ANEMIA

Ita Hartati (1420119051)

> Definition
Anemia is a condition when the
body lacks healthy red blood cells or
when the red blood cells don't
function properly. As a result, the
body's organs do not get enough
oxygen, which makes anemia
sufferers pale and tired easily.

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>RecognizingTypes of Anemia Here are some
common types of anemia:
1. Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia. This
condition occurs when the body lacks iron, which is an important
component in the formation of red blood cells.

2. Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anemia

The body needs vitamin B12 and folate (vitamin B9) to make new red
blood cells. Deficiency of one or both of these vitamins can lead to
vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anemia.

3. Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells break down faster than Contoso
the body's ability to replace them with new healthy blood cells. Pharmaceuticals
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4. Aplastic anemia
Aplastic anemia is anemia that needs to be watched out
for because it has a high risk of life threatening. This
condition occurs when the body cannot produce enough
red blood cells due to disorders in the bone marrow,
which is the producer of blood cells in the body.

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> Symptoms of anemia
Symptoms of anemia vary widely, depending on the cause.
Anemia sufferers can experience symptoms such as:
 Limp and tired quickly
 HeadacheUnique
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 Often drowsiness, for example
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 Irregular heartbeat
 Shortness of breath
 Chest pain
 Cold on the hands and feet
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worse.
> Risk factor

• The most common risk

factor for anemia is
malnutrition. Certain
vitamins or minerals have an
important role in helping the
body make red blood cells,
such as iron, folic acid
(vitamin B9), and vitamin
B12.

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> Etiology
Causes of Anemia ,Anemia occurs when
the body lacks healthy red blood cells or
hemoglobin. As a result, the cells in the
body don't get enough oxygen and don't
function normally (hypoxemia).Broadly
speaking, anemia occurs due to the
following three conditions:
- Leess red blood cell production.
- Excessive blood loss
- Destruction of red blood cells too
fast.

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> Anemia Tretment
treatment depends on the type of anemia.
- aplastic anemia (medications, blood transfusions or bone marrow transplant)
- hemolytic anemia (drugs that will suppress the immune system)
- iron deficiency anemia (taking iron supplements and changing diet.
- thalassemia (bone marrow transfusion or surgery)
- vitamin B12 or folate deficiency (prescription supplements)

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> Prevetion
several ways to prevent anemia:
- eat a high intake of iron
- a balanced nutritional diet
- treat the causes of blood loss
- Avoid drinking tea and coffee with meals
- eat an intake rich in vitamin B12 and folate
- Increase eating foods rich in vitamin C

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