Urinary Tract Infection

Definitions
Types
Epidemiology

Don Jayric V. Depalobos

Urinary Tract Infections
• UTI may be asymptomatic (subclinical Infection)
or symptomatic (disease).

• UTI encompasses a variety of clinical entities

which includes:
a) Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ABU)
b) Cystitis
c) Prostatitis
d) Pyelonephritis
UTI and ABU
• Both UTI and ABU connote the presence of bacteria
in the urinary tract, usually accompanied by white
blood cells and inflammatory cytokines in the urine.

• ABU occurs in the absence of symptoms

attributable to the bacteria in the urinary tract and
does not require treatment.

• UTI implies symptomatic disease that warrants

antimicrobial therapy.
Other Definitions
• UTI – symptomatic disease.

• Cystitis – symptomatic infection of the bladder.

• Pyelonephritis – symptomatic infection of the

kidneys.
Types of UTI
• Uncomplicated UTI – refers to acute cystitis or
pyelonephritis in nonpregnant outpatient
women without anatomic abnormalities or
instrumentation of the urinary tract.

• Complicated UTI – is a catch-all term that

encompasses all other types of UTI.
Types of UTI
• Recurrent UTI – is not necessarily complicated;
episodes can be uncomplicated and treated as
such.

• Catheter-associated Bacteriuria - can either be

symptomatic (CAUTI) or asymptomatic.
Epidemiology of UTI
• Adult
UTI is more common in females than in males.

• Neonatal Period
Incidence of UTI is slightly higher in males than
among females because male infants/neonates more
commonly have congenital urinary tract anomalies.
Epidemiology of UTI
• After 50 years of age
Obstruction from prostatic hypertrophy becomes
common in men.
Incidence of UTI is almost as high among men as
among women.

• Between 1 year and ~50 years of age

UTI and recurrent UTI are predominantly diseases
of females.
Epidemiology of UTI
• Prevalence of ABU
~5% among women between ages 20-40.
40-50% among elderly women and men.

• After 50 years of age

Acquire at least one type of UTI during their
lifetime.
Uncomplicated cystitis in most cases.