Introduction to Antiderivatives

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
 Learning Outline

1. Definition of Antidifferentiation
2. Steps in evaluating integrals
3. Properties of indefinite integrals
4. Evaluate integrals using power formula

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
Integral Calculus (Antiderivative)– it is the reversed process of
differential calculus
Integration (Antidifferentiation) – is the process of solving the integral
(original function)

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
Two types of Integral:
Indefinite Integral. Definite Integral
is the upper limit or boundary

is the lower limit or boundary

Integral Integrand is the variable of integration

Symbol

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
Application and Definition:
1) Antiderivatives 2) Area of an irregular figure

Approximation of area

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
 Indefinite versus Definite Integrals
1) Indefinite 2) Definite
- no boundaries (not defined) - with boundaries (defined)

∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
=
1

= - =

Answer: a function Answer: number

∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
= = +C

We are adding C, an arbitrary number, since

we don’t know the boundary (indefinite)
Properties of Indefinite Integral
and The Power Formula

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
 STEPS IN
EVALUATING ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1. ChooseINDEFINITE
the value of from the integrand.
INTERGRALS
2. Derive the into 𝑑𝑢=𝑑𝑥
3. Make sure that is equal to the is equal to the
remaining function in the integrand that remaining function in
is not included in the value of If not the integrand
equal, we cannot integrate the function
(except for a constant) or set another
value of .
15
 STEPS IN EVALUATING INDEFINITE
INTERGRALS
4. Choose an applicable integration method or
formula to evaluate the integral.
NOTE:
- Evaluating integrals can have different solution or
can use different integration methods
- A constant of integration gives a family of functions For example:
that forms a general solution when solving a = 2x + 1
differential equation. = 2x + 3
- To find the indefinite integral, always add a constant
to account for this family of functions.
We do not have any information about which of these two
functions is the correct one. We will not able to know the
exact value of the constant C.
 PROPERTIES OF INDEFINITE
INTERGRALS
1.

2. where is a constant

3.
=
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
PropertyINTEGRALS
# 1.

1. Using property # 1, will be

integrated to its original form .
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
Property # 2.
INTEGRALS
1. 2. 3.
=3 = =
= =
=
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
Property # 3. INTEGRALS

1.
= (2 + C1) + (4 + C2)
= (2 + 2C1) + (4 4C2)
= 2 + 4 (2C1 + 4C2)
=2+4 C
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
Property # 3. INTEGRALS

2.
=3 +2 -1

=3+2-
The Power Formula

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER
 Formulas of Indefinite Integral
The Power Formula. If is a rational number.

where

1. Evaluate.
=
=
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
INTEGRALS
The Power Formula.

2. 3.
=
=
=
=
=
=-
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
INTEGRALS
The Power Formula.

4. =3+
= +
= +3+
=3+
= 3 + C1 + + C 2 = + + (3 )
= ++
=3+
 EVALUATE THE FOLLOWING
INTEGRALS
The Power Formula.

5. 6.
= =
= =
= = =
=
=
Synchronous Learning
END SESSION

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
2nd QUARTER