THE LANDSCAPE OF PHILIPPINE

FICTION
 FICTION
is a story that is entirely made up and is not
true. Fiction, literature created from the
imagination, not presented as fact, though it
may be based on a true story or situation.
 The Elements of
FICTION
CHARACTER - A figure in a literary work
2 Distinctions:
1. FLAT Character
2. ROUND Character
 The Elements of
FICTION
PLOT - the major events that move the
action in a narrative.

* We can find the plot in the beginning, in the

middle and in the end of the story.
 The Elements of
FICTION
POINT OF VIEW - the vantage point from
which a narrative is told.
- In a narrative told from a first-person
perspective, the author tells the story through
a character who refers to himself or herself as
"I.“
- Third –person narratives come in two
types: omniscient and limited.
 The Elements of
FICTION
SETTING - combination of place,
historical time, and social milieu that
provides the general background for the
characters and plot
 The Elements of
FICTION
STYLE - The author’s type of diction (choice
of words), syntax (arrangement of words), and
other linguistic features of a work.
 The Elements of
FICTION
THEME(s) - The central and dominating idea
(or ideas) in a literary work.

TONE - the author’s implicit attitude toward

the reader, subject, and/or the people by the
elements of the author’s style
 The Plot Structure of
FICTION
1. EXPOSITION
the beginning of the story

2. RISING ACTION
when the complication begins to show itself

3. CLIMAX
the event with the greatest tension
 The Plot Structure of
FICTION
4. FALLING ACTION
the result of the climax

5. DENOUEMENT
is a French term which means “ending”
 Techniques of
FICTION
The CHARACTER of the story is the one
you relate with, converse with, or listen to the
thoughts of.
CHARACTER TYPES:
A. PROTAGONIST
B. ANTAGONIST
EPICS: General Characteristics,
Uses, Elements
EPICS: General Characteristics, Uses,
Elements
TWO MAIN TYPES:
1. Folk Epic - created and developed through
the oral tradition

2. Literary Epic - a story attributed to a

single identified author
EPICS: General Characteristics, Uses,
Elements
KEY ELEMENTS:
A. EPIC HERO
focuses on the adventures of a larger-than-life
main character

B. EPIC CONFLICT
The plot of an epic centers on the hero’s struggle
against an obstacle or a series of obstacles.
EPICS: General Characteristics, Uses,
Elements
C. HEROIC QUEST
The hero’s adventure takes the form of a
perilous journey, or quest

D. DIVINE INTERVENTION
The epic hero often receives help from a
god or some other supernatural force.
EPICS: General Characteristics, Uses,
Elements
EPIC CONVENTIONS:
A. Theme/Invocation
B. In Medias Res
C. Tone/Style
D. Epic Similes
 “HINILAWOD”
an epic poem written by the early inhabitants of a place
called Sulod in Central Panay
ARCHIPELAGIC LIFE OR CREATIVE NONFICTION
 Types of Essays

Narrative Essays: This is when the

writer is narrating an incident or
story through the essay.
Descriptive Essays: Here the writer
will describe a place, an object, an
event or maybe even a memory.
 Types of Essays

Expository Essays: In such an essay a

writer presents a balanced study of a
topic.
Persuasive Essays: Here the purpose
of the essay is to get the reader to your
side of the argument.
 Format of an Essay
Introduction
This is the first paragraph of your essay. This
is where the writer introduces his topic for
the very first time.
Body
This is the main crux of your essays. The
body is the meat of your essay sandwiched
between the introduction and the conclusion.
 Format of an Essay
Conclusion
This is the last paragraph of the essay. A
conclusion is also a great place to sum up
a story or an argument.
 Tips for Essay Writing
Give your essay an interesting and
appropriate title.
Keep it between 300-500 words.
Keep your language simple and crisp.
Do not make grammar mistakes, use
correct punctuation and spellings.
Before beginning the essay organize your
thought and plot a rough draft.