L E S S O N 2

ONE SEL F”. - SO CRAT ES

INT O F W ISDO M IS “TO KNOW
THE STARTING PO
RATIONAL ANIMAL

MADE OF BODY AND SOUL

(SUBSTANTIAL UNION)
HIERARCHY OF BEINGS
God

Human Beings

Animals

Plants

Minerals
HUMAN NATURE
• BIOLOGICAL POWERS- NUTRITION, LOCOMOTION,
GROWTH, AND REPRODUCTION
• PSYCHOLOGICAL- SENSES AND ACTS OF EMOTIONS
• RATIONAL- INTELLECT (COMPREHENSION AND THE WILL
(VOLITION)
A MORAL BEING
PREMISES:
1. MAN BY NATURAL INSIGHT IS ABLE TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN
GOOD AND EVIL, RIGHT AND WRONG, MORAL AND IMMORAL.
2. MAN FEELS HIMSELF OBLIGED TO DO WHAT IS GOOD AND TO AVOID
WHAT IS EVIL.
3. MAN FEELS HIMSELF ACCOUNTABLE FOR HIS ACTIONS SO THAT HIS
GOOD DEEDS MERIT REWARD, WHILE HIS EVIL DEEDS DESERVE
PUNISHMENT
A PERSON
• THE WORD PERSON COMES FROM THE GREEK WORD “PROSOPHON”
WHICH IS THE MASK WORN BY STAGE ACTORS.

• IN LATIN, “PERSONARE”
• DEFINITION: AN INDIVIDUAL EXISTING SEPARATELY AND
INDEPENDENTLY FROM OTHERS, CAPABLE OF KNOWING AND
LOVING IN AN INTELLECTUAL WAY AND DECIDING FOR HIMSELF
THE PURPOSE OR END OF HIS ACTIONS.
PERSONALITY AND CHARACTER
• PERSON
• THE SUM OF THOSE PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES AND TENDENCIES WHICH
DEFINES A PERSON’S DISTINCT BEHAVIOR
• AN ASPECT OF THE BODY
• CHARACTER
• PERSON’S CHOICE OF VALUES
• AN ASPECT OF THE SOUL
MORAL CHARACTER

• DISCIPLINED TENDENCY TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT THING IN

AN GIVEN CIRCUMSTANCE
• IT ADHERES TO WHAT IS TRUE, BEAUTIFUL, AND GOOD IN US
SOCIAL DIMENSION

•“MAN BY NATURE IS A SOCIAL ANIMAL”

•-ARISTOTLE