The basic unit of life

Cytology
 Branch of biology dealing
with cells
 Plasma/Cell Membrane
 The boundary of the
cell.
 Composed of 2
phospholipid layers
 Semi-permeable
Filters the materials that
enters or leaves the cell
Cytoplasm
 The fluid inside the cell
 Function:
site of all metabolic
activities in cells
 The Nucleus The center of cellular

activity.
 Enclosed in a membrane
Chromatin Nucleolus
 Contains thin fibers of
DNA and protein called
Chromatin.
 Contains a small round
nucleolus which
produces ribosomes.
 The Mitochondrion
 contains two
membranes.
 Sausage - shaped
 Contains its own
DNA.
 Site of cellular
respiration
Ribosomes  Small non-membrane
bound organelles.

Ribosome  site of protein synthesis.

 They are either free
floating or attached to
the Endoplasmic
Reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 network of transport channels.
 Function: transport materials
Two types:
 Smooth ER
ribosome free
for poison detoxification.
Ribosome  Rough ER
contains ribosomes
for protein synthesis
 Golgi Apparatus
 A series of flattened sacs
 Function: modifies,
packages, stores, and
transports materials out of
the cell.
 Works with the ribosomes
and Endoplasmic
Reticulum.
Lysosomes
 A membrane bound organelle
containing a variety of enzymes.
 Mini digestive system of cell
 Functions:
digest food particles inside or out
side the cell.
recycle cellular debris.
 The Vacuole
Cell Membrane
 Large membrane Tonoplast

bound sacs Cell Wall

 Function: Chloroplast

stores water and

wastes

 Found mostly in
Nucleus
plants and protists.
Centrioles
 Pairs of microtubular structures
 Function:
 Move the chromosomes during cell division
Cytoskeleton
 Forms the framework of the cell
 Contains small microfilaments and
larger microtubules.
 Functions:
support the cell
give it its shape
help in the movement of its
organelles.
Cilia and Flagella
 Cilia
Fine, hair-like projections of the
cytoplasm
Function: for absorption

 Flagella
Long, fingerlike projections of the
cytoplasm
Function: for cell locomotion
Representative Animal Cell