 (Please read the text below and answer questions 1 through 3.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2. The first case was identified in December 2019. Since then, it has spread all
over the world, World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Several
pharmaceutical companies developed the COVID-19 vaccine very quickly and finally received the
world's first vaccination in the United Kingdom (UK) on December 8, 2020. Since the COVID-19 vaccine
is needed by all countries around the world, fair supply is an important issue. To solve this problem, co-
led by WHO, CEPI and Gavi, created a [ XXXXX ] initiative to ensure equitable access to the COVID-19
vaccine in all countries around the world.

(Question 1)

What diseases are caused by virus other than virus type of COVID-19?
Please choose from the examples below.

① SARS ② MERS ③ HKU1 ④ HIV

(Problem solving 1)

1. You should read the text above and know that COVID-19 is a coronavirus type.

2. You search with the key-words “coronavirus wiki”. - The “wiki” is order to search “Wikipedia” first.

en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Coronavirus

Coronavirus – Wikipedia

3. You can get partial answers to your questions in the search results.

“Coronaviruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In
humans and birds, they cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal. Mild
illnesses in humans include some cases of the common cold (which is also caused by other viruses,
predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.”

 You can see that SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 are the same coronavirus type.
(Problem solving 1 - continue)

4. You can get answers to your questions by searching for each example word by key-words.
 If you searched using the above method (3.), ① and ② below are not necessary.

① You search with the key-words “SARS wiki”.

en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Severe_acute_respiratory_sy...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome – Wikipedia

“Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) … coronavirus … SARS coronavirus species …”

② You search with the key-words “MERS wiki”.

en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Middle_East_respiratory_syn...

Middle East respiratory syndrome - Wikipedia

“Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), …caused by the MERS-coronavirus …”

(Problem solving 1 - continue)

③ You search with the key-words “HKU1 wiki”.

en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Human_coronavirus_HKU1

Human coronavirus HKU1 - Wikipedia

“Human coronavirus HKU1 … species of coronavirus …”

④ You search with the key-words “HIV wiki”.

en.wikipedia.org › wiki › HIV

HIV - Wikipedia

“The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) … species of Lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) …”

(Answer 1)

“④ HIV”