Topic for the class : Ethernet physical layer, Ethernet

mac sub layer protocol. Video Box Position

Module II: Ethernet
Date & Time : 19/01/2022
N.V.S.V.VIJAY KUMAR
Assistant Professor
Department of EECE.
GITAM Institute of Technology (GIT)
Visakhapatnam – 530045
Email: vnandam@gitam.edu
Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 1
 Course objectives
• To understand the Ethernet used in a Computer
network.
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• To understand the types of Data transmission in a

computer network.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 2
 Learning Outcomes
• students will be able to understand the Ethernet after
hearing a class/ watching the video lecture.
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• At the end of this lecture/ session, Students will be able
to understand types of Data transmission in a Computer
Network.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 3
 CONTENTS

• Ethernet Video Box Position

• Types of Data Transmission.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 4
 Ethernet

• Tt is time to apply principles in the real systems.

• These designs are used in personal, local, and
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metropolitan area networks with help of IEEE 802.
• The Ethernet is most popular protocol is IEEE 802.3.
wireless LAN (802.11 ).
Bluetooth (wireless PAN)
wireless MAN (802.16 )

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 5
 Ethernet

• Two kinds of Ethernet exist:

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Classic Ethernet
and
Switched Ethernet

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 6
 Classic Ethernet Physical Layer

• Architecture of classic Ethernet

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• Classic Ethernet MAC Sublayer Protocol

• Unicasting
• Multicasting
• broadcasting
Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 7
 Classic Ethernet MAC Sublayer Protocol

Frame formats. (a) Ethernet (DIX). (b) IEEE 802.3.

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Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 8
 Classic Ethernet MAC Sublayer Protocol
• Preambles
• Address Video Box Position
• Type and Length
• Data
• Pad
• Check Sum

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 9
 Preamble
• Preamble this is of 7 bytes, where in the last byte
last 2 bits are set to a binary 11. The last byte is
called the Start of Frame delimiter for 802.3.
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• The Manchester encoding of this pattern produces
a 10-MHz square wave for 6.4 μsec to allow the
receiver’s clock to synchronize with the sender’s.
• The last two 1 bits tell the receiver that the rest of
the frame is about to start.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 10
 Address
• Addresses refers the address of source and destination
and they are of 6 bytes.
• If the first transmitted bit of the destination address is a
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0 for ordinary addresses and a 1 for group addresses.
• Group addresses allow multiple stations to listen to a
single address. When a frame is sent to a group address,
all the stations in the group receive it. Sending to a
group of stations is called multicasting.
• The special address consisting of all 1 bits is reserved for
broadcasting.
Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 11
 Address
• A frame containing all 1s in the destination field is
accepted by all stations on the network. Multicasting is
more selective it needs a group management to define
the stations in the group. But broadcasting does not Video Box Position

require any group management.

• The addresses is globally Unique and assigned asper
IEEE, to ensure that no two stations anywhere in the
world have the same address with a right 48-bit
number. The first 3 bytes of the address field are used
for an OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier).

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 12
 Type or Length
• Ethernet uses a Type field to tell the receiver what to do with the
frame. Multiple network-layer protocols may be in use at the same
time on the same machine, so when an Ethernet frame arrives, the
operating system has to know which one to hand the frame to. The Video Box Position
Type field specifies which process to give the frame to. For example,
a type code of 0x0800 means that the data contains an IPv4 packet.
 
• IEEE 802.3 decides the field that carry the length of the frame, since
the Ethernet length was determined by looking inside the data—a
Layering violation if ever there was one. Of course, this meant there
was no way for the receiver to figure out what to do with an
incoming frame.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 13
 DATA
• Data: That problem of layer violation is overcome by
using LLC (Logical Link Control) protocol within the data.
It uses 8 bytes to convey the 2 bytes of protocol type
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information.
• Any number greater than 0x600 can be interpreted as
Type.
• Any number there less than or equal to 0x600 can be
interpreted as Length.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 14
 Pad field and Checksum
Ethernet requires that valid frames must be
at least 64 bytes long, from destination
address to checksum, including both. If the Video Box Position
data portion of a frame is less than 46
bytes, the Pad field is used to fill out the
frame to the minimum size.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 15
 Time for collision

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Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 16
 Conclusions

Discussed about Ethernet and types of Data Video Box Position

transmission.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 17
 MCQ

Session Quiz:-https://forms.gle/3MfHVugzGz7HiA777 Video Box Position

Note : above link available only

through GITAM ID

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 18
 REFERENCE

1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum and David J Wetherall,

Computer Networks,
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2. TCP/IP and Advanced Topics, Through Coursera.
3. The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking,
Through Coursera.

Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 19
 THANK YOU
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Saturday, February 19, 2022 Department of EECE, GIT ECS463: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS 20