ES Design Concepts

By

Muhammad Asim Rehmat

(Assistant Professor CS&E dept
UET Lhr.)
 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 1 – Define the problem!
• Single most important step.
• Without knowing the problem, how can we
solve it?

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 2 – Generate Specifications
• Specification – An explicit set of
requirements to be satisfied by the final
solution.

 Typically come from two places:

• Design Constraints
• Functional Requirements

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 3 – Specification Ranking /
Weighting
• All specs are not created equal.
 These are often ranked in some way.
• What is most important? Why?

• One ranking system:

 W = Wish
(not that important, but would be nice if possible)
 P = Preferred
(important, but the project won’t fail without it)
 D = Demand
(Critical to the project, MUST be included)
Robotics by Asim Rehmat
 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 4 – Generate Design Concepts
• Almost everyone does the same this when
faced with a problem, often subconsciously. –
Think of alternative courses of action.
 Formally documenting this intuitive action helps to
solve complex engineering problems.
• Brainstorm Solutions
• Figure out the “how” for the “what” of the
specifications.

• Two Words – Napkin Sketches!

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 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 5 – Prototyping
• Make your napkin sketches “real”…
• The goal here is to LEARN as much as you
can about the concepts and how well each
functions.
• Prototypes designed to be crude, but
functional enough to be educational.

• See the concept interact with the real

environment.

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 6 – Choose a Concept
• Take the lessons learned from prototyping
and make a decision. Choose a concept to
go forward with.
• Often the “right” solution just reveals itself.
Find the elegant solution.

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 7 – Detailed Design
• Take the concept and make it into
something more “real”.
• The goal at the end of this is to have
a design or plan that can actually be
implemented or constructed.
• CAD Models, Assembly Drawings,
Manufacturing Plans, BoMs

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 8 – Manufacturing & Implementation
• Depending on the design the implementation
could be a manufactured product, a report, a
PowerPoint presentation.
• Build it!

 Step 9 – Analyze Results

• Review how the implementation went.
• Learn what worked, what didn’t, what can be
improved.
• Document the results.

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Engineering Design Process
 Step 1 – Define the Problem
 Step 2 – Generate Specifications
 Step 3 – Specification Ranking / Weighting
 Step 4 – Brainstorm Design Concepts
 Step 5 – Prototyping
 Step 6 – Choose a Concept
 Step 7 – Detailed Design
 Step 8 – Manufacturing & Implementation
 Step 9 – Analyze Results

Robotics by Asim Rehmat

 The Embedded Design Life Cycle
 software and hardware are being
designed in parallel

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Software Development Life Cycle

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System Organization

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System Organization

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Electrical Design

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Schematics

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Engineering Diagrams

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Source Code

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 Software Architectures
When you are
designing
embedded
software,
what
architecture
will be the
most
appropriate
for a given
system?
Robotics by Asim Rehmat
 Decision Factors
 The most important factor
􀂄 how much control you need to have over
system response.
 Good response
􀂄 Absolute response time requirements
􀂄 The speed of your microprocessor
􀂄 and the other processing requirements
 Few, loose reqts  simple architecture
 Many, stringent reqts  complex
architecture
Robotics by Asim Rehmat
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Robotics by Asim Rehmat