MATHEMATICS 10

THIRD GRADING
(LESSON 1)
 PRAYER
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.
Heavenly Father and Your Beloved Son Jesus Christ,
We thank you for giving us another life,
We thank you for another Beautiful Morning.
As we go on through our lessons today,
May you make us instruments to do good things.
Please enlighten our minds,
Give us the strength to participate in our subject today.
Thank you for this opportunity to learn and serve others,
and help me to always remember the Truth of Your Glory!
In Jesus’ name. Amen
 Lesson 1.1
THE DISTANCE AND
MIDPOINT FORMULA
 Distance Formula:
D=
Midpoint Formula:
M=
Slope Formula:
m= 
Given that ABCD is a parallelogram, find the following:
1. Coordinates of the points A, B, C, and D.
2. Slope of AB, BC, CD, and AD.
3. Distance of AB, BC, CD, and AD.
4. Perimeter of parallelogram ABCD.
y
C

A
-x x
-y
1. Coordinates of the points A, B, C, and D.

A (1 , 1)
B (4 , 5)
C (9 , 7)
D (6 , 3) y
C

A
-x x
-y
2. Using the coordinates of the different points:
A (1 , 1), B (4 , 5), C (9 , 7), D (6 , 3).

Find the slope of AB Find the slope of BC Find the slope of CD Find the slope of AD
A(1 , 1) and B(4 , 5) B(4 , 5) and C(9 , 7) C(9 , 7) and D(6 , 3) A(1 , 1) and D(6 , 3)

m= m= m= m=
m= m= m= m=
m= m= m= m=
m=
The slopes are:
m= 
AB =

BC = y
C
CD =
B
AD =
D

A
-x x
-y
3. Using the coordinates of the different points: A (1 , 1), B (4 , 5), C (9 , 7), D (6 , 3). Find:
Distance of AB Distance of BC Distance of CD Distance of AD
A(1 , 1) and B(4 , 5) B(4 , 5) and C(9 , 7) C(9 , 7) and D(6 , 3) A(1 , 1) and D(6 , 3)
AB = BC = CD = AD =

AB = BC = CD = AD =

AB = BC = CD = AD =
AB = BC = CD = AD =
AB = BC = CD = AD =
AB = 5 BC = CD = 5 AD =

Perimeter = AB + BC + CD + DA
=5+ + 5+
= 10 + 2
 ACTIVITY
I. The coordinates of ABCD are A(0, 2) , B(4, 8) , C(7, 6) , and D(3, 0).
Find the following:
1. Slope of:
AB = ___ ; BC = ___ ; CD = ___ ; AD = ___
2. Distance of:
AB = ___ ; BC = ___ ; CD = ___ ; AD = ___
3. Midpoint of:
AB = ___ ; BC = ___ ; CD = ___ ; AD = ___
4. Perimeter of ABCD
4. Graph the points in the cartesian plane. (5points)
5. What quadrilateral did you form?
 CHALLENGE YOURSELF!
1. The point (5, 4) lies on a circle. What is the length of
the radius of this circle if the center is located at (3, 2) ?
D=
D=
D=
D=
D=
D=
D= or 2.83
2. A segment has midpoint C(2, 6) and one endpoint is D(9, 11).
What are the coordinates of the endpoint B, the other endpoint?

Given:

B(,) and D(9, 11) Solve for Solve for

Midpoint = 2= 6=
(2, 6) = 2(2) = 6(2) =
4–9= 12 – 11 =
–5= 1=

Therefore, the other endpoint is B(-5, 1)

 D(9, 11)

B(2, 6)
B(-5, 1)

C(2, 6) B(-5, 1)

D(9, 11)
3. The coordinates of E(-5, 11) and has a midpoint F(7, 3). What
are the coordinates of the endpoint G, the other endpoint?

Given:

E(-5, 11) and G(,) Solve for Solve for

Midpoint = 7= 3=
(7, 3) = 7(2) = + 3(2) =
14 + 5 = 6 - 11 =
19 = -5 =

Therefore, the coordinates of the other

endpoint is B(19, -5)
 ACTIVITY
Problem Solving: Solve the following then Graph:
1. A segment has midpoint B (2, -3) and one endpoint is A(5, -6). What are the coordinates of C, the other endpoint?
a. _____ ; _____ ; _____ ; _____ ; Coordinates of point C = _____

b. Draw the graph in a graphing paper and submit in the Google classroom.

2. Given: In triangle ART, the coordinates are A(-6, 3) , R(4, 0) , T(-3, 8) and let W, H, Y be the midpoints of line AR,
line RT and line TA, respectively.
a. Find the distance of the coordinates of a triangle ART.
A(-6, 3), R(4, 0) d = _____________
R(4, 0), T(-3, 8) d = _____________
T(-3, 8), A(-6, 3) d = _____________
b. Find the vertices of the midpoints W, H, Y
A(-6, 3), R(4, 0) midpoint W = _____________
R(4, 0), T(-3, 8) midpoint H = _____________
T(-3, 8), A(-6, 3) midpoint Y = _____________
c. Find the slope of the coordinates of a triangle ART.
A(-6, 3), R(4, 0) slope of AR = _____________
R(4, 0), T(-3, 8) slope of RT = _____________
T(-3, 8), A(-6, 3) slope of TA = _____________
d. Draw the graph in a graphing paper and submit in the Google classroom.
 VALUES INTEGRATION:

“Distance sometimes lets you know who is

worth keeping, and who is worth letting go.” 

― Lana Del Rey

 Lesson 1.2
EQUATION
OF A CIRCLE
 Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:

 
1. illustrate the center – radius form of the equation of a circle;
2. determine the center and radius of a circle given its equation
and vice versa;
3. graph and solve problems involving circles and other geometric
figures on the coordinate on the coordinate plane; and
4. be confident in solving problems involving equation of a circle.
EQUATION OF THE CIRCLE CENTERED AT THE ORIGIN (0, 0)

Circle is plane figure consisting of points each of which is

equidistant from a point called center.
The equation x2 + y2 = r2 is the standard form for equation of a
circle and at the origin, where r is radius.

Let P(x, y) be a point on the circle, (0, 0) as the center and r is the
distance of P from (0, 0) be the radius.
r2 = (x – 0)2 + (y – 0 )2
r2 = x2 + y2
P
 Example
1. Write the equation of the
circle with its center at the
origin (0, 0) and radius 4.
Solution:
Use the equation x2 + y2 = r2
x2 + y2 = 42
x2 + y2 = 16 Equation of a circle
2. Write the equation of the
circle with its center at the
origin (0, 0) and radius is .
Solution:
Use the equation x2 + y2 = r2
x2 + y2 =
x2 + y2 =
or 4x2 + 4y2 = 1
Equation of a circle
3. Find the radius of the 4. Find the radius of the
circle whose equation is circle whose equation is
9x2 + 9y2 = 4 x2 + y2 = 64
Solution: Solution:

9x2 + 9y2 = 4 x2 + y2 = r2
x2 + y2 = x2 + y2 = 64
x2 + y 2 = 8 2

Therefore, r = 8
Therefore, the radius is
5. Find the radius of the 6. Find the radius of the
circle whose equation is circle whose equation is
3x2 + 3y2 = 27 x2 + y2 = 20
Solution: Solution:

3x2 + 3y2 = 27 x2 + y 2 = r2
x2 + y2 = 9 x2 + y2 = 20
x2 + y2 = 32 x2 + y2 = √(4)(5)
x2 + y2 = ()2
Therefore, the radius is 3 Therefore, r =
7. Write the standard equation of the circle with
center at the origin and passing through (3, 4)
Solution:
Solve the equation of a circle:
r =x +y
2 2 2

r2 = 32 + 42 x2 + y2 = r2
r2 = 9 + 16
r2 = 25 x2 + y2 = 5²
=
x2 + y2 = 25 Equation of a circle
r=5
 EQUATION OF THE CIRCLE CENTERED AT (h, k)
The standard form of an equation of a circle is (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2.
The radius is r, the center of the circle is (h , k), and (x , y) is any
point on the circle. 
 Example
1. Write the standard form and general form of the equation
of a circle with its center at (5, -2) and radius of 4.

4
 Example
1. Write the standard form and general form of the equation
of a circle with its center at (5, -2) and radius of 4.
Given: h = 5
Simplify: (x-5)2 + (y+2)2 = 16
k = -2
r=4
Solution: (x-5)(x-5) + (y+2)(y+2) = 16
Using
x² – 5x – 5x + 25 + y² + 2y + 2y + 4 = 16
(x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2
(x-5)2 + 2 = 42 x² + y² – 10x + 4y + 25 + 4 – 16 = 0
(x-5)2 + (y+2)2 = 16 x² + y² – 10x + 4y + 13 = 0
Equation of a circle Equation of a circle in general form
in standard form
 2. Find the equation of a circle and the radius whose
endpoints of the diameter are (3, 1) and (5, 5).
Find (h, k) Find r Find r
Solution: Using (x, y) = (3, 1) Using (x, y) = (5, 5)
and (h, k) = (4, 3) and (h, k) = (4, 3)
Using the midpoint formula
M= (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2 (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2
M= (3-4)2 + (1-3)2 = r2 (5-4)2 + (5-3)2 = r2
M= (-1)2 + (-2)2 = r2 (1)2 + (2)2 = r2
M= 1 + 4 = r2 1 + 4 = r2
5 = r2 5 = r2
Therefore, (h, k) or the
= =
center of the circle is (4, 3) =r =r
Find the standard form of the
equation of a circle whose (h, k)
or the center is (4, 3) and r = .
Using
(x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2
(x-4)2 + (y-3)2 =
(x-4)2 + (y-3)2 = 5
Equation of a circle
in standard form
Find the general form of the
equation of a circle whose
standard form is (x-4)2 + (y-3)2 = 5
Simplify: (x-4)2 + (y-3)2 = 5
(x-4)(x-4) + (y-3)(y-3) = 5
x² – 4x – 4x + 16 + y² – 3y – 3y + 9 = 5
x² + y² – 8x – 6y + 16 + 9 – 5 = 0
x² + y² – 8x – 6y + 20 = 0
Equation of a circle in general form
 3. Find the standard equation and general form of the equation
of a circle with its center at (2, -4) and passes through (-5, 1).
Given: h = 2
k = -4
r=? Find the standard form of a circle:
Solution:
(x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2
(-5-2)2 + 2 = r2 (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2
(-7)2 + (5)2 = r2 (x-2)2 + (y-(-4))2 =
49 + 25 = r2 (x-2)2 + (y+4)2 = 74
74 = r2 Equation of a circle
= in standard form
=r
Find the general form:

Simplify: (x-2)2 + (y+4)2 = 74

(x-2)(x-2) + (y+4)(y+4) = 74
x² – 2x – 2x + 4 + y² + 4y + 4y + 16 = 74
x² + y² – 4x + 8y + 4 + 16 – 74 = 0
x² + y² – 8x – 6y – 54 = 0
Equation of a circle in general form
4. Find the standard equation and general form of the equation of
a circle with its center at (-2, 3) and passes through (8, 3) and with
diameter of 20 cm.
Given: h = -2 ; k = 3 ; r = 10
Solution: Find the general form:
Find the standard form of a circle: Simplify: (x+2)2 + (y-3)2 = 100
(x+2)(x+2) + (y-3)(y-3) = 100
(x-h) + (y-k) = r
2 2 2

(x-(-2))2 + (y-3)2 = x² + 2x + 2x + 4 + y² – 3y – 3y + 9 = 100

(x+2)2 + (y-3)2 = 100
Equation of a circle
in standard form
x² + y² + 4x – 6y + 4 + 9 – 100 = 0
x² + y² + 4x – 6y – 87 = 0
Equation of a circle in general form
Activity 1-Equation of the circle center at origin.
A. Find the length of the radius of a circle.
1. x² + y² = 16 6. x² + y² = 54
2. x² + y² = 8 7. 2x² + 2y² = 50
3. 9x² + 9y² = 36
4. x² + y² = 64
5. x² + y² = 81
B.
1. Find the standard form of the equation of a circle with center at
origin and radius of 9.
2. Find the radius and standard form of the equation of a circle with
its center at (0, 0) and passes through (6, 8).
Activity 2 -Equation of the circle center at (h,k).

1. Find the standard equation and general form of a circle with its
center at (-2, 4) and r = 6
2. Find the radius, standard equation and general form of a circle with its
center at (-5, -3) and passes through (2, -3).

3. Find the standard equation and the general form of a circle with its
center at (1, 6) and passes through (-7, 6) and with a diameter of 16 cm.
 Thank You
and God Bless Us
All