maintenance costs and spare parts
inventory costs are made among the items to be
included in the operating cost category
Finally supplier with low cost with out sacrificing
qualitative cases will win the bid to supply the
requirements.
Awarding The Contract
The important thing here is the system meets
performance specification on time and with in the
budget allocated
 contd
the contract should viewed as tool for helping both
parties- the customer and the supplier- in managing the
project
A good MH contract generally contains the ff elements
 objective of the system
 modes of operation
 environmental factors (temp,atm,seasonal factors)
 description of loads to be handled, along with volume
 warranty details
 acceptance criteria
 Procedure for handling system changes and new
requirement
 etc
 Assignment to be submitted

1. define what MHE, are and describe their application

2. what factors will be considered when selecting the most
effective and economical unloading equipment
3. state the factors that have to be considered while selecting
efficient and suitable types of feeder
4. List down some of the benefits obtained from implementing
a good material handling system
N.B each question should elaborated with minimum of 1 pages
With possible neat sketches of diagrams
Dead line of submission 11/11/2016, morning