Probability & Statistics

Continuous Random Variables:

Exponential Probability Distribution

 Probability For Discrete Random Variable X
distributions
Binomial Hypergeometric Poisson
Probability Probability Probability
Distribution Distribution Distribution

Probability For Continuous Random Variable X

distributions
Normal Probability Distribution Exponential Probability Distribution

𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
− ( 𝒙 − 𝝁 ) /(¿𝟐 𝝈 )¿
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= ¿ 𝒆
𝝈   √𝟐𝝅
 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions
Exponential Probability Distribution
The exponential random variable
is used to model positive continuous random variables such as
waiting times or lifetimes associated with electronic components
The formula or probability density function (pdf) that generates this distribution is

𝟏 −(𝟏 /𝝁)𝒙 𝟏
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=¿
𝝁
𝒆
𝝁
¿𝝀 ¿𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 ¿ 𝝀 𝒆− 𝝀 𝒙 𝒙≥𝟎
 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions
Question No. 1 Exponential Probability Distribution
The waiting time at a supermarket checkout counter has an exponential distribution
with an average waiting time of

With the help of Excel, Calculate probability that

(A) you will have to wait less than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 at the checkout counter?

(B) you will have to wait More than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 at the checkout counter?

(B) you will have to wait exactly 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 at the checkout counter?
 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions Average, 𝟓𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔
Exponential Probability Distribution
Standard deviation 𝟓𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔
𝟏 −(𝟏 / 𝝁) 𝒙 𝟏
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=¿ ∫❑ 𝝁 𝒆 𝝁 ¿𝝀
𝟏
¿𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲
¿
𝟓 ¿ 𝟎 .𝟐
¿∫ ❑ 𝝀𝒆 − 𝝀 𝒙
Probability that
Probability that Probability that
you will have to wait you will have to wait you will have to wait
less than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 More than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 exactly 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔
at the checkout counter? at the checkout counter? at the checkout counter?
¿𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒐𝒏.𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕 (𝟏𝟎,𝟎.𝟐,𝑻𝑹𝑼𝑬) ¿ 𝟏 −0.8647
¿ 0.864 7 ¿ 0.1353
¿𝟖𝟔.𝟒𝟕% ¿𝟏𝟑.𝟓𝟑 %
 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions
Question No. 2 Exponential Probability Distribution
The waiting time at a supermarket checkout counter has an exponential distribution
with an average waiting time of

Calculate probability that

(A) you will have to wait less than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 at the checkout counter?

(B) you will have to wait More than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 at the checkout counter?
 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions Average, 𝟓𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔
Exponential Probability Distribution
Standard deviation 𝟓𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔
𝟏 −(𝟏 / 𝝁) 𝒙 𝟏
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=¿ ∫❑ 𝝁 𝒆 𝝁 ¿𝝀
𝟏
¿𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲
¿
𝟓 ¿ 𝟎 .𝟐
¿∫ ❑ 𝝀𝒆 − 𝝀𝒙

Probability that you will have to wait Probability that you will have to wait
less than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔 More than 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒔
𝟏𝟎
¿∫ 𝟎.𝟐𝒆
− 𝟎 .𝟐 𝒙
𝑑𝑥
𝟎 ¿ 𝟏 −0.8647 ¿ 0.1353 ¿𝟏𝟑.𝟓𝟑 %
)

)
¿ 0.864 7
¿𝟖𝟔.𝟒𝟕%
 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions
Question No. 3 Normal Probability Distribution
The length of life (in days) of an alkaline battery has an exponential distribution with an
average life of .

Using Excel Find the probability that

(A) an alkaline battery will fail Before 𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔

(B) an alkaline battery will last Beyond 𝟏 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓

(C) an alkaline battery will last Between 𝟔𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉𝒔∧𝟏 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓

(D) If a device requires two batteries,

what is the probability

that both batteries last beyond

 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions Average, 𝟑𝟔𝟓 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔
Exponential Probability Distribution
Standard deviation 𝟑𝟔𝟓 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=¿ 𝟏 −(𝟏 / 𝝁) 𝒙 𝟏
∫❑ 𝝁
𝒆
𝝁 ¿ 𝝀𝟏
¿𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲
¿
¿∫ ❑ 𝝀𝒆 −𝝀𝒙 𝟑𝟔𝟓

an alkaline an alkaline battery an alkaline battery will

battery will fail will last last

Before Beyond Between

𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝟏 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝟔𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉𝒔∧𝟏 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓

 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions Average, 𝟑𝟔𝟓 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔
Exponential Probability Distribution
Standard deviation 𝟑𝟔𝟓 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔

(D) If a device requires two batteries,

what is the probability

that both batteries last beyond

 Probability For Continuous Random Variable X
distributions
Practice Problem No. 1 Normal Probability Distribution
The length of life (in days) of an alkaline battery has an exponential distribution with an
average life of .

Find the probability that

(A) an alkaline battery will fail Before 𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔

(B) an alkaline battery will last Beyond 𝟏 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓

(C) an alkaline battery will last Between 𝟔𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉𝒔∧𝟏 𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓

(D) If a device requires two batteries,

what is the probability

that both batteries last beyond