PAPER BATTERY

M.jayasree(11189A085)
E.kushitha (11189A062)
BE 3rd year

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

SCSVMV UNIVERSITY , KANCHEEPURAM
 CONTENT

• Introduction
• Paper battery
• Construction
• Applications
• Advantages
• Limitations
• Disadvantages
• Future scope
• Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

• A paper battery acts as both a high energy battery and super capacitor , combining two components that are separate
in traditional electronics.

• This technology can be greatly utilized by medical devices .

 Paper battery

• A Paper battery is a flexible ,ultra-thin energy storage and

production device formed by
combining carbon nanotubes with a conventional
sheet of cellulose-based paper.
• The nano material are a one-dimensional structure with
very small diameters .
• It can be bent and twisted, trimmed with scissors or
molded into any needed shape.
• A paper battery acts as both high-energy battery and
super capacitor. This combination
allow the battery to provide both long term, steady power
production and bursts of energy.
• It is non toxic, environment friendly and is everything
that a conventional battery is not.
 CONSTRUCTION

1. Actually, there are many ways to construct paper batteries.

Given below are three ways to create paper batteries.
The first method involves fabricating zinc and manganese dioxide based cathode and anode. the
batteries are printed onto paper using standard silkscreen printing press.
This paper is infused with aligned carbon nanotubes which are used as
electrode.
This paper is dipped in a solution of ionic liquid which acts as the electrolyte.
 construction

2. The second method is a bit complex and involves growing nanotubes on a silicon substrate. The
gaps
in the matrix are then filed with cellulose and once the matrix is dried , the combination of
cellulose and nanotubes is peeled off . Thus sheet of paper consisting of carbon nanotubes are
created. Two such sheets are combined together to from a super capacitor with a ionic liquid.
3. The third is a simple method and can be constructed in a laboratory. It involves spreading
a specially formulated ink of carbon nanotubes over a rectangle sheet of paper coated with an
ionic solution. A thin film of lithium is then laminated on the other side of the paper .
Aluminium rods
are then connected to carry current between the two electrodes .
 WORKING…

1) Internal operation of paper batteries is similar to the conventional batteries with each
battery generating about 1.5V.
2) If one can recall traditional batteries work in the manner where positive charged particles
called ions and negative charged particles called electrons move between positive electrodes
called anode and negative electrode called cathode . Current flow as electrons flow from
anode to the cathode through the conductor, since the electrolyte is an insulator and
doesn’t provide a free path for electrons to travel.
3) Similarly in some paper batteries, carbon nanotubes acts as cathode, the metal is the anode
and paper is the separator.
4) Chemical reaction between metal and electrolyte results in production of ions whereas
chemical reaction between carbon and electrolyte results in production of electrons.
These electrons flow from the cathode to the anode through the external circuit.
 Applications…

o Paper battery can actually prove beneficial for applications where

portability and size is the main requirement . Modern days
electronic equipment like smart cards , digital watches facilitate the
requirement of thin batteries which are long lasting and non toxic.
o Wearable Computer – One of the latest real time examples of
wearable computer is Google Glass . It actually is a normal spectacle
with an optical head mounted display and Glass is a computer in
the form of a pair of eyeglasses and includes an optical head-
mounted display which allows the user to use a smart phone.
o It can also be used for low power devices like calculators , wrist
watches and wireless communication devices like mouse , Bluetooth
headphones , Keypads etc…….
 Properties of paper batteries:
The properties of paper Batteries are mainly attributed to the properties of its constituents.
Properties of cellulose:
 High Tensile strength : Low shear Strength
 Biodegradable
 Biocompatible
 Excellent porosity & Absorption Capacity
 Easily Reusable and Recyclable
 Non-Toxic
Properties of carbon Nanotubes:
 Ratio of Width: Length: 1:107
 High tensile Strength(Greater then steel)
 Thickness : typically about 0.5 - 0.7mm
 Low resistance(~33ohm per sq. inch).
 Very Good Electrical conductivity(better than silicon).
 Low Mass density & High packing Density.
 Very light and very Flexible.
 Advantages

 Used as both battery and capacitor.

 It is flexible.
 It is ultra thin energy storage device.
 Long lasting.
 Non toxic.
 Steady power production.
 Limitations

 Since cellulose has low shear strength , these batteries have low strength and can be torn easily.

 Construction of carbon nanotubes is expensive.

 DISADVANTAGES

• Carbon nano tubes are very expensive

• For the commercial purpose , these batteries have to be scaled up to sheets of news paper size
• Replacing the old batteries w results wastage of old electronic goods
 Future Scope

 It holds great potential to advance capabilities in portable power design for applications ranging
from bioinstrumentation to consumer electronics and even large power system served by
conventional batteries.

 The paper like qualities of the material make it especially attractive for energy storage in medically
implanted devices ( for example , a pacemaker, insulin pump or the implantable radio chip ).
 conclusion
 A paper battery is a paper like device formed by the combination of carbon nanotubes and a
conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper which acts as a flexible ultra-thin energy storage
and energy production device

 As this technology is adapted it will prove to be extremely useful and could even save not only
cost but lives also.
 Reference

o http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery.htm
o http://www.batteryuniversity.com
o http://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.html
o http://en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster
o http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.php