FLAT SLAB:

Presented by:
Rushik chauhan (03)
Ashwini pardhi (16)
Richa shah (26)
NTRODUCTION TO FLAT SLAB:

The term flat slab means a reinforced concrete slab with or witho ut dro ps, supported generally without beams,
by columns with or without flared column heads. A flat slab may be solid slab or may have recesses formed on the
soffit so that the soffit comprises a series of ribs in two directions. The recesses may be formed by
removable or permanent filler blocks.

Thin flat slabs ranging from 5 to 9 m are the preferred solution for building in-situ concrete frame buildings.
These slabs are typically used on parking decks, commercial buildings, hotels, or places where beam projections are not
desired.

Flat slabs are also known as beamless slabs are the type of slab in which the floor slab is supported directly on columns
without the action of beams or girders.

TYPES OF FLAT SLAB:

1.Typical flat slab:

This slab is also called beam slab construction so beams are sometimes avoided in warehouses, offices, public halls, and
slabs are supported directly by columns.
These types of constructions are also aesthetically appealing and supported by straight columns.

2.Flat Slab with column head:

The column head is sometimes widened to reduce perforation shear in the slab, the widest parts are called column heads.
The column heads can be provided within any angle from an architectural point of view, but for design the concrete in the
portion at 45° on either side of vertical only is considered as effective for the design.

3.Flat slab with drop panel :

The moments in the slab are higher near the column, so the slab is thickened near the column by providing drops.
Sometimes the drops are called the capital of the pillar.
 4. Flat slab with column head and drop panel:
here both column head and thickness are provided to withstand the high moments and shear force.

• Flat Slab resting directly on columns • Flat Slab with drop panels

• Flat slab with column head • Flat slab with drop panel and column head
 ADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB:

1.A flat slab reduces the overall height of the structure.

2.These slabs are capable of lifting concentrated loads.
3.They require less formwork.
4.Since the reinforcement of flat slabs can be easily
expanded, it is easy to place.
5.They also have better quality control.
6.Sprinklers, utilities, and other piping are easy to install due
to the absence of beams.
7.This gives a better appearance and diffusion of light.
8.Better fire-resistant than other floor systems.
9.They can be constructed rapidly.
10.increase shear strength of slab (punching shear)
11. reduce the moment in the slab by reducing the clear or
effective span

DISADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB:

1.In the flat plate system, the construction of large spans is not possible.
2.The use of a drop panel can interfere with large mechanical ducting.
3.They are not suitable for masonry walls (brittle supports).
4.The thickness of the flat plate slab is greater than that of the typical RCC two-way slab.

USES OF FLAB SLAB:

•Flat slabs are mostly used in large industrial structures, parking garages, ramps, warehouses, tall buildings,
and hotels.
•They are used where the beam is not required.
•These slabs also used where the structures require less formwork.
•Also, provide better diffusion of light to the plain roof surface.
• A flat slab may have recesses formed on the soffit so that the soffit comprises a series of ribs in two

directions ( waffle Slabs).