Scope of Practice and

Essential functions of
Pharmacists
1. The provision of pharmaceutical care by
taking responsibility for the patient’s medicine
related needs and being accountable for
meeting these needs, which shall include but
not limited to the following functions:
(a) Evaluation of a patient’s medicine
by determining the indication, safety
and effectiveness of the therapy
(b) Dispensing of any medicine
prescribed by physician
(c) Furnishing of information and advice
to the patient the proper use of
medicines
(d) Determining patient compliance with
the therapy and follow up to ensure
that the patient’s needs are being
met
2. Compounding, preparation and
dispensing of medicine
3. Purchasing, Acquiring,
Importing, Releasing and
storage of medicines
4. Initiation and conducting
pharmaceutical research and
development.
5. Promotion of Public Health
Functions of Practicing Pharmacists:
1. Professional function
2. Technical function
3. Administrative, supervisory
& managerial functions
4. Entrepreneurial functions
Professional Functions
1. Participating in the practice of
drug use decisions
2. Selecting the drug product
dosage form
3. Selecting the drug product
source of supply
4. Determine the dose and
dosage schedule
5. Preparing the drug product for patient’s use
6. Dispensing the drug with proper instruction
7. Providing drug information to the patient
8. Monitoring the patient to maximize
compliance
9. Monitoring the patient to detect adverse drug
reactions and interactions
10. Monitoring the patient to enhance the
outcomes of drug therapy
11. Counseling patient on the appropriate
utilization of medication.
Technical Functions
1. Functions indirectly related to dispensing. These
include such tasks as stocking shelves, cleaning up
after pharmacists has prepared the drug. Clearly
these are no professional tasks.
2. Functions carried out as a prerequisite to
dispensing. These include the repacking of
multiple and unit dose packages of drugs and
their labeling
3. Functions directly
involved with dispensing.
These include counting
or dispensing
prefabricated
medications,
reconstituting drug
powders and preparing
labels, all under the
direct supervision of a
pharmacist.
Administrative, Supervisory and Managerial functions

• Proper prescription management

• Record keeping
• Pricing procedures
• Maintaining patient’s drug histories
• Inventory control
• Purchase request
• Personnel scheduling
• Payroll
Entrepreneurial functions
• Many pharmacists embark on putting their
own drugstore. They are directly dependent
on their own skills as professionals and as
managers.
• The possibility of conflicts between
professional and entrepreneurial goals,
values, and activities is very high.
 Functions of other pharmacists
• Some pharmacists are not
engaged in in providing
pharmaceutical services
directly to patients. They
are, however, engaged in
important functions related
indirectly to the practice.
1. Research and Development
2. Production
3. Quality Control
4. Sales and Marketing
5. Teaching and Research in academic institutions
6. Legal and regulatory functions with regards to
drugs and pharmaceutical practice
7. Public health functions
8. Association world
9. Pharmaceutical journalism
I am a Pharmacist

I am a specialist in medications

I supply medicines and pharmaceuticals

to those who need them.
I prepare and compound special dosage
forms.
I control the storage and preservation of
all medications in my care.
I am a custodian of medical information

My library is a ready source of drug

knowledge.
My files contain thousands of specific drug
names and tens of thousands facts
about them.
My records include the medication and
health history of entire families.
My journals and meetings report advances
in pharmacy from around the world.
I am a companion of the Physician

I am partner in the case of every

patient who takes any kind of
medication.
I am a consultant on the merits of
different therapeutic agents.
I am the connecting link between
physician and patient and the final
check on the safety of medicines.
I am a counselor to the patient

I help the patient understand the

proper use of prescription
medication.
I assist the patient’s choice of
nonprescription drugs or in the
decision to consult a physician.
I advise the patient on matters of
prescription storage and
potency.
I am guardian of the public health

My pharmacy is a center for health-care

information.
I encourage and promote sound personal
health.
My services are available to all at all time.

THIS IS MY CALLING* THIS IS MY PRIDE.

 Current and
Emerging Fields in
Pharmacy
1. Academe
2. Ambulatory Care/ Outpatient
pharmacist- provide care to
patients transitioning from
hospital to home or another
health care facility especially
for patients taking multiple
medications
3. Cardiology Pharmacists- deliver direct
patient care to patients with cardiovascular
disease
4. Community Pharmacy- dispense
prescriptions and OTC medications
5. Clinical Pharmacist- works with physician,
patient and other health professionals to
ensure that medication produce the best
possible health outcome.
6. Community health care pharmacy- provide
health care services and information to
underserved communities in outpatient
settings.
7. Compounding pharmacist- create
personalized medications for patients with
medication related challenges.
8. Consultant pharmacist-
specialized in drug therapies
for the prevention of drug
therapy related problems.
They don’t usually dispense
medication themselves but
rather they monitor dosages,
side effects and length of
therapies.
9. Critical Care Pharmacy- often
works in dynamic environments like
ICU and Emergency departments
by providing appropriate medication
therapy in a timely manner.
10. Emergency Pharmacy- works the
emergency staff to promote safe
and effective medication use in the
emergency department. They
collaborate in the selection and
monitoring of medications and
provide direct patient care.
11. Geriatric Pharmacists-
have special knowledge in
the care of older adults and
they frequently have
experience in ambulatory
care, acute care and long-
term care. They specialize
in Pharmacokinetic and
Pharmacodynamics.
12. Hospital Pharmacist- prepares and
dispense medication order.
13. Industrial Pharmacist- they manufacture
medicines, regulatory affairs and business
development.
14. Infectious disease pharmacist- acts
as steward of antibiotics, often
operating surveillance programs for
antibiotics.

15. Informatics- seeks to use data,

information and knowledge to improve
to improve human health and the
delivery healthcare. It combines
elements of computer science and
technology with a knowledge of
medicine to advance public health and
patient care.
16. Journalism- writes about the medical field
for journals and online publications.
17. Long-term care pharmacists- usually care
for a resident population in a setting such as a
mental institution, rehabilitation center, urgent
care facility or even correctional facility. They
monitor patient conditions and regulate drug
protocols.
18. Medical Sales- sell medical
products to doctors, pharmacists
and organizations like hospitals
and clinics.
19. Military pharmacy- contributes
to the health of service members
during peace and war. They may
serve in community hospitals or
military bases, where they serve
service members and their
families, or they may be
deployed with hospital field.
20. Nuclear Pharmacist-
prepare and dispense
patient- specific compounds
that aid in diagnostic imaging
and therapeutic procedures.
They practice mostly in
hospitals and they have
minimal patient interaction.
21. Nutrition Support pharmacy- addresses the
care of patients who receive specialized
nutrition support in the form of IV or feeding
tubes.
22. Oncology pharmacy- aid cancer care teams
in treating patients by educating patients about
side effects, conducting safety checks,
preparing chemotherapy doses, and conducting
drug development research. They work to
maximize the benefits of drug therapy and
minimize toxicities.
23. Operating room
pharmacy- help surgical
teams reduce the incidence
of adverse drug events by
reviewing orders prior to
administration. They also
manage narcotic dispensing
and pharmaceutical waste
disposal.
24. Pediatric pharmacy-
ensure safe and effective
drug use for patients up
to age 18. they provide
patient care, provide
alternate dosage forms
and specialized drug
therapy monitoring for
pediatric patients.
25. Psychiatric pharmacy- psychiatric
medications can be complex, drug regimens
can be confusing, psych pharmacist can
clarify best choices.
26. Regulatory pharmacy- oversee
regulations and guidelines that regulate
clinical trials and other aspects of human
research
27. Research and
Development- spend the
majority of their time
researching the development
of new drugs as well as
alternative indications for
existing ones.
28. Transplant Pharmacy-
Solid organ transplantation
pharmacists manage
complex, medication
regimens involved in all
stages of transplant
29. Veterinary Pharmacist- evolved from
compounding medicines to include pain
management treatments and other
consults.
Employment Opportunities
1. Drugstore

- Drugstore owner
- Supervising Pharmacist
2. Chain Drugstore

- Chain Drugstore owner

- Staff Pharmacist
- Branch Pharmacist
- Supervisor
- Manager
3. Government Agency
- Hospital: staff pharmacist, chief pharmacist
- FDA: Food and Drug regulation officer
- PDEA: Pharmacist
- DOH: Pharmacist
- NBI: Drug Analyst
- AFP: Military Pharmacist
4. Drug Distributor Company
- Company Pharmacist
- Owner
5. Hospital
- Hospital Pharmacist
- Clinical Pharmacist
- Supervisor
- Director of Pharmacy
- Chief Pharmacist
 6. School of Pharmacy
- Laboratory Instructor
- Lecturer
- Department Head
- Dean
- Owner
7. Chemical/ Cosmetic Company
- Company Pharmacist
- Owner
8. Drug Manufacturing
- Company pharmacist
- Medical Representative
- Regulatory affairs manager
- Manufacturing pharmacist
- Quality control pharmacist
- Production Manager
- Clinical researcher
- Consultant
- Product Development pharmacist
- Owner