Khushbu U.

Solanki
 Introduction:
 Also called uterine tubes or oviduct.
 Measuring about 10 cm. long & 1 cm in
breadth.
 Two openings:
 Pelvic opening or abdominal ostium
 Uterine opening
 4 parts from medial to lateral as
follows:
 Intramural or interstitial: - It is lying
in the uterine wall and measures 1.25
cm. long and 1mm in diameter.

 Isthmus: - Almost straight and

measures about 2.5 cm in length and
2.5 mm in diameter.
 Ampulla: - Widest part of the tube measures
about 5 cm. in length & its lumen measuring
1-2 mm diameter medially and increasing
at outer end.

 Infundibulum: - Funnel shaped open

abdominal extremity measuring about 1.25
cm. long with a maximum diameter of 6mm.
At the bottom of this part lies the abdominal
ostium surrounded by a number of radiating
fimbriae, one of which is longer than the
rests & is attached to the ovary called
ovarian fimbriae.
 It consists of 3 layers as following:

 Serous layer: - Outer most layer consists of

peritoneum on all sides.

 Muscular layer: - Middle layer of the

fallopian tubes. Further it has two layers:
outer longitudinal & the inner circular.

 Mucous membrane:- It is lined by columnar

epithelium, partly ciliated which is thrown
into longitudinal folds.
 
 Transporting ovum from ovary to uterine
cavity after it is being picked by the
fimbrial end. Ovum stays in the tube for
three days.

 Tubal secretion provides media for ovum

in its transport and nourishment.

 Fertilization of ovum takes place in the

ampulla and fertilized ovum is
transported to the uterus
 Arterial supply : The uterine and
ovarian arteries.
 Venous drainage : Into the ovarian
vein.

Lymphatic:
 The lymphatic run along the ovarian
vessels.

Nerve supply:
 The uterine and ovarian nerves.
Introduction:
 Female sex gland (gonads)
 Producing ovum and sex hormones during
reproductive period of a woman.
 Oval in shape and pinkish grey in color.
 Measures about 3 cm in length, 2 cm in
breadth and 1 cm in thickness.
 Each ovary weighs 5-10 gm during
reproductive period.
 Presents two ends – Tubal & uterine, two
borders – Mesovarian & free posterior and
two surfaces – Medial & lateral.
 Mesovarian or anterior border –
The ovary is attached to the
mesovarian.
 Posterior border – Free and is
related with tubal ampulla.
 Medial surface – Related to the
fimbrial part of the tube.
 Lateral surface – It is in contact
with the ovarian fossa on the lateral
pelvic wall.
 Cortex: - It consists of stromal cells

 During reproductive period the cortex is

studded with numerous follicular
structures, called the functional unit of
the ovary, in various phases of their
development.

 The Structures include – Pre mordial

follicles, Maturing follicles, Graffian
follicles and Corpus luteum.
 Medulla: - Consists of loose connective tissues,
few muscles, blood vessels and nerves.
 There are small collection of cells called “hilus
cells” which homologous to the interstitial cells
of the testis.

 Blood supply:

 Arterial supply : The ovarian artery, a branch of

the abdominal aorta.
 Venous drainage : Into the ovarian veins
 Part of the venous blood from the placental site
rains into the ovarian veins and thus become the
site of thrombophlebitis in pueperium.
Lymphatic:
 Through the ovarian vessels drain to the Para
aortic lymph nodes.

Nerve supply:
 Sympathetic supply comes down along the
ovarian artery. Ovaries are sensitive to
manual squeezing.
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