UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT, KOLKATA

Course Name : Digital Image Processing

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 UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT, KOLKATA

Introduction
•What is an image?
•What is a digital image?
•Areas of digital image processing?
•What is digital image processing?

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Introduction Contd.
•History of digital image processing
•Applications of digital image processing
•Components of a digital image
•processing system

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In Summary:

Low-Level Mid-Level High-Level

Input: Image Input: Image Input: Attributes

Output: Image Output: Attributes Output: Understanding

Restoration, Segmentation Scene understanding

Compression

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History of DIP:
The first application of digital images
Found in the field of news paper.
•The Bartlane cable picture transmission service.
•Images were transferred by submarine cable
between London and New York.
•Pictures were coded for cable transfer and
reconstructed at the receiving end on a telegraph
printer

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Mid to late 1920s: Improvements to the Bartlane

system resulted in higher quality images
•New reproduction processes based on
photographic techniques
•Increased number of tones in reproduced images

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1960s: Improvements in computing technology

and the onset of the space race led to a surge of
work in digital image processing
•1964: Computers used to
improve the quality of images
of the moon taken by the
Ranger 7 probe.
•Such techniques were used in
other space missions including
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the Apollo landings

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1970s: Digital image processing begins to be used

in medical applications
1979: Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield
& Prof. Allan M. Cormack share
the Nobel Prize in medicine for
the invention of tomography,
the technology behind
Computerised Axial Tomography
(CAT) scans. 8
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1980s - Today: The use of digital image processing

techniques has exploded and they are now used for
all kinds of tasks in all kinds of areas
•Image enhancement/restoration
•Medical visualisation
•Human computer interfaces
•Industrial inspection
•Surveillance
•Artistic effects
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•Law enforcement
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The Light (electromagnetic wave)

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Different Imaging Modalities

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Light microscope
(a)Taxol (anticancer
agent), magnified 250x.
(b) Cholesterol - 40x.
(c) Microprocessor - 60x.
(d) Nickel oxide thin film-
600x. (e) Surface of audio
CD - 1750x. (f) Organic
superconductor - 450μ.
(Images courtesy of Dr.
Michael W. Davidson, Florida State University.) 12
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Material Research
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

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Medical Imaging

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Some application of DIP

•Medical Imaging
•Quality control system
•Surveillance
•Law Enforcement
•Artistic Effects

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Human operators are

expensive, slow and
unreliable
Make machines do
the job instead.

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Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inspection:

Machine inspection is used to determine
that all components are present and that all
solder joints are acceptable.

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 UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT, KOLKATA

Image processing
techniques are used
extensively by law
enforcers
•Number plate
recognition for
speed cameras/
automated toll systems
•Fingerprint recognition
•Enhancement of CCTV images 21
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Thank
You

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