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Exotic Materials

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DUPLEX STEELS
 Duplex 2205 - nitrogen enhanced stainless steel
 Duplex 2205 is neither ferritic or austenitic, but instead it has the best
properties of both.
 Duplex 2205 tanks and vessels are an affordable, corrosion resistant tank
that is ready for almost anything.
 Duplex 2205 is neither ferritic or austenitic, but instead it has the best
properties of both. Duplex 2205 tanks and vessels are an affordable,
corrosion resistant tank that is ready for almost anything.
 Duplex 2205 - also known as Alloy 2205, UNS S32205, or UNS31803 - is
frequently used for tanks in Oil & Gas, Chemical, and Process Heating
industries. Our duplex 2205 tanks reliably serve in many capacities, such as
chemical storage tanks, separator tanks, and heater tube shells.
https://www.buckeyefabricating.com/page/exotic-metal-tanks-duplex-2205

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STEELS FOR CRYOGENIC SERVICE

 The material combination of high strength, good toughness and weldability
is required to specify it for welded pressure vessels for the storage of
cryogens.

 The alloy steel recommended for cryogenic service is 9% Ni. It is

satisfactory for service down to -1950C and is used for transport and storage
of cryogenics because of is low cost and high strength.

 Other alloy steels suitable for low temperature service :

• Ni Steels with 2.5% Ni can suffice upto -590C

• Ni Steels with 3.5% Ni can suffice upto -1010C
• Stainless Steel 300 Series, namely 304/316/321/347 etc.

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Ni AND IT’S ALLOYS

 Ni has good thermal and electrical conductivity. As an alloying element Ni is
used in hardenable steels, stainless steels and corrosion resistant alloys.

 Ni also imparts high ductility and toughness to cast iron.

 Ni alloys are classified as follows :

• Pure (99%) Ni alloys – Used in food processing industry / aerospace

• Ni and Cu Alloys – High Strength, weldabilty, excellent corrosion resistance

and toughness. Suitable for Condenser tubes and low temperature services.

• Ni and Iron Alloys – Have low coefficient of expansion that remains constant
for temperature below Curie temperature. Major applications are
composite surface components, semiconductors.

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Ni AND IT’S ALLOYS CONTD.....

•Ni, Iron and Cr Alloys – Inconel 600/625, Alloy 800 – High strength and good
corrosion resistance. Major applications in heat exchanger tubes,
petrochemical industry.

•Ni, Cr, Mo and Iron Alloys – HASTELLOY G/276 – Hastelloy is resistant to

high temperatures (upto 1000oC), oxidation and high voltage. Tanks made of
Hastelloy are less likely to be impacted by corrosion prone environments,
crevice or pitting corrosion, or stress corrosion cracking. It’s known by many
names, including Alloy 22 (UNS N06022), Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276), Alloy B-
2 (UNS N10665), Alloy X (UNS N06002), Alloy B-3, Alloy C-4, Alloy C-2000,
Alloy N, and Alloy G-30. Typical applications are aircraft jet engine tail pipes,
aircraft jet engines, oil & gas industry and heat treating equipment.
https://www.buckeyefabricating.com/page/exotic-metal-tanks-hastelloy

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Ni AND IT’S ALLOYS CONTD.....

• Ni, Cr, Mo Alloys – Alloy 20 - highly resistant various types of corrosion,
including sulphuric, phosphoric, and organic acids, as well as intergranular
corrosion. It is also less likely to withstand crevice or pitting corrosion or
chloride stress corrosion cracking. For applications with temperatures up to
140 Fahrenheit or velocities up to 20 fps, an Alloy 20 tank is the perfect
solution. Major applications in Oil & Gas, Chemical, Aerospace, and Plastics
industries, Alloy 20 tanks are used for process tanks, mixing tanks, and
piping, among other things.
Https://www.buckeyefabricating.com/page/exotic-metal-tanks-alloy-20
• Nickel 200 - also known as Alloy 200, UNS N02200 – offers superior
electrical and thermal conductivity. It has good mechanical and
magnetostrictive properties while being highly resistant to most forms of
corrosion. Tanks made of nickel 200 are impervious to caustic alkalis,
mineral acids, and dry gases. Industries such Oil & Gas, Chemical, and
Aerospace rely on the properties of nickel 200 for tanks that perform well in
their specific environments. Process tanks, reactor vessels, and storage
tanks are among our most fabricated nickel 200 tanks.
https://www.buckeyefabricating.com/page/exotic-metal-tanks-nickel-200 when experience counts
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PROPERTIES OF Ni AND IT’S ALLOYS

    Pure Nickel Nickel -Copper Nickel-Chromium-Iron

  Ni200 Ni201 Monel400 Monel 404 Inconel600 Inconel690

Ni 99.6 99.7 65.4 54.6 76 60

Cu - - 32 45.3 0.25 -

Fe - - 1 0.03 8 9

Cr - - - - 15.5 30

Mo - - - - - -

Al - - - - - -

Ti - - - - - -

Nb - - - - - -

Mn 0.23 0.23 1 0.01 0.5 -

Si 0.03 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.25 -

C 0.07 0.01 0.12 0.07 0.08 0.01

Other elements - - - - - -
Yield strength(Ksi) 21.5 15 31 31 50 53
Tensile strength( Ksi) 67 58.5 79 69 112 106
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PROPERTIES OF Ni AND IT’S ALLOYS CONTD…

    Nickel-Iron-Chromium Nickel-Iron Nickel-Chromium-Molybedenum

  Inconel800 Inconel825 Niloalloy36 Niloalloy42 HastealloyG Hastealloy-276

Ni 31 42 36 41.6 Bal Bal

Cu 0.38 1.75 - - 2 -

Fe 46 30 61.5 57.4 19.5 5.5

Cr 20 22.5 - - 22 15.5

Mo - 3 - - 6.5 16

Al 0.38 0.1 - - - -

Ti 0.38 0.9 - - - -

Nb - - - - 2.1 -

Mn 0.75 0.5 0.5 0.5 <1 <0.08

Si 0.5 0.25 0.09 0.06 1.5 <1

C 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.03 <0.05 <.01

Other elements -   - - <1w,<2.5Co 2.5Co,4W,0.35V

Yield strength(Ksi) 48 44 37 37 56 51
Tensile strength( Ksi) 88 97 72 72 103 109
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Ti AND IT’S ALLOYS

 Titanium – Most important physical property is it’s high strength and
density. Ti Alloys have higher yield strength to density than either
Aluminium or Steel. Ti is immune to corrosion in all naturally
occurring environments. It does not corrode in air, soil & naturally
occurring water and industrial waste water streams.

 Ti has the following properties ;

a) Lower modulus of elasticity

b) Higher melting point
c) Lower thermal conductivity
d) Smaller strain hardening coefficient

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Ti AND IT’S ALLOYS CONTD......

 Titanium is susceptible to failure in acid fluoride and by hydrogen

embrittlement when it’s protective oxide film is broken down.

 Pure Ti and Ti Alloys can be welded by GMA or GTA process. For

welding Ti requires clear environment an good inert gas shielding.
Due to Titanium’s highly reactive nature, non inert gas or flux or
SMAW are not suitable.

 Major Uses : Aerospace applications, aircraft engines, heat

exchanger tubes, marine and desalination applications, paper &
pulp industry and also as anodes for chlorine production.

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PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM
  Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 7 Grade 12

   

Nitrogen( Max) 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03

Carbon (max) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.08
Hydrogen ( max) 0.015 0.15 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015

Iron(max) 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3

Oxygen ( max) 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.4 0.25 0.25

Pallidium - - - - 0.21-0.25 -

Molybdenum - - - - - 0.2-0.4

Nickel - - - - - 00.6-0.9

Titanium Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder

   
Yield strength(Mpa) 215-270 325-385 395-480 530-585 325-385 960-1020

   
Tensile strength(Mpa) 315-365 460-510 545-615 660-710 460-510 1060-1115

   
Plate grade: SB 265,Pipe grade: SB237,Tubing grade: SB338 and Forging grade: SB 381.
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 Exotic Metals Pressure Vessels

 http://www.sunmach.net/Fabrication/Exotic-Metal-Process-
Equipments/Exotic-Metal-Pressure-Vessels-Manufacturers.html

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